2014年考研英语阅读理解冲刺真题解析(二)
<p> <span word="Being">Being</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="dangerous">dangerous</span>. <span word="There">There</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="about">about</span> 105 <span word="malesborn">malesborn</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="every">every</span> 100 <span word="females">females</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="ratio">ratio</span> <span word="drops">drops</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="near">near</span> <span word="balance">balance</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="age">age</span> <span word="ofmaturity">ofmaturity</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="among">among</span> 70-<span word="year">year</span>-<span word="olds">olds</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="twice">twice</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="men">men</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="thegreat">thegreat</span> <span word="universal">universal</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="male">male</span> <span word="mortality">mortality</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="changed">changed</span>. <span word="Now">Now</span>, <span word="boy">boy</span> <span word="babies">babies</span> <span word="survivealmost">survivealmost</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="girls">girls</span> <span word="do">do</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="means">means</span> <span word="that">that</span>, <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="time">time</span>, <span word="there">there</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="bean">bean</span> <span word="excess">excess</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="boys">boys</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="crucial">crucial</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="searching">searching</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="mate">mate</span>.<span word="More">More</span> <span word="important">important</span>, <span word="another">another</span> <span word="chance">chance</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="natural">natural</span> <span word="selection">selection</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="removed">removed</span>. <span word="Fiftyyears">Fiftyyears</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="chance">chance</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="baby">baby</span> <span word="surviving">surviving</span> <span word="depended">depended</span> <span word="onits">onits</span> <span word="weight">weight</span>. <span word="A">A</span> <span word="kilogram">kilogram</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="light">light</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="heavy">heavy</span> <span word="meant">meant</span> <span word="almost">almost</span> <span word="certain">certain</span> <span word="death">death</span>. <span word="Todayit">Todayit</span> <span word="makes">makes</span> <span word="almost">almost</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="difference">difference</span>. <span word="Since">Since</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="variation">variation</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="due">due</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="genes">genes</span>, <span word="onemore">onemore</span> <span word="agent">agent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="evolution">evolution</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="gone">gone</span>. <span word="There">There</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="another">another</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="commit">commit</span> <span word="evolutionary">evolutionary</span> <span word="suicide">suicide</span>: <span word="stay">stay</span> <span word="alive">alive</span>, <span word="buthave">buthave</span> <span word="fewer">fewer</span> <span word="children">children</span>. <span word="Few">Few</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="fertile">fertile</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span>. <span word="Except">Except</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="somereligious">somereligious</span> <span word="communities">communities</span>, <span word="very">very</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="have">have</span> 15 <span word="children">children</span>. <span word="Nowadays">Nowadays</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="ofbirths">ofbirths</span>, <span word="like">like</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="age">age</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="death">death</span>, <span word="has">has</span> <span word="become">become</span> <span word="average">average</span>. <span word="Most">Most</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="roughly">roughly</span> <span word="thesame">thesame</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="offspring">offspring</span>. <span word="Again">Again</span>, <span word="differences">differences</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="opportunityfor">opportunityfor</span> <span word="natural">natural</span> <span word="selection">selection</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="advantage">advantage</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="diminished">diminished</span>. <span word="India">India</span> <span word="shows">shows</span> <span word="whatis">whatis</span> <span word="happening">happening</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="country">country</span> <span word="offers">offers</span> <span word="wealth">wealth</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="cities">cities</span> <span word="andpoverty">andpoverty</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="remaining">remaining</span> <span word="tribal">tribal</span> <span word="peoples">peoples</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="grand">grand</span> <span word="mediocrity">mediocrity</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="today">today</span>―<span word="everyonebeing">everyonebeing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="survival">survival</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="offspring">offspring</span> <span word="means">means</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="natural">natural</span> <span word="selectionhas">selectionhas</span> <span word="lost">lost</span> 80% <span word="of">of</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="power">power</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="upper">upper</span>-<span word="middle">middle</span>-<span word="class">class</span> <span word="India">India</span> <span word="compared">compared</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="tribes">tribes</span>. <span word="For">For</span> <span word="us">us</span>, <span word="this">this</span> <span word="means">means</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="evolution">evolution</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="over">over</span>; <span word="the">the</span> <span word="biological">biological</span> <span word="Utopia">Utopia</span> <span word="hasarrived">hasarrived</span>. <span word="Strangely">Strangely</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="involved">involved</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="physical">physical</span> <span word="change">change</span>. <span word="No">No</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="speciesfills">speciesfills</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="places">places</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="nature">nature</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span> 100,000 <span word="yearseven">yearseven</span> <span word="thepast">thepast</span> 100 <span word="yearsour">yearsour</span> <span word="lives">lives</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="transformed">transformed</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="bodies">bodies</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="not">not</span>. <span word="We">We</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="notevolve">notevolve</span>, <span word="because">because</span> <span word="machines">machines</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="society">society</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="us">us</span>. <span word="Darwin">Darwin</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="phrase">phrase</span> <span word="todescribe">todescribe</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="ignorant">ignorant</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="evolution">evolution</span>: <span word="they">they</span> <span word="look">look</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="anorganic">anorganic</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="average">average</span> <span word="looks">looks</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="ship">ship</span>, <span word="as">as</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="something">something</span> <span word="wholly">wholly</span> <span word="beyond">beyond</span> <span word="hiscomprehension">hiscomprehension</span>. <span word="No">No</span> <span word="doubt">doubt</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="remember">remember</span> <span word="a">a</span> 20<span word="th">th</span> <span word="century">century</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="life">life</span> <span word="beyondcomprehension">beyondcomprehension</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="ugliness">ugliness</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="however">however</span> <span word="amazed">amazed</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="descendants">descendants</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="athow">athow</span> <span word="far">far</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="Utopia">Utopia</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="were">were</span>, <span word="they">they</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="look">look</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="us">us</span>. 15. <span word="What">What</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="danger">danger</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="according">according</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="firstparagraph">firstparagraph</span>? [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="A">A</span> <span word="lack">lack</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="mates">mates</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="A">A</span> <span word="fierce">fierce</span> <span word="competition">competition</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="A">A</span> <span word="lower">lower</span> <span word="survival">survival</span> <span word="rate">rate</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="A">A</span> <span word="defective">defective</span> <span word="gene">gene</span>. 16. <span word="What">What</span> <span word="does">does</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="example">example</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="India">India</span> <span word="illustrate">illustrate</span>? [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="Wealthy">Wealthy</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="tend">tend</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="fewer">fewer</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="poor">poor</span> <span word="people">people</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="Natural">Natural</span> <span word="selection">selection</span> <span word="hardly">hardly</span> <span word="works">works</span> <span word="among">among</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rich">rich</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="poor">poor</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="The">The</span> <span word="middle">middle</span> <span word="class">class</span> <span word="population">population</span> <span word="is">is</span> 80% <span word="smaller">smaller</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="thetribes">thetribes</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="India">India</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="countries">countries</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="birth">birth</span> <span word="rate">rate</span>. 17. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="author">author</span> <span word="argues">argues</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="bodies">bodies</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="stopped">stopped</span> <span word="evolvingbecause">evolvingbecause</span>____. [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="life">life</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="improved">improved</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="technological">technological</span> <span word="advance">advance</span> [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="the">the</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="female">female</span> <span word="babies">babies</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="declining">declining</span> [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="our">our</span> <span word="species">species</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="reached">reached</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="highest">highest</span> <span word="stage">stage</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="evolution">evolution</span> [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="the">the</span> <span word="difference">difference</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="wealth">wealth</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="poverty">poverty</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="disappearing">disappearing</span> 18. <span word="Which">Which</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="title">title</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="passage">passage</span>? [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="Sex">Sex</span> <span word="Ration">Ration</span> <span word="Changes">Changes</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Human">Human</span> <span word="Evolution">Evolution</span> [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="Ways">Ways</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Continuing">Continuing</span> <span word="Man">Man</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="Evolution">Evolution</span> [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="The">The</span> <span word="Evolutionary">Evolutionary</span> <span word="Future">Future</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Nature">Nature</span> [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="Human">Human</span> <span word="Evolution">Evolution</span> <span word="Going">Going</span> <span word="Nowhere">Nowhere</span></p>
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