考研英语阅读篇章之广告能扭曲你的记忆
<p> 研究人员发现，生动逼真的广告能使人产生错误的记忆。 <span word="Advertising">Advertising</span> <span word="Can">Can</span> <span word="Warp">Warp</span> <span word="Your">Your</span> <span word="Memory">Memory</span> 广告能扭曲你的记忆 <span word="May">May</span> 23, 2011 | <span word="From">From</span> <span word="US">US</span> <span word="News">News</span> <span word="World">World</span> <span word="Report">Report</span> <span word="Advertising">Advertising</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="everywhere">everywhere</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="look">look</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="along">along</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="highway">highway</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="storefronts">storefronts</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="online">online</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="funny">funny</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="poignant">poignant</span>; <span word="it">it</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="annoying">annoying</span>. <span word="New">New</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="shows">shows</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="encourage">encourage</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="recall">recall</span> <span word="things">things</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="happened">happened</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="them">them</span>. <span word="Nicole">Nicole</span> <span word="Votolato">Votolato</span> <span word="Montgomery">Montgomery</span>, <span word="an">an</span> <span word="assistant">assistant</span> <span word="professor">professor</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="marketing">marketing</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="College">College</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="William">William</span> <span word="Mary">Mary</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Williamsburg">Williamsburg</span>, <span word="Va">Va</span>., <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Priyali">Priyali</span> <span word="Rajagopal">Rajagopal</span>, <span word="an">an</span> <span word="assistant">assistant</span> <span word="professor">professor</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="marketing">marketing</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="Southern">Southern</span> <span word="Methodist">Methodist</span> <span word="University">University</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Dallas">Dallas</span>, <span word="Texas">Texas</span>, <span word="developed">developed</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="experiment">experiment</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="test">test</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="effects">effects</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="advertisements">advertisements</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="memory">memory</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="asked">asked</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="read">read</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="descriptive">descriptive</span> <span word="print">print</span> <span word="advertisement">advertisement</span> <span word="detailing">detailing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="taste">taste</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="fictional">fictional</span> <span word="popcorn">popcorn</span> <span word="product">product</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="familiar">familiar</span> <span word="brand">brand</span> <span word="name">name</span>, <span word="then">then</span> <span word="asked">asked</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="portion">portion</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="subjects">subjects</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="taste">taste</span> <span word="popcorn">popcorn</span> <span word="labeled">labeled</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fictional">fictional</span> <span word="name">name</span>. <span word="A">A</span> <span word="week">week</span> <span word="later">later</span>, <span word="those">those</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="merely">merely</span> <span word="read">read</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="detailed">detailed</span> <span word="advertisement">advertisement</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="report">report</span> <span word="eating">eating</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="popcorn">popcorn</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="actually">actually</span> <span word="ate">ate</span> <span word="it">it</span>. <span word="People">People</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="read">read</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="advertisement">advertisement</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="vivid">vivid</span> <span word="imagery">imagery</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="far">far</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="report">report</span> <span word="eating">eating</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="popcorn">popcorn</span>. <span word="What">What</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="consumers">consumers</span> <span word="falsely">falsely</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="experienced">experienced</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="advertised">advertised</span> <span word="brand">brand</span>, <span word="their">their</span> <span word="evaluations">evaluations</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="product">product</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="similar">similar</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="evaluations">evaluations</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="products">products</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="actually">actually</span> <span word="experienced">experienced</span>. <span word="That">That</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="fairly">fairly</span> <span word="unique">unique</span> <span word="finding">finding</span>, <span word="said">said</span> <span word="Montgomery">Montgomery</span>. <span word="Humans">Humans</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lot">lot</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="inaccurate">inaccurate</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="are">are</span>, <span word="said">said</span> <span word="Michael">Michael</span> <span word="Nash">Nash</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="professor">professor</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="psychology">psychology</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="University">University</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Tennessee">Tennessee</span> - <span word="Knoxville">Knoxville</span>. <span word="He">He</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="phenomenon">phenomenon</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="false">false</span> <span word="memories">memories</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="well">well</span>-<span word="known">known</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="psychology">psychology</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="interesting">interesting</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="extends">extends</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="concept">concept</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="marketing">marketing</span>. <span word="Anyone">Anyone</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="watches">watches</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Super">Super</span> <span word="Bowl">Bowl</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="Mad">Mad</span> <span word="Men">Men</span> <span word="probably">probably</span> <span word="suspects">suspects</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="advertisers">advertisers</span> <span word="put">put</span> <span word="plenty">plenty</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="effort">effort</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="style">style</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="substance">substance</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="pitches">pitches</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="addition">addition</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="researching">researching</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="effectiveness">effectiveness</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="efforts">efforts</span>. <span word="I">I</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="advertisers">advertisers</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="benefits">benefits</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="using">using</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="vivid">vivid</span> <span word="ads">ads</span>, <span word="said">said</span> <span word="Montgomery">Montgomery</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="don">don</span> <span word="t">t</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="extent">extent</span> <span word="advertisers">advertisers</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="aware">aware</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fact">fact</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="ads">ads</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="impact">impact</span> <span word="memory">memory</span>. <span word="Nash">Nash</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="stretch">stretch</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="connect">connect</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="false">false</span> <span word="memory">memory</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="popcorn">popcorn</span> <span word="brand">brand</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="decision">decision</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="purchase">purchase</span> <span word="it">it</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="another">another</span> <span word="thing">thing</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="tie">tie</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="effect">effect</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="actual">actual</span> <span word="behavior">behavior</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span>, <span word="buying">buying</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="popcorn">popcorn</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="said">said</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="replaced">replaced</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="well">well</span>-<span word="known">known</span> <span word="brand">brand</span> <span word="name">name</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="something">something</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="invented">invented</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="kept">kept</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="product">product</span> <span word="name">name</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="vivid">vivid</span> <span word="advertisement">advertisement</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="lesser">lesser</span> <span word="effect">effect</span>. <span word="Our">Our</span> <span word="intent">intent</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="really">really</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="educate">educate</span> <span word="consumers">consumers</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="need">need</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="vigilant">vigilant</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="re">re</span> <span word="processing">processing</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="imagery">imagery</span> <span word="ads">ads</span>, <span word="because">because</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="vivid">vivid</span> <span word="ads">ads</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="create">create</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="false">false</span> <span word="memories">memories</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="product">product</span> <span word="experience">experience</span>, <span word="said">said</span> <span word="Montgomery">Montgomery</span>.</p>
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