2015考研英语阅读精读方法简介
<p> 摘要：2015年考研英语阅读精读方法简介：很多同学都听说过一种提高英语阅读能力行之有效的方法精读，但却苦于只知道这两个字，不知道精读是读什么、怎么读。下面老师就以今年新出炉的2014翻译部分第一段为例来为大家介绍我们精读的内容和方法。 ①<span word="Most">Most</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="define">define</span> <span word="optimism">optimism</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="endlessly">endlessly</span> <span word="happy">happy</span>, <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="glass">glass</span> <span word="thats">thats</span> <span word="perpetually">perpetually</span> <span word="half">half</span> <span word="full">full</span>. ②<span word="But">But</span> <span word="thats">thats</span> <span word="exactly">exactly</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="kind">kind</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="false">false</span> <span word="cheerfulness">cheerfulness</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="positive">positive</span> <span word="psychologists">psychologists</span> <span word="wouldnt">wouldnt</span> <span word="recommend">recommend</span>. ③<span word="Healthy">Healthy</span> <span word="optimism">optimism</span> <span word="means">means</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="touch">touch</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="reality">reality</span>, <span word="says">says</span> <span word="Tal">Tal</span> <span word="Ben">Ben</span>-<span word="Shahar">Shahar</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="Harvard">Harvard</span> <span word="professor">professor</span>. ④<span word="According">According</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Ben">Ben</span>-<span word="Shahar">Shahar</span>, <span word="realistic">realistic</span> <span word="optimists">optimists</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="things">things</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="happen">happen</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="everything">everything</span> <span word="happens">happens</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="best">best</span>. 精读的内容：以句子为单位，把句式、句中表达和每个词或词组都要弄得清清楚楚、明明白白，最好把相关词或词组的用法也都弄清楚。 精读的方法：以具体句子为例，为大家进行讲解。 第① 句：先看句子整体结构，句子整体由<span word="defineas">defineas</span>这个表达支撑起来, <span word="with">with</span>引导的是一个补充修饰成分，修饰<span word="being">being</span> <span word="endlessly">endlessly</span> <span word="happy">happy</span>, 表示怀着、带着。词汇：<span word="optimismn">optimismn</span>. 乐观主义，词根<span word="optim">optim</span>+<span word="ism">ism</span> --- 反义：<span word="pessimism">pessimism</span> 悲观主义 相关单词：同根词 <span word="optimize">optimize</span> <span word="vt">vt</span>. 使完善、使最优化、充分利用 <span word="optimist">optimist</span> ---反义：<span word="pessimist">pessimist</span> 悲观的人 <span word="optimistic">optimistic</span> 乐观的---反义：<span word="pessimistic">pessimistic</span> 悲观的 <span word="optimistically">optimistically</span> <span word="adv">adv</span>.乐观地----反义：<span word="pessimistically">pessimistically</span> 悲观地 <span word="perpetually">perpetually</span>永久地、接连不断地，是<span word="perpetual">perpetual</span> 的副词形式。 <span word="glass">glass</span>在这里是可数名词，所以一定不是玻璃，应该是杯子。 参考译文：大多数人会将乐观主义定义为无尽的欢乐，总觉得杯子里有一半是满的。 第② 句：先看句子整体结构，主句句式：<span word="But">But</span> <span word="thats">thats</span> <span word="exactly">exactly</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="kind">kind</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="false">false</span> <span word="cheerfulness">cheerfulness</span>,<span word="that">that</span> <span word="recommend">recommend</span>引导的是<span word="the">the</span> <span word="kind">kind</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="false">false</span> <span word="cheerfulness">cheerfulness</span>的定语从句。 词汇：<span word="cheerfulness">cheerfulness</span>快乐、高兴，<span word="false">false</span>在此处一定是虚假的，因为快乐无所谓正确的还是错误的。<span word="exactly">exactly</span>在句中主要起强调作用。 <span word="recommend">recommend</span>建议、介绍，在此处与<span word="advocate">advocate</span>同义。 参考译文： 但这正是不为积极心理学家提倡的虚假快乐。 第③ 句：先看句子整体结构。本句的基本句式是某人说，把说话人放在后面，直接引语放在了前面。 词汇：<span word="be">be</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="touch">touch</span> <span word="with">with</span>与相联系 <span word="reality">reality</span>现实，实际情况 参考译文：健康的乐观主义意味着要联系现实，哈佛大学教授本-沙哈尔说道。 第④ 句：先看句子整体结构。整体句式<span word="realistic">realistic</span> <span word="optimists">optimists</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="those">those</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="those">those</span>..，是由连词<span word="but">but</span>连接的两个并列分句。 <span word="who">who</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="things">things</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="happen">happen</span>是第一个<span word="those">those</span>的限制性定语从句，<span word="who">who</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="everything">everything</span> <span word="happens">happens</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="best">best</span>是第二个<span word="those">those</span>的限制性定语从句，其中<span word="everything">everything</span> <span word="happens">happens</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="best">best</span>是<span word="believe">believe</span>的宾语从句。 参考译文：据本-沙哈尔说，现实的乐观主义者使事情圆满，而不是认为事情会自己圆满。 从以上老师为大家做的精读导学，大家可以看到，我们精读是从宏观到微观的一个分析流程。一篇文章和一个段落的分析方法是类似的，即先通读全文，然后再按照段落、句子、词组的顺序抽丝剥茧、去逐个分析。不仅要掌握文章中的词汇，还要掌握核心词汇的同根词和近、反义词。</p>
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