2015年考研英语阅读习题演练 (11)
<p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="image">image</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="riveting">riveting</span>， <span word="as">as</span> <span word="justice">justice</span> <span word="John">John</span> <span word="Paul">Paul</span> <span word="Stevens">Stevens</span>， <span word="a">a</span> <span word="Chicago">Chicago</span> <span word="native">native</span>， <span word="presented">presented</span> <span word="it">it</span>. <span word="A">A</span> <span word="gang">gang</span> <span word="member">member</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="father">father</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="hanging">hanging</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="near">near</span> <span word="Wrigley">Wrigley</span> <span word="Field">Field</span>. <span word="Are">Are</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="rob">rob</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="unsuspecting">unsuspecting</span> <span word="fan">fan</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="glimpse">glimpse</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Sammy">Sammy</span> <span word="Sosa">Sosa</span> <span word="leaving">leaving</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ball">ball</span> <span word="park">park</span>? <span word="A">A</span> <span word="police">police</span> <span word="officer">officer</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="idea">idea</span>， <span word="but">but</span> <span word="under">under</span> <span word="Chicago">Chicago</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="anti">anti</span>-<span word="gang">gang</span> <span word="law">law</span>， <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cop">cop</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="order">order</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="disperse">disperse</span>. <span word="With">With</span> <span word="Stevens">Stevens</span> <span word="writing">writing</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> 6-<span word="to">to</span>-3 <span word="majority">majority</span>， <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Supreme">Supreme</span> <span word="Court">Court</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="week">week</span> <span word="struck">struck</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="Chicago">Chicago</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="sweeping">sweeping</span> <span word="statute">statute</span>， <span word="which">which</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="sparked">sparked</span> 42，000 <span word="arrests">arrests</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="enforcement">enforcement</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="decision">decision</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="blow">blow</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="advocates">advocates</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="get">get</span>-<span word="tough">tough</span> <span word="crime">crime</span> <span word="policies">policies</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="widely">widely</span> <span word="noted">noted</span> <span word="concurring">concurring</span> <span word="opinion">opinion</span>， <span word="Justice">Justice</span> <span word="Sandra">Sandra</span> <span word="Day">Day</span> <span word="O">O</span> <span word="Connor">Connor</span> <span word="suggested">suggested</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="draconian">draconian</span> <span word="approachdistinguishing">approachdistinguishing</span> <span word="gang">gang</span> <span word="members">members</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="innocent">innocent</span> <span word="bystandersmight">bystandersmight</span> <span word="pass">pass</span> <span word="constitutional">constitutional</span> <span word="muster">muster</span>. <span word="New">New</span> <span word="language">language</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="target">target</span> <span word="loiterers">loiterers</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="apparent">apparent</span> <span word="purpose">purpose</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="establish">establish</span> <span word="control">control</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="identifiable">identifiable</span> <span word="areas">areas</span>， <span word="to">to</span> <span word="intimidate">intimidate</span> <span word="others">others</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="entering">entering</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="areas">areas</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="conceal">conceal</span> <span word="illegal">illegal</span> <span word="activities">activities</span>， <span word="she">she</span> <span word="wrote">wrote</span>. <span word="Chicago">Chicago</span> <span word="officials">officials</span> <span word="vowed">vowed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="draft">draft</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="measure">measure</span>. <span word="We">We</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="back">back</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="correct">correct</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="then">then</span> <span word="move">move</span> <span word="forward">forward</span>， <span word="said">said</span> <span word="Mayor">Mayor</span> <span word="Richard">Richard</span> <span word="Daley">Daley</span>. <span word="Chicago">Chicago</span> <span word="officials">officials</span>， <span word="along">along</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="League">League</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Cities">Cities</span> <span word="and">and</span> 31 <span word="states">states</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="sided">sided</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="court">court</span>， <span word="might">might</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="look">look</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="state">state</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="anti">anti</span>-<span word="gang">gang</span> <span word="loitering">loitering</span> <span word="prosecutions">prosecutions</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="withstood">withstood</span> <span word="constitutional">constitutional</span> <span word="challenges">challenges</span>： <span word="California">California</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="state">state</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="antiloitering">antiloitering</span> <span word="statutes">statutes</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="books">books</span>， <span word="aimed">aimed</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="intending">intending</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="commit">commit</span> <span word="specific">specific</span> <span word="crimesprostitution">crimesprostitution</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="drug">drug</span> <span word="dealing">dealing</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="addition">addition</span>， <span word="a">a</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="local">local</span> <span word="prosecutors">prosecutors</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="waging">waging</span> <span word="war">war</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="gangs">gangs</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="innovative">innovative</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="public">public</span>-<span word="nuisance">nuisance</span> <span word="laws">laws</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="cities">cities</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="Los">Los</span> <span word="Angeles">Angeles</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="San">San</span> <span word="Jose">Jose</span>， <span word="prosecutors">prosecutors</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="sought">sought</span> <span word="injunctions">injunctions</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="groups">groups</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="suspected">suspected</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="gang">gang</span> <span word="activity">activity</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="officers">officers</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="streets">streets</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="gang">gang</span> <span word="members">members</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="gather">gather</span> <span word="physical">physical</span> <span word="evidence">evidence</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="lengthy">lengthy</span> <span word="court">court</span> <span word="hearings">hearings</span>， <span word="says">says</span> <span word="Los">Los</span> <span word="Angeles">Angeles</span> <span word="prosecutor">prosecutor</span> <span word="Martin">Martin</span> <span word="Vranicar">Vranicar</span>. <span word="If">If</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="evidence">evidence</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="enough">enough</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="convince">convince</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="judge">judge</span>， <span word="an">an</span> <span word="injunction">injunction</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="issued">issued</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="prohibit">prohibit</span> <span word="specific">specific</span> <span word="behaviorsuch">behaviorsuch</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="carrying">carrying</span> <span word="cell">cell</span> <span word="phones">phones</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="pagers">pagers</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="blocking">blocking</span> <span word="sidewalk">sidewalk</span> <span word="passagein">passagein</span> <span word="defined">defined</span> <span word="geographical">geographical</span> <span word="areas">areas</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="works">works</span> <span word="instantly">instantly</span>， <span word="says">says</span> <span word="San">San</span> <span word="Jose">Jose</span> <span word="city">city</span> <span word="attorney">attorney</span> <span word="Joan">Joan</span> <span word="Gallo">Gallo</span>， <span word="who">who</span> <span word="successfully">successfully</span> <span word="defended">defended</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="tactic">tactic</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="California">California</span> <span word="Supreme">Supreme</span> <span word="Court">Court</span>. <span word="A">A</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="days">days</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="injunctions">injunctions</span>， <span word="children">children</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="playing">playing</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="streets">streets</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="before">before</span>. <span word="So">So</span> <span word="far">far</span>， <span word="only">only</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="hundred">hundred</span> <span word="gang">gang</span> <span word="members">members</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="targeted">targeted</span>， <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="estimated">estimated</span> 150，000 <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Los">Los</span> <span word="Angeles">Angeles</span> <span word="alone">alone</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="experts">experts</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="week">week</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="decision">decision</span> <span word="set">set</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="parameters">parameters</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="sharper">sharper</span> <span word="measures">measures</span>. <span word="Says">Says</span> <span word="Harvard">Harvard</span> <span word="law">law</span> <span word="professor">professor</span> <span word="Laurence">Laurence</span> <span word="Tribe">Tribe</span>： <span word="It">It</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="means">means</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="scalpel">scalpel</span> <span word="rather">rather</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="invisible">invisible</span> <span word="mallet">mallet</span>. 注：本文选自<span word="By">By</span> <span word="Margot">Margot</span> <span word="Hornblower">Hornblower</span>/<span word="Los">Los</span> <span word="Angeles">Angeles</span> <span word="With">With</span> <span word="reporting">reporting</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="Timothy">Timothy</span> <span word="Roche">Roche</span>/<span word="Chicago">Chicago</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Andrea">Andrea</span> <span word="Sachs">Sachs</span>/<span word="New">New</span> <span word="York">York</span> <span word="Time">Time</span>; 06/21/99， <span word="Vol">Vol</span>. 153 <span word="Issue">Issue</span> 24， <span word="p">p</span>55， 2/3<span word="p">p</span>， 1<span word="bw">bw</span> 注：本文习题命题模仿对象2004年真题<span word="Text">Text</span> 2. 1. <span word="What">What</span> <span word="does">does</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="author">author</span> <span word="intend">intend</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="illustrate">illustrate</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="example">example</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="gang">gang</span> <span word="member">member</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="father">father</span>? [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="How">How</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="antiloitering">antiloitering</span> <span word="law">law</span> <span word="works">works</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="How">How</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="maintain">maintain</span> <span word="charming">charming</span> <span word="image">image</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="How">How</span> <span word="tough">tough</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="crime">crime</span> <span word="polices">polices</span> <span word="were">were</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="Why">Why</span> <span word="Chicagos">Chicagos</span> <span word="sweeping">sweeping</span> <span word="statute">statute</span> <span word="stroke">stroke</span> <span word="down">down</span>. 2. <span word="What">What</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="infer">infer</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="paragraphs">paragraphs</span>? [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="Chicagos">Chicagos</span> <span word="antiloitering">antiloitering</span> <span word="law">law</span> <span word="shouldnt">shouldnt</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="struck">struck</span> <span word="down">down</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="The">The</span> <span word="cop">cop</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="entitled">entitled</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="send">send</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="gangs">gangs</span> <span word="away">away</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="Chicago">Chicago</span> <span word="officials">officials</span> <span word="yielded">yielded</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="result">result</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="striking">striking</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="law">law</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="antiloitering">antiloitering</span> <span word="law">law</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Chicago">Chicago</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="severe">severe</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="majority">majority</span>. 3. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="third">third</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="fourth">fourth</span> <span word="paragraphs">paragraphs</span> <span word="suggest">suggest</span> <span word="that">that</span> ________. [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="the">the</span> <span word="League">League</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Cities">Cities</span> <span word="and">and</span> 31 <span word="states">states</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="Chicago">Chicago</span> <span word="officials">officials</span> [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="the">the</span> <span word="injunctions">injunctions</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="cities">cities</span> <span word="brought">brought</span> <span word="back">back</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="safety">safety</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="street">street</span> [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="California">California</span> <span word="successfully">successfully</span> <span word="starts">starts</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="battle">battle</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="gangs">gangs</span> [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="the">the</span> <span word="police">police</span> <span word="officers">officers</span> <span word="shoulder">shoulder</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="responsibility">responsibility</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="before">before</span> 4. <span word="What">What</span> <span word="does">does</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="author">author</span> <span word="mean">mean</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="means">means</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="scalpel">scalpel</span> <span word="rather">rather</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="invisible">invisible</span> <span word="mallet">mallet</span> ? [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="The">The</span> <span word="gang">gang</span> <span word="members">members</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="given">given</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="get">get</span>-<span word="tough">tough</span> <span word="attitude">attitude</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="run">run</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="The">The</span> <span word="targeted">targeted</span> <span word="gang">gang</span> <span word="members">members</span> <span word="rather">rather</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="given">given</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="get">get</span>-<span word="tough">tough</span> <span word="treatment">treatment</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>] <span word="A">A</span> <span word="scalpel">scalpel</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="cut">cut</span> <span word="off">off</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="tumors">tumors</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="society">society</span> <span word="while">while</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="invisible">invisible</span> <span word="mallet">mallet</span> <span word="fails">fails</span> <span word="to">to</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="A">A</span> <span word="scalpel">scalpel</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="powerful">powerful</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="invisible">invisible</span> <span word="mallet">mallet</span>. 5. <span word="Which">Which</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="true">true</span> <span word="according">according</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="text">text</span>? [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="Chicagos">Chicagos</span> <span word="sweeping">sweeping</span> <span word="statute">statute</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="struck">struck</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="involving">involving</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="arrests">arrests</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="Chicago">Chicago</span> <span word="officials">officials</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="maintained">maintained</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="get">get</span>-<span word="tough">tough</span> <span word="crime">crime</span> <span word="policies">policies</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="It">It</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="safe">safe</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="play">play</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="street">street</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="California">California</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="scalpel">scalpel</span> <span word="while">while</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="states">states</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="invisible">invisible</span> <span word="mallet">mallet</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="cope">cope</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="gangs">gangs</span>. 答案：<span word="ADCBD">ADCBD</span> 篇章剖析 本文采用提出问题解决问题的模式。第一段和第二段提出芝加哥因为种种原因解除了禁止闲荡法令;第三段、四段和五段针对这一问题，指出加利福尼亚的做法是非常值得借鉴的。 词汇注释 <span word="loiter">loiter</span> <span word="v">v</span>.闲荡， 虚度， 徘徊 <span word="rivet">rivet</span> <span word="v">v</span>. 吸引 <span word="disperse">disperse</span> <span word="v">v</span>.分散， 散开， 疏散 <span word="statute">statute</span> <span word="n">n</span>.法令， 条例 <span word="enforcement">enforcement</span> <span word="n">n</span>.执行， 强制 <span word="concur">concur</span> <span word="v">v</span>.同时发生 <span word="draconian">draconian</span> <span word="adj">adj</span>.严酷的，极其残酷的;十分严厉的： <span word="intimidate">intimidate</span> <span word="v">v</span>. 恐吓使胆怯;使害怕 <span word="innovative">innovative</span> <span word="adj">adj</span>.创新的， 革新的 <span word="injunction">injunction</span> <span word="n">n</span>.命令， 指令， [律]禁令 <span word="parameter">parameter</span> <span word="n">n</span>.参数， 参量， 起限定作用的因素 <span word="scalpel">scalpel</span> <span word="n">n</span>.解剖刀 <span word="mallet">mallet</span> <span word="n">n</span>.槌棒 难句突破 1.<span word="Chicago">Chicago</span> <span word="officials">officials</span>， <span word="along">along</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="League">League</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Cities">Cities</span> <span word="and">and</span> 31 <span word="states">states</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="sided">sided</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="court">court</span>， <span word="might">might</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="look">look</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="state">state</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="anti">anti</span>-<span word="gang">gang</span> <span word="loitering">loitering</span> <span word="prosecutions">prosecutions</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="withstood">withstood</span> <span word="constitutional">constitutional</span> <span word="challenges">challenges</span>： <span word="California">California</span>. 主体结构：<span word="Chicago">Chicago</span> <span word="officials">officials</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="look">look</span> <span word="at">at</span> 结构分析：<span word="along">along</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="League">League</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Cities">Cities</span> <span word="and">and</span> 31 <span word="states">states</span>在句子中做伴随状语，其中<span word="that">that</span>又引导定语从句进行修饰;主句中<span word="where">where</span>又引导从句来修饰<span word="state">state</span>. 句子翻译：只要芝加哥官员以及那些在法庭上支持他们的城市联盟和31个州去看看那个州加州的情况就可以处理好他们的问题。加州的反犯罪集团闲荡起诉案已经受住了宪法的挑战。 </p>
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