2015年考研英语阅读习题演练 (6)
<p> <span word="President">President</span> <span word="Arling">Arling</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="put">put</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="awaited">awaited</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="restructuring">restructuring</span> <span word="program">program</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Congress">Congress</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="provides">provides</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="coordinated">coordinated</span> <span word="program">program</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="investment">investment</span> <span word="credits">credits</span>， <span word="research">research</span> <span word="grants">grants</span>， <span word="education">education</span> <span word="reforms">reforms</span>， <span word="and">and</span> <span word="tax">tax</span> <span word="changes">changes</span> <span word="designed">designed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="industry">industry</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="competitive">competitive</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="necessary">necessary</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="reverse">reverse</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="slide">slide</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="unemployment">unemployment</span>， <span word="lack">lack</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="growth">growth</span>， <span word="and">and</span> <span word="trade">trade</span> <span word="deficits">deficits</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="plagued">plagued</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="economy">economy</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span> <span word="six">six</span> <span word="years">years</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="liberal">liberal</span> <span word="wing">wing</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Presidents">Presidents</span> <span word="party">party</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="stronger">stronger</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="direct">direct</span> <span word="action">action</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="incomes">incomes</span> <span word="policy">policy</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="check">check</span> <span word="inflation">inflation</span> <span word="while">while</span> <span word="federal">federal</span> <span word="financing">financing</span> <span word="helps">helps</span> <span word="rebuild">rebuild</span> <span word="industry">industry</span> <span word="behind">behind</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="wall">wall</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="protective">protective</span> <span word="tariffs">tariffs</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Republicans">Republicans</span>， <span word="however">however</span>， <span word="decry">decry</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="modest">modest</span>， <span word="graduated">graduated</span> <span word="tax">tax</span> <span word="increases">increases</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Presidents">Presidents</span> <span word="program">program</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="tax">tax</span> <span word="cuts">cuts</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="open">open</span> <span word="market">market</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="federal">federal</span> <span word="money">money</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="injected">injected</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="economy">economy</span>， <span word="let">let</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="defence">defence</span> <span word="spending">spending</span>. <span word="Both">Both</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="alternatives">alternatives</span> <span word="ignore">ignore</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="unique">unique</span> <span word="nature">nature</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="problem">problem</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="us">us</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="simply">simply</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="matter">matter</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="markets">markets</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="financing">financing</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="technology">technology</span> <span word="allows">allows</span> <span word="vastly">vastly</span> <span word="increased">increased</span> <span word="production">production</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="able">able</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="master">master</span> <span word="it">it</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="threatens">threatens</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="fail">fail</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="adopt">adopt</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="permanent">permanent</span> <span word="second">second</span>-<span word="class">class</span> <span word="citizenship">citizenship</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="economy">economy</span>. <span word="If">If</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="industry">industry</span> <span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="lever">lever</span> <span word="itself">itself</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="leading">leading</span> <span word="stage">stage</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="technological">technological</span> <span word="advances">advances</span>， <span word="then">then</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="able">able</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="compete">compete</span> <span word="effectively">effectively</span>. <span word="If">If</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="this">this</span>， <span word="no">no</span> <span word="amount">amount</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="protectionism">protectionism</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="access">access</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="foreign">foreign</span> <span word="markets">markets</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="keep">keep</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="profitable">profitable</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="long">long</span>. <span word="Without">Without</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="profits">profits</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="experience">experience</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="technological">technological</span> <span word="excellence">excellence</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="reinvest">reinvest</span>， <span word="that">that</span> <span word="industry">industry</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="fall">fall</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="further">further</span> <span word="behind">behind</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="foreign">foreign</span> <span word="competitors">competitors</span>. <span word="So">So</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="crux">crux</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="technology">technology</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Presidents">Presidents</span> <span word="program">program</span> <span word="focused">focused</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="danger">danger</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="plan">plan</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="passed">passed</span>， <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ideologues">ideologues</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="right">right</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="left">left</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="distort">distort</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bill">bill</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="amendments">amendments</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="blur">blur</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="focus">focus</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="technology">technology</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="restructuring">restructuring</span> <span word="plan">plan</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="passed">passed</span> <span word="intact">intact</span>. <span word="If">If</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="fail">fail</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="restructure">restructure</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="economy">economy</span> <span word="now">now</span>， <span word="we">we</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="second">second</span> <span word="chance">chance</span>. 1.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="focus">focus</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Presidents">Presidents</span> <span word="program">program</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="on">on</span> [<span word="A">A</span>] <span word="investment">investment</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>] <span word="economy">economy</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>] <span word="technology">technology</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>] <span word="tax">tax</span>. 2.<span word="What">What</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="requirement">requirement</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="liberal">liberal</span> <span word="wing">wing</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Democratic">Democratic</span>-<span word="party">party</span>? [<span word="A">A</span>] <span word="They">They</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="direct">direct</span> <span word="action">action</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>] <span word="They">They</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="incomes">incomes</span> <span word="policy">policy</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="check">check</span> <span word="inflation">inflation</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>] <span word="They">They</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="rebuild">rebuild</span> <span word="industry">industry</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>] <span word="They">They</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="wall">wall</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="protective">protective</span> <span word="tariffs">tariffs</span>. 3.<span word="What">What</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="editors">editors</span> <span word="attitude">attitude</span>? [<span word="A">A</span>] <span word="support">support</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>] <span word="distaste">distaste</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>] <span word="Disapproval">Disapproval</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>] <span word="Compromise">Compromise</span>. 4.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="danger">danger</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="plan">plan</span> <span word="lies">lies</span> <span word="in">in</span> [<span word="A">A</span>] <span word="the">the</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="parties">parties</span> <span word="objection">objection</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>] <span word="different">different</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="parties">parties</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="plan">plan</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>] <span word="its">its</span> <span word="passage">passage</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>] <span word="distortion">distortion</span>. 5.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="passage">passage</span> <span word="is">is</span> [<span word="A">A</span>] <span word="a">a</span> <span word="review">review</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>] <span word="a">a</span> <span word="preface">preface</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>] <span word="a">a</span> <span word="advertisement">advertisement</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>] <span word="an">an</span> <span word="editorial">editorial</span>. <span word="Vocabulary">Vocabulary</span> 1.<span word="reverse">reverse</span> 逆转 2.<span word="slide">slide</span> 滑坡 3.<span word="plague">plague</span> 瘟疫;折磨，困扰 4.<span word="tariff">tariff</span> 关税 5.<span word="decry">decry</span> 谴责，诋毁 6.<span word="lever">lever</span> 杠杆;用杠杆撬动 7.<span word="crux">crux</span> 症结 8.<span word="ideologue">ideologue</span> 空想家，思想家 9.<span word="intact">intact</span> 原封不动的，完整无损的 10.<span word="investment">investment</span> <span word="credit">credit</span> 投资信贷 11.<span word="research">research</span> <span word="grant">grant</span> 研究基金 难句译注 1.<span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="necessary">necessary</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="reverse">reverse</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="slide">slide</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="unemployment">unemployment</span>， <span word="lack">lack</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="growth">growth</span>， <span word="and">and</span> <span word="trade">trade</span> <span word="deficits">deficits</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="plagued">plagued</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="economy">economy</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span> <span word="six">six</span> <span word="years">years</span>. 【参考译文】这对扭转经济滑坡;滑到失业高，增长少和已经困扰经济达6年之久贸易赤字来说是必要的。 写作方法与文章大意 这是一则有关总统向国会提交的经济计划评论。作者采用对比手法来突出其计划之正确性，第一段就讲了计划的涉及面：投资、研究、教育、税收等，目的是制止经济滑坡，提高美国工业竞争力。 第二、三两段叙述了计划遭两方面的反对，总统党内的右翼要求更强硬，更直接的行动，而共和党对即使逐渐稍稍提高一点税收都予以谴责。 第四段提出两者都忽略我们面临经济问题的独特性质。它不是市场或财政问题。掌握新技术的人大量增产，而不能采用新技术的人面临在世界经济中成为二等公民的危险。工业不能达到先进水平，就不能有效地竞争，那么任何保护主义或进入外国市场都不能长期奏效。没有技术优势的经验和利润的再投资，工业经济只能依然落后于外国竞争对手。 最后一段点出总统计划的要点就是工艺技术。作者提出：要求全面通过这一重新建设计划。如果我们不能重建经济，我们可能不会有第二次机会。 答案详解 2.<span word="C">C</span> 工艺技术。最后一段第一句问题的症结就在于工艺技术，这就是总统计划的要点所在。第四段：对掌握新技术的人来说，新技术使他们大大增产，而新技术对不能掌握它的人来说，在世界经济中他们面临沦为永久性的二等公民的危险。如果不能做到这一点，那么任何政府保护主义，进入国际市场都不能有效地竞争。如果不能有技术优势的利润和经验再投资，工业只能进一步落后于国外竞争对手。这些都说明总统计划的重点再工艺技术。 <span word="A">A</span>.投资。<span word="D">D</span>.税收。只是总统计划的涉及面。<span word="B">B</span>.经济。太笼统了。 3.<span word="A">A</span> 更直接行动。第二段总统的党内几段自由翼要求更强硬、更直接行动。他们要求用收入政策来制止通货膨胀;联邦财政在关税保护下，帮助重建工业。 <span word="B">B</span>.他们需要制止通货膨胀。<span word="C">C</span>.重建工业。<span word="D">D</span>.保护关税墙。都只是他们要求中的不分内容，不完整。 4.<span word="A">A</span>支持。第四、五段集中了评论者的观点，支持的理由和论点。 <span word="B">B</span>.厌恶。<span word="C">C</span>.不赞成。<span word="D">D</span>.调和妥协。 5.<span word="D">D</span>歪曲。最后一段第二句：其危险不在于计划将不被通过，而在于左和右的思想理论家们用修正案来歪曲提案，使计划要点蒙尘模糊不清，经济重建计划应原封不动地通过。这是作者的态度，也是他所担心之处。 <span word="A">A</span>.两党的反对。<span word="B">B</span>.两党对计划的不同看法。<span word="C">C</span>.它的通过。 6.<span word="D">D</span> 社论。 <span word="A">A</span>.评论。社论也是评论的一种，但它是报纸主编所撰，常常是有关国内外大事评论。<span word="B">B</span>.前言 <span word="C">C</span>.广告</p>
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