2014年考研英语阅读理解及答案解析教育类
<p> <span word="PLIGHT">PLIGHT</span> <span word="OF">OF</span> <span word="THE">THE</span> <span word="PRESCHOOLERS">PRESCHOOLERS</span> <span word="How">How</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="beat">beat</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="odds">odds</span>? <span word="Competition">Competition</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="admission">admission</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="country">country</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="top">top</span> <span word="private">private</span> <span word="schools">schools</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="tough">tough</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="year">year</span> <span word="Elisabeth">Elisabeth</span> <span word="Krents">Krents</span> <span word="realized">realized</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="reached">reached</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="level">level</span>. <span word="Her">Her</span> <span word="wake">wake</span>-<span word="up">up</span> <span word="call">call</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Dalton">Dalton</span> <span word="School">School</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Manhattan">Manhattan</span>, <span word="where">where</span> <span word="Krents">Krents</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="admissions">admissions</span> <span word="director">director</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="inquired">inquired</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="age">age</span> <span word="cutoff">cutoff</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="kindergarten">kindergarten</span> <span word="program">program</span>. <span word="After">After</span> <span word="providing">providing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="information">information</span> , <span word="she">she</span> <span word="asked">asked</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="age">age</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="child">child</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="paused">paused</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="uncomfortably">uncomfortably</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="answering">answering</span>. <span word="Well">Well</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="don">don</span> <span word="t">t</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="child">child</span> <span word="yet">yet</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="told">told</span> <span word="Krents">Krents</span>. <span word="We">We</span> <span word="re">re</span> <span word="trying">trying</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="figure">figure</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="conceive">conceive</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="child">child</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="birthday">birthday</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="problem">problem</span>. <span word="School">School</span> <span word="obsession">obsession</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="spreading">spreading</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="Manhattan">Manhattan</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rest">rest</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="country">country</span>. <span word="Precise">Precise</span> <span word="current">current</span> <span word="data">data</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="private">private</span> <span word="schools">schools</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="unavailable">unavailable</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="interviews">interviews</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="representatives">representatives</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="independent">independent</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="religious">religious</span> <span word="schools">schools</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="told">told</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="story">story</span>: <span word="a">a</span> <span word="glut">glut</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="applicants">applicants</span>, <span word="higher">higher</span> <span word="rejection">rejection</span> <span word="rates">rates</span>. <span word="We">We</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="calling">calling</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="spots">spots</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="road">road</span>, <span word="said">said</span> <span word="Marilyn">Marilyn</span> <span word="Collins">Collins</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Seven">Seven</span> <span word="Hills">Hills</span> <span word="School">School</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Cincinnati">Cincinnati</span>. <span word="We">We</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="grandparents">grandparents</span> <span word="calling">calling</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="pregnant">pregnant</span> <span word="daughters">daughters</span>. <span word="Public">Public</span>-<span word="opinion">opinion</span> <span word="poll">poll</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="poll">poll</span> <span word="indicates">indicates</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="Americans">Americans</span> <span word="No">No</span>. 1 <span word="concern">concern</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="education">education</span>. <span word="Now">Now</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="boom">boom</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="given">given</span> <span word="parents">parents</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="disposable">disposable</span> <span word="income">income</span>, <span word="many">many</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="turning">turning</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="private">private</span> <span word="schools">schools</span>, <span word="even">even</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="price">price</span> <span word="tags">tags</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="over">over</span> $10,000 <span word="a">a</span> <span word="year">year</span>. <span word="We">We</span> <span word="re">re</span> <span word="getting">getting</span> <span word="applicants">applicants</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="broader">broader</span> <span word="area">area</span>, <span word="geographically">geographically</span>, <span word="than">than</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="ever">ever</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span>, <span word="said">said</span> <span word="Betsy">Betsy</span> <span word="Haugh">Haugh</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Latin">Latin</span> <span word="School">School</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Chicago">Chicago</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="experienced">experienced</span> <span word="a">a</span> 20 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="increase">increase</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="applications">applications</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="year">year</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="problem">problem</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="applicants">applicants</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="while">while</span> <span word="demand">demand</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="increased">increased</span>, <span word="supply">supply</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="not">not</span>. <span word="Every">Every</span> <span word="year">year</span>, <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="find">find</span> <span word="places">places</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="year">year</span>, <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="of">of</span>, <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="significant">significant</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="don">don</span> <span word="t">t</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="places">places</span>, <span word="said">said</span> <span word="Krents">Krents</span>, <span word="who">who</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="heads">heads</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="private">private</span>-<span word="school">school</span> <span word="admissions">admissions</span> <span word="group">group</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="New">New</span> <span word="York">York</span>. <span word="So">So</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="parents">parents</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="give">give</span> <span word="their">their</span> 4-<span word="year">year</span>-<span word="old">old</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="edge">edge</span>? <span word="Schools">Schools</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="foolproof">foolproof</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="pick">pick</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="class">class</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="young">young</span>. <span word="Many">Many</span> <span word="schools">schools</span> <span word="give">give</span> <span word="preference">preference</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="siblings">siblings</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="alumni">alumni</span> <span word="children">children</span>. <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="lotteries">lotteries</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="rely">rely</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="mix">mix</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="subjective">subjective</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="objective">objective</span> <span word="measures">measures</span>: <span word="tests">tests</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="identify">identify</span> <span word="developmental">developmental</span> <span word="maturity">maturity</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="cognitive">cognitive</span> <span word="potential">potential</span>, <span word="interviews">interviews</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="parents">parents</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="observation">observation</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="applicants">applicants</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="classroom">classroom</span> <span word="settings">settings</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="diverse">diverse</span> <span word="mix">mix</span>. <span word="Children">Children</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="waiting">waiting</span> <span word="list">list</span> <span word="simply">simply</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="birthdays">birthdays</span> <span word="fall">fall</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="wrong">wrong</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="year">year</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="applicants">applicants</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="boys">boys</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="worst">worst</span> <span word="thing">thing</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="parent">parent</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="pressure">pressure</span> <span word="preschoolers">preschoolers</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="perform">perform</span>--<span word="for">for</span> <span word="example">example</span>, <span word="by">by</span> <span word="pushing">pushing</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="read">read</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="math">math</span> <span word="exercises">exercises</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="re">re</span> <span word="ready">ready</span>. <span word="Instead">Instead</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="experts">experts</span> <span word="say">say</span>, <span word="parents">parents</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="breath">breath</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="look">look</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="alternatives">alternatives</span>. <span word="Another">Another</span> <span word="year">year</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="preschool">preschool</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="needed">needed</span>. <span word="Parents">Parents</span>, <span word="meanwhile">meanwhile</span>, <span word="may">may</span> <span word="need">need</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="open">open</span> <span word="mind">mind</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="relatively">relatively</span> <span word="unknown">unknown</span> <span word="private">private</span> <span word="schools">schools</span>--<span word="or">or</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="magnet">magnet</span> <span word="schools">schools</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="public">public</span> <span word="system">system</span>. <span word="There">There</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="sign">sign</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="private">private</span>-<span word="school">school</span> <span word="boom">boom</span> <span word="letting">letting</span> <span word="up">up</span>. <span word="Dalton">Dalton</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="spring">spring</span> <span word="tours">tours</span>, <span word="for">for</span> <span word="early">early</span> <span word="birds">birds</span> <span word="interested">interested</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> 2001-2002 <span word="school">school</span> <span word="year">year</span>, <span word="are">are</span> <span word="filled">filled</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="wait">wait</span> <span word="list">list</span>? <span word="Forget">Forget</span> <span word="it">it</span>. <span word="That">That</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="closed">closed</span>, <span word="too">too</span>. <span word="By">By</span> <span word="Pat">Pat</span> <span word="Wingert">Wingert</span> <span word="Newsweek">Newsweek</span>; 05/15/2000, <span word="Vol">Vol</span>. 135 <span word="Issue">Issue</span> 20, <span word="p">p</span>76, 2/3<span word="p">p</span>, 1<span word="c">c</span> 1.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="author">author</span> <span word="uses">uses</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="examples">examples</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="show">show</span> __________. [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="the">the</span> <span word="concern">concern</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Americans">Americans</span> [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="the">the</span> <span word="charm">charm</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="private">private</span> <span word="schools">schools</span> [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="the">the</span> <span word="fierce">fierce</span> <span word="situation">situation</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="preschoolers">preschoolers</span> [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="the">the</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="situation">situation</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="families">families</span> 2.<span word="What">What</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="implied">implied</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Paragraph">Paragraph</span> 4? [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="The">The</span> <span word="harsh">harsh</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="forming">forming</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="class">class</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="The">The</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="expectation">expectation</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="parents">parents</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="The">The</span> <span word="wise">wise</span> <span word="selection">selection</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="school">school</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="The">The</span> <span word="difficulty">difficulty</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="getting">getting</span> <span word="enrolled">enrolled</span>. 3.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="author">author</span><span word="s">s</span> <span word="attitude">attitude</span> <span word="toward">toward</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="event">event</span> <span word="is">is</span> __________. [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="indifferent">indifferent</span> [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="apprehensive">apprehensive</span> [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="supportive">supportive</span> [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="indignant">indignant</span> 4.<span word="Instead">Instead</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="giving">giving</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="pressure">pressure</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="outperform">outperform</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="parents">parents</span> <span word="should">should</span> ______. [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="avoid">avoid</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="competition">competition</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="wait">wait</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="another">another</span> <span word="year">year</span> [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="give">give</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="choice">choice</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="unknown">unknown</span> <span word="school">school</span> [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="let">let</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="deal">deal</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="matter">matter</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="casually">casually</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="rethink">rethink</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="situation">situation</span> 5.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="text">text</span> <span word="intends">intends</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="express">express</span> _________. [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="the">the</span> <span word="popularity">popularity</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="private">private</span> <span word="schools">schools</span> [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="parents">parents</span><span word="worry">worry</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="children">children</span><span word="s">s</span> <span word="schooling">schooling</span> [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="the">the</span> <span word="plight">plight</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="preschoolers">preschoolers</span> [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="the">the</span> <span word="severe">severe</span> <span word="competition">competition</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="school">school</span> 篇章剖析 本文采用提出问题 --- 分析问题的模式。文章以实例作为切入点，着重阐述了学龄前儿童所面临的困境。第一段和第二段指出家长对子女教育问题的关注；第三段指出儿童入学难这一现象及其原因；第四段指出一些学校的招生办法以及有些学生无法入学的原因；第五段指出父母应该怎么做。 词汇注释 <span word="wake">wake</span>-<span word="up">up</span> <span word="call">call</span> 唤醒服务，叫早服务 <span word="kindergarten">kindergarten</span> <span word="n">n</span>. 幼儿园 <span word="adj">adj</span>. 幼儿园的 , 初级的 , 启蒙阶段的 <span word="figure">figure</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="v">v</span>. 合计为 , 计算出 , 解决 , 断定 , 领会到 <span word="conceive">conceive</span> <span word="v">v</span>. 怀孕 , 考虑 , 设想 <span word="obsession">obsession</span> <span word="n">n</span>. 迷住 , 困扰 <span word="glut">glut</span> <span word="n">n</span>. 供应过剩；充斥 <span word="edge">edge</span> <span word="n">n</span>. 刀口 , 利刃 , 锋 , 优势 , 边缘 , 优势 , 尖锐 <span word="give">give</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="edge">edge</span> <span word="to">to</span> 加剧 , 使尖锐化；鼓舞 , 使兴奋；给 开刃 , 使锋利 <span word="foolproof">foolproof</span> . 十分简单的 , 十分安全的 , 极坚固的 <span word="sibling">sibling</span> <span word="n">n</span>. 兄弟 , 姐妹 , 同胞 , 同属 <span word="alumni">alumni</span> <span word="n">n</span>. <span word="pl">pl</span>. 男毕业生 , 男校友 <span word="lottery">lottery</span> <span word="n">n</span>. 抽彩给奖法 <span word="cognitive">cognitive</span> <span word="adj">adj</span>. 认知的 , 认识的 , 有感知的 <span word="diverse">diverse</span> <span word="adj">adj</span>. 不同的 , 变化多的 <span word="alternative">alternative</span> <span word="n">n</span>. 二中择一 , 可供选择的办法 , 事物 <span word="adj">adj</span>. 选择性的 <span word="boom">boom</span> <span word="n">n</span>. 繁荣 , 隆隆声 <span word="let">let</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="v">v</span>. 停止 , 中止 , 放松 难句突破 1.<span word="But">But</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="rely">rely</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="mix">mix</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="subjective">subjective</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="objective">objective</span> <span word="measures">measures</span>: <span word="tests">tests</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="identify">identify</span> <span word="developmental">developmental</span> <span word="maturity">maturity</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="cognitive">cognitive</span> <span word="potential">potential</span>, <span word="interviews">interviews</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="parents">parents</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="observation">observation</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="applicants">applicants</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="classroom">classroom</span> <span word="settings">settings</span>. 主体句式： <span word="most">most</span> <span word="rely">rely</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="mix">mix</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="subjective">subjective</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="objective">objective</span> <span word="measures">measures</span> 结构分析：本句是一个简单句。冒号之后的成分做 <span word="measures">measures</span> 的同位语； <span word="tests">tests</span> ， <span word="interviews">interviews</span> 和 <span word="observation">observation</span> 属于并列结构。 句子译文：但大多数学校还是用主观和客观结合的方法：进行考试，确定孩子的发育成熟程度和认知潜能；同学生家长面谈，或在教室观察孩子的反应能力。 题目分析 1. 答案为 <span word="C">C</span> ，属事实细节题。文中头两段举例说明子女教育问题成了美国家庭的头等大事，由此引发学龄前儿童入学难这一社会问题。 2. 答案为 <span word="A">A</span> ，属推理判断题。第四段阐述了学校选学生的一些倾向和做法。对于一个几岁的孩子及其家长又是主观考察，又是客观考察，又是抽签，还要考虑班里学生的多样性，等等。对于孩子来讲，真是有些勉为其难。 3. 答案为 <span word="B">B</span> ，属情感态度题。全文表达了对学龄前儿童的关注，以及对他们所处环境的忧虑和担心。 4. 答案为 <span word="D">D</span> ，属事实细节题。原文对应信息 <span word="Instead">Instead</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="experts">experts</span> <span word="say">say</span>, <span word="parents">parents</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="breath">breath</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="look">look</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="alternatives">alternatives</span>. 5. 答案为 <span word="C">C</span> ，属中心思想题。全文的中心都围绕着学龄前儿童所处的困境这一点。 </p>
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