2015年考研英语阅读模拟习题 (4)
<p> <span word="Picture">Picture</span>-<span word="taking">taking</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="technique">technique</span> <span word="both">both</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="reflecting">reflecting</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="objective">objective</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="expressing">expressing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="singular">singular</span> <span word="self">self</span>. <span word="Photographs">Photographs</span> <span word="depict">depict</span> <span word="objective">objective</span> <span word="realities">realities</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="already">already</span> <span word="exist">exist</span>， <span word="though">though</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="camera">camera</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="disclose">disclose</span> <span word="them">them</span>. <span word="And">And</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="depict">depict</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="individual">individual</span> <span word="photographer">photographer</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="temperament">temperament</span>， <span word="discovering">discovering</span> <span word="itself">itself</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="camera">camera</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="cropping">cropping</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="reality">reality</span>. <span word="That">That</span> <span word="is">is</span>， <span word="photography">photography</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="directly">directly</span> <span word="opposite">opposite</span> <span word="ideals">ideals</span>： <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span>， <span word="photography">photography</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="photographer">photographer</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="mere">mere</span> <span word="observer">observer</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="counts">counts</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="little">little</span>; <span word="but">but</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="second">second</span>， <span word="photography">photography</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="instrument">instrument</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="fearlessness">fearlessness</span>， <span word="questing">questing</span> <span word="subjectivity">subjectivity</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="photographer">photographer</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="all">all</span>. <span word="These">These</span> <span word="conflicting">conflicting</span> <span word="ideals">ideals</span> <span word="arise">arise</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="uneasiness">uneasiness</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="part">part</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="both">both</span> <span word="photographers">photographers</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="viewers">viewers</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="photographs">photographs</span> <span word="toward">toward</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="aggressive">aggressive</span> <span word="component">component</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="taking">taking</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="picture">picture</span>. <span word="Accordingly">Accordingly</span>， <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ideal">ideal</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="photographer">photographer</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="observer">observer</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="attracting">attracting</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="implicitly">implicitly</span> <span word="denies">denies</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="picture">picture</span>-<span word="taking">taking</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="aggressive">aggressive</span> <span word="act">act</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="issue">issue</span>， <span word="of">of</span> <span word="course">course</span>， <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="clear">clear</span>-<span word="cut">cut</span>. <span word="What">What</span> <span word="photographers">photographers</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="characterized">characterized</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="simply">simply</span> <span word="predatory">predatory</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="simply">simply</span>， <span word="and">and</span> <span word="essentially">essentially</span>， <span word="benevolent">benevolent</span>. <span word="As">As</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="consequence">consequence</span>， <span word="one">one</span> <span word="ideal">ideal</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="picture">picture</span>-<span word="taking">taking</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="rediscovered">rediscovered</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="championed">championed</span>. <span word="An">An</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="result">result</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="coexistence">coexistence</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="ideals">ideals</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="recurrent">recurrent</span> <span word="ambivalence">ambivalence</span> <span word="toward">toward</span> <span word="photography">photography</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="means">means</span>. <span word="Whatever">Whatever</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="claims">claims</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="photography">photography</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="form">form</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="personal">personal</span> <span word="expression">expression</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="painting">painting</span>， <span word="its">its</span> <span word="originality">originality</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="closely">closely</span> <span word="linked">linked</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="power">power</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="machine">machine</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="steady">steady</span> <span word="growth">growth</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="powers">powers</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="possible">possible</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="extraordinary">extraordinary</span> <span word="informativeness">informativeness</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="imaginative">imaginative</span> <span word="formal">formal</span> <span word="beauty">beauty</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="photographs">photographs</span>， <span word="like">like</span> <span word="Harold">Harold</span> <span word="Edgerton">Edgerton</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="high">high</span>-<span word="speed">speed</span> <span word="photographs">photographs</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="bullet">bullet</span> <span word="hitting">hitting</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="target">target</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="swirls">swirls</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="eddies">eddies</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="tennis">tennis</span> <span word="stroke">stroke</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="cameras">cameras</span> <span word="become">become</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="sophisticated">sophisticated</span>， <span word="more">more</span> <span word="automated">automated</span>， <span word="some">some</span> <span word="photographers">photographers</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="tempted">tempted</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="disarm">disarm</span> <span word="themselves">themselves</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="suggest">suggest</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="really">really</span> <span word="armed">armed</span>， <span word="preferring">preferring</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="submit">submit</span> <span word="themselves">themselves</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="limit">limit</span> <span word="imposed">imposed</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="pre">pre</span>-<span word="modern">modern</span> <span word="camera">camera</span> <span word="technology">technology</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="cruder">cruder</span>， <span word="less">less</span> <span word="high">high</span>-<span word="powered">powered</span> <span word="machine">machine</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="thought">thought</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="give">give</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="interesting">interesting</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="emotive">emotive</span> <span word="results">results</span>， <span word="to">to</span> <span word="leave">leave</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="room">room</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="creative">creative</span> <span word="accident">accident</span>. <span word="For">For</span> <span word="example">example</span>， <span word="it">it</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="virtually">virtually</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="point">point</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="honor">honor</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="photographers">photographers</span>， <span word="including">including</span> <span word="Walker">Walker</span> <span word="Evans">Evans</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Cartier">Cartier</span> <span word="Bresson">Bresson</span>， <span word="to">to</span> <span word="refuse">refuse</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="modern">modern</span> <span word="equipment">equipment</span>. <span word="These">These</span> <span word="photographers">photographers</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="doubt">doubt</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="value">value</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="camera">camera</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="instrument">instrument</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="fast">fast</span> <span word="seeing">seeing</span>。 <span word="Cartier">Cartier</span> <span word="Bresson">Bresson</span>， <span word="in">in</span> <span word="fact">fact</span>， <span word="claims">claims</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="modern">modern</span> <span word="camera">camera</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="fast">fast</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="ambivalence">ambivalence</span> <span word="toward">toward</span> <span word="photographic">photographic</span> <span word="means">means</span> <span word="determines">determines</span> <span word="trends">trends</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="taste">taste</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="cult">cult</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="future">future</span> <span word="alternates">alternates</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="wish">wish</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="return">return</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="purer">purer</span> <span word="past">past</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="images">images</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="handmade">handmade</span> <span word="quality">quality</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="longing">longing</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="primitive">primitive</span> <span word="state">state</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="photographic">photographic</span> <span word="enterprise">enterprise</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="currently">currently</span> <span word="widespread">widespread</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="underlies">underlies</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="present">present</span>-<span word="day">day</span> <span word="enthusiasm">enthusiasm</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="daguerreotypes">daguerreotypes</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="forgotten">forgotten</span> <span word="nineteenth">nineteenth</span>-<span word="century">century</span> <span word="provincial">provincial</span> <span word="photographers">photographers</span>. <span word="Photographers">Photographers</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="viewers">viewers</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="photographs">photographs</span>， <span word="it">it</span> <span word="seems">seems</span>， <span word="need">need</span> <span word="periodically">periodically</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="resist">resist</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="own">own</span> <span word="knowingness">knowingness</span>. <span word="Notes">Notes</span>： <span word="crop">crop</span> <span word="vt">vt</span>. 播种，修剪，收割。<span word="count">count</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="little">little</span> 无关紧要。<span word="predatory">predatory</span> 掠夺成性的。<span word="champion">champion</span> <span word="n">n</span>. 冠军;<span word="vt">vt</span>. 支持。<span word="benevolent">benevolent</span>好心肠的，行善的。<span word="ambivalence">ambivalence</span> 矛盾心理。<span word="make">make</span> 似乎要： <span word="He">He</span> <span word="makes">makes</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="begin">begin</span>. <span word="swirls">swirls</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="eddies">eddies</span> 漩涡。<span word="cult">cult</span>狂热崇拜。<span word="daguerreotypes">daguerreotypes</span> 银板照相法。 36. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="directly">directly</span> <span word="opposite">opposite</span> <span word="ideals">ideals</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="photography">photography</span> <span word="differ">differ</span> <span word="primarily">primarily</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="emphasis">emphasis</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="places">places</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="emotional">emotional</span> <span word="impact">impact</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="finished">finished</span> <span word="product">product</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="degree">degree</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="technical">technical</span> <span word="knowledge">knowledge</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="requires">requires</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="photographer">photographer</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="way">way</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="defines">defines</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="role">role</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="photographer">photographer</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="extent">extent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="power">power</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="requires">requires</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="photographer">photographer</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="equipment">equipment</span>. 37. <span word="According">According</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="paragraph">paragraph</span> 2， <span word="the">the</span> <span word="interest">interest</span> <span word="among">among</span> <span word="photographers">photographers</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="photography">photography</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="ideals">ideals</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="described">described</span> <span word="as">as</span> [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="steadily">steadily</span> <span word="growing">growing</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="cyclically">cyclically</span> <span word="recurring">recurring</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="continuously">continuously</span> <span word="altering">altering</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="spontaneously">spontaneously</span> <span word="occurring">occurring</span>. 38. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="text">text</span> <span word="states">states</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="photographs">photographs</span> <span word="EXCEPT">EXCEPT</span>： [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="They">They</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="display">display</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="cropped">cropped</span> <span word="reality">reality</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="They">They</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="convey">convey</span> <span word="information">information</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="They">They</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="depict">depict</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="photographer">photographer</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="temperament">temperament</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="They">They</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="change">change</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="viewer">viewer</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="sensibilities">sensibilities</span>. 39. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="author">author</span> <span word="mentions">mentions</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Harold">Harold</span> <span word="Edgerton">Edgerton</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="order">order</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="provide">provide</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="example">example</span> <span word="of">of</span> [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="the">the</span> <span word="relationship">relationship</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="photographic">photographic</span> <span word="originality">originality</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="technology">technology</span>. [ <span word="B">B</span>]<span word="how">how</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="content">content</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="photographs">photographs</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="changed">changed</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="nineteenth">nineteenth</span> <span word="century">century</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="twentieth">twentieth</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="the">the</span> <span word="popularity">popularity</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="high">high</span>-<span word="speed">speed</span> <span word="photography">photography</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="twentieth">twentieth</span> <span word="century">century</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="how">how</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="controlled">controlled</span> <span word="ambivalence">ambivalence</span> <span word="toward">toward</span> <span word="photography">photography</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="means">means</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="produce">produce</span> <span word="outstanding">outstanding</span> <span word="pictures">pictures</span>. 40. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="author">author</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="primarily">primarily</span> <span word="concerned">concerned</span> <span word="with">with</span> [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="describing">describing</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="photographers">photographers</span> <span word="individual">individual</span> <span word="temperaments">temperaments</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="reflected">reflected</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="work">work</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="establishing">establishing</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="technical">technical</span> <span word="standards">standards</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="contemporary">contemporary</span> <span word="photography">photography</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="analyzing">analyzing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="influence">influence</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="photographic">photographic</span> <span word="ideals">ideals</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="picture">picture</span>-<span word="taking">taking</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="explaining">explaining</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="technical">technical</span> <span word="limitations">limitations</span> <span word="affect">affect</span> <span word="photographers">photographers</span> <span word="work">work</span>.</p>
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