2014年考研英语一真题详解阅读理解text1
<p> <span word="In">In</span> <span word="order">order</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="change">change</span> <span word="lives">lives</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="better">better</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="reduce">reduce</span> <span word="dependency">dependency</span> <span word="George">George</span> <span word="Osborne">Osborne</span>， <span word="Chancellor">Chancellor</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Exchequer">Exchequer</span>， <span word="introduced">introduced</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="upfront">upfront</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="search">search</span> <span word="scheme">scheme</span>. <span word="Only">Only</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="jobless">jobless</span> <span word="arrive">arrive</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="job">job</span> <span word="centre">centre</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="CV">CV</span>， <span word="register">register</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="online">online</span> <span word="job">job</span> <span word="search">search</span>， <span word="and">and</span> <span word="start">start</span> <span word="looking">looking</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="eligible">eligible</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="benefit">benefit</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="then">then</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="report">report</span> <span word="weekly">weekly</span> <span word="rather">rather</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="fortnightly">fortnightly</span>. <span word="What">What</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="reasonable">reasonable</span>？ <span word="More">More</span> <span word="apparent">apparent</span> <span word="reasonableness">reasonableness</span> <span word="followed">followed</span>. <span word="There">There</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="seven">seven</span>-<span word="day">day</span> <span word="wait">wait</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="jobseekers">jobseekers</span> <span word="allowance">allowance</span>. <span word="Those">Those</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="days">days</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="spent">spent</span> <span word="looking">looking</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="work">work</span>， <span word="not">not</span> <span word="looking">looking</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="sign">sign</span> <span word="on">on</span>. <span word="he">he</span> <span word="claimed">claimed</span>. <span word="Were">Were</span> <span word="doing">doing</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="things">things</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="stay">stay</span> <span word="off">off</span> <span word="benefits">benefits</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="benefits">benefits</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="faster">faster</span>. <span word="Help">Help</span>？ <span word="Really">Really</span>？ <span word="On">On</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="hearing">hearing</span>， <span word="this">this</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="socially">socially</span> <span word="concerned">concerned</span> <span word="chancellor">chancellor</span>， <span word="trying">trying</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="change">change</span> <span word="lives">lives</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="better">better</span>， <span word="complete">complete</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="reforms">reforms</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="obviously">obviously</span> <span word="indulgent">indulgent</span> <span word="system">system</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="demands">demands</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="effort">effort</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="newly">newly</span> <span word="unemployed">unemployed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="find">find</span> <span word="work">work</span>， <span word="and">and</span> <span word="subsidises">subsidises</span> <span word="laziness">laziness</span>. <span word="What">What</span> <span word="motivated">motivated</span> <span word="him">him</span>， <span word="we">we</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="understand">understand</span>， <span word="was">was</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="zeal">zeal</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="fundamental">fundamental</span> <span word="fairness">fairness</span> <span word="protecting">protecting</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="taxpayer">taxpayer</span>， <span word="controlling">controlling</span> <span word="spending">spending</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="ensuring">ensuring</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="deserving">deserving</span> <span word="claimants">claimants</span> <span word="received">received</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="benefits">benefits</span>. <span word="Losing">Losing</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="job">job</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="hurting">hurting</span>： <span word="you">you</span> <span word="dont">dont</span> <span word="skip">skip</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="jobcentre">jobcentre</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="song">song</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="heart">heart</span>， <span word="delighted">delighted</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="prospect">prospect</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="doubling">doubling</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="income">income</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="generous">generous</span> <span word="state">state</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="financially">financially</span> <span word="terrifying">terrifying</span>， <span word="psychologically">psychologically</span> <span word="embarrassing">embarrassing</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="support">support</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="minimal">minimal</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="extraordinarily">extraordinarily</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span>. <span word="You">You</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="wanted">wanted</span>； <span word="you">you</span> <span word="support">support</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="minimal">minimal</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="extraordinarily">extraordinarily</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span>. <span word="You">You</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="wanted">wanted</span>； <span word="you">you</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="excluded">excluded</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="environment">environment</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="offers">offers</span> <span word="purpose">purpose</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="structure">structure</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="life">life</span>. <span word="Worse">Worse</span>， <span word="the">the</span> <span word="crucial">crucial</span> <span word="income">income</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="feed">feed</span> <span word="yourself">yourself</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="family">family</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="pay">pay</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bills">bills</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="disappeared">disappeared</span>. <span word="Ask">Ask</span> <span word="anyone">anyone</span> <span word="newly">newly</span> <span word="unemployed">unemployed</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="answer">answer</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="always">always</span>： <span word="a">a</span> <span word="job">job</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Osborneland">Osborneland</span>， <span word="your">your</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="instinct">instinct</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="fall">fall</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="dependency">dependency</span><span word="permanent">permanent</span> <span word="dependency">dependency</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="it">it</span><span word="supported">supported</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="state">state</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="ready">ready</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="indulge">indulge</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="falsehood">falsehood</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="though">though</span> 20 <span word="years">years</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="ever">ever</span>-<span word="tougher">tougher</span> <span word="reforms">reforms</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="job">job</span> <span word="search">search</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="benefit">benefit</span> <span word="administration">administration</span> <span word="system">system</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="happened">happened</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="principle">principle</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="British">British</span> <span word="welfare">welfare</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="longer">longer</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="insure">insure</span> <span word="yourself">yourself</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="risk">risk</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="unemployment">unemployment</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="receive">receive</span> <span word="unconditional">unconditional</span> <span word="payments">payments</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="disaster">disaster</span> <span word="happens">happens</span>. <span word="Even">Even</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="phrase">phrase</span> <span word="jobseekers">jobseekers</span> <span word="allowance">allowance</span><span word="invented">invented</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1996<span word="is">is</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="redefining">redefining</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="unemployed">unemployed</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="jobseeker">jobseeker</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="mandatory">mandatory</span> <span word="right">right</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="benefit">benefit</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="earned">earned</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="making">making</span> <span word="national">national</span> <span word="insurance">insurance</span> <span word="contributions">contributions</span>. <span word="Instead">Instead</span>， <span word="the">the</span> <span word="claimant">claimant</span> <span word="receives">receives</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="time">time</span>-<span word="limited">limited</span> <span word="allowance">allowance</span>， <span word="conditional">conditional</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="actively">actively</span> <span word="seeking">seeking</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="job">job</span>； <span word="no">no</span> <span word="entitlement">entitlement</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="insurance">insurance</span>， <span word="at">at</span> ￡71.70 <span word="a">a</span> <span word="week">week</span>， <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="least">least</span> <span word="generous">generous</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="EU">EU</span>. 21. <span word="George">George</span> <span word="Osbornes">Osbornes</span> <span word="scheme">scheme</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="intended">intended</span> <span word="to">to</span>____________. [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="provide">provide</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="unemployed">unemployed</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="easier">easier</span> <span word="access">access</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="benefits">benefits</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="encourage">encourage</span> <span word="jobseekers">jobseekers</span> <span word="active">active</span> <span word="engagement">engagement</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="job">job</span> <span word="seeking">seeking</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="motivate">motivate</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="unemployed">unemployed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="report">report</span> <span word="voluntarily">voluntarily</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="guarantee">guarantee</span> <span word="jobseekers">jobseekers</span> <span word="legitimate">legitimate</span> <span word="right">right</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="benefits">benefits</span>. 22. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="phrase">phrase</span>， <span word="to">to</span> <span word="sign">sign</span> <span word="on">on</span> （<span word="Line">Line</span> 3， <span word="Para">Para</span>. 2） <span word="most">most</span> <span word="probably">probably</span> <span word="means">means</span>________. [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="to">to</span> <span word="check">check</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="availability">availability</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="jobs">jobs</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="jobcentre">jobcentre</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="to">to</span> <span word="accept">accept</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="governments">governments</span> <span word="restrictions">restrictions</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="allowance">allowance</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="to">to</span> <span word="register">register</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="allowance">allowance</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="government">government</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="to">to</span> <span word="attend">attend</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="governmental">governmental</span> <span word="job">job</span>-<span word="training">training</span> <span word="program">program</span>. 23. <span word="What">What</span> <span word="prompted">prompted</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="chancellor">chancellor</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="develop">develop</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="scheme">scheme</span>？ [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="A">A</span> <span word="desire">desire</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="secure">secure</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="better">better</span> <span word="life">life</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="all">all</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="An">An</span> <span word="eagerness">eagerness</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="protect">protect</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="unemployed">unemployed</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="An">An</span> <span word="urge">urge</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="generous">generous</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="claimants">claimants</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="A">A</span> <span word="passion">passion</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="ensure">ensure</span> <span word="fairness">fairness</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="taxpayers">taxpayers</span>. 24. <span word="According">According</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Paragraph">Paragraph</span> 3， <span word="being">being</span> <span word="unemployed">unemployed</span> <span word="makes">makes</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="feel">feel</span>______. [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="uneasy">uneasy</span> [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="enraged">enraged</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="insulted">insulted</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="guilty">guilty</span>. 25. <span word="To">To</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="author">author</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="probably">probably</span> <span word="agree">agree</span>？ [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="The">The</span> <span word="British">British</span> <span word="welfare">welfare</span> <span word="system">system</span> <span word="indulges">indulges</span> <span word="jobseekers">jobseekers</span> <span word="laziness">laziness</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="Osbornes">Osbornes</span> <span word="reforms">reforms</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="reduce">reduce</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="risk">risk</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="unemployment">unemployment</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="The">The</span> <span word="jobseekers">jobseekers</span> <span word="allowance">allowance</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="met">met</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="actual">actual</span> <span word="needs">needs</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="Unemployment">Unemployment</span> <span word="benefits">benefits</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="conditional">conditional</span>. 【参考答案】21、<span word="B">B</span> 22、<span word="C">C</span> 23、<span word="A">A</span> 24、<span word="A">A</span> 25、<span word="B">B</span> 【主要内容】本文主要是鼓励失业人员积极找工作，而不是靠政府的救济。</p>
页:
[1]