2014考研英语阅读理解及答案解析传播学
<p> <span word="Why">Why</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="Americans">Americans</span> <span word="distrust">distrust</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="read">read</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="newspapers">newspapers</span>? <span word="The">The</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="Society">Society</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Newspaper">Newspaper</span> <span word="Editors">Editors</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="trying">trying</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="answer">answer</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="painful">painful</span> <span word="question">question</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="organization">organization</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="deep">deep</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="selfanalysis">selfanalysis</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="journalism">journalism</span> <span word="credibility">credibility</span> <span word="project">project</span>. <span word="Sad">Sad</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="say">say</span>, <span word="this">this</span> <span word="project">project</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="turned">turned</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="mostly">mostly</span> <span word="lowlevel">lowlevel</span> <span word="findings">findings</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="factual">factual</span> <span word="errors">errors</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="spelling">spelling</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="grammar">grammar</span> <span word="mistakes">mistakes</span>, <span word="combined">combined</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="lots">lots</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="headscratching">headscratching</span> <span word="puzzlement">puzzlement</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="readers">readers</span> <span word="really">really</span> <span word="want">want</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sources">sources</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="distrust">distrust</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="deeper">deeper</span>. <span word="Most">Most</span> <span word="journalists">journalists</span> <span word="learn">learn</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="set">set</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="standard">standard</span> <span word="templates">templates</span> （<span word="patterns">patterns</span>）<span word="into">into</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="plug">plug</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="days">days</span> <span word="events">events</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="words">words</span>, <span word="there">there</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="conventional">conventional</span> <span word="story">story</span> <span word="line">line</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="newsroom">newsroom</span> <span word="culture">culture</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="provides">provides</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="backbone">backbone</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="readymade">readymade</span> <span word="narrative">narrative</span> <span word="structure">structure</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="otherwise">otherwise</span> <span word="confusing">confusing</span> <span word="news">news</span>. <span word="There">There</span> <span word="exists">exists</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="cultural">cultural</span> <span word="disconnect">disconnect</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="journalists">journalists</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="readers">readers</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="helps">helps</span> <span word="explain">explain</span> <span word="why">why</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="standard">standard</span> <span word="templates">templates</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="newsroom">newsroom</span> <span word="seem">seem</span> <span word="alien">alien</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="readers">readers</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="recent">recent</span> <span word="survey">survey</span>, <span word="questionnaires">questionnaires</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="sent">sent</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="reporters">reporters</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="five">five</span> <span word="middlesize">middlesize</span> <span word="cities">cities</span> <span word="around">around</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="country">country</span>, <span word="plus">plus</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="metropolitan">metropolitan</span> <span word="area">area</span>. <span word="Then">Then</span> <span word="residents">residents</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="communities">communities</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="phoned">phoned</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="random">random</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="asked">asked</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="questions">questions</span>. <span word="Replies">Replies</span> <span word="show">show</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="compared">compared</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="Americans">Americans</span>, <span word="journalists">journalists</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="live">live</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="upscale">upscale</span> <span word="neighborhoods">neighborhoods</span>, <span word="have">have</span> <span word="maids">maids</span>, <span word="own">own</span> <span word="Mercedeses">Mercedeses</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="trade">trade</span> <span word="stocks">stocks</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="theyre">theyre</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="church">church</span>, <span word="do">do</span> <span word="volunteer">volunteer</span> <span word="work">work</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="put">put</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="roots">roots</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="community">community</span>. <span word="Reporters">Reporters</span> <span word="tend">tend</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="part">part</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="broadly">broadly</span> <span word="defined">defined</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="cultural">cultural</span> <span word="elite">elite</span>, <span word="so">so</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="tends">tends</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="reflect">reflect</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="conventional">conventional</span> <span word="values">values</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="elite">elite</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="astonishing">astonishing</span> <span word="distrust">distrust</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="news">news</span> <span word="media">media</span> <span word="isnt">isnt</span> <span word="rooted">rooted</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="inaccuracy">inaccuracy</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="poor">poor</span> <span word="reportorial">reportorial</span> <span word="skills">skills</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="daily">daily</span> <span word="clash">clash</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="views">views</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="reporters">reporters</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="readers">readers</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="explosive">explosive</span> <span word="situation">situation</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="industry">industry</span>, <span word="particularly">particularly</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="declining">declining</span> <span word="one">one</span>. <span word="Here">Here</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="troubled">troubled</span> <span word="business">business</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="keeps">keeps</span> <span word="hiring">hiring</span> <span word="employees">employees</span> <span word="whose">whose</span> <span word="attitudes">attitudes</span> <span word="vastly">vastly</span> <span word="annoy">annoy</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="customers">customers</span>. <span word="Then">Then</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="sponsors">sponsors</span> <span word="lots">lots</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="symposiums">symposiums</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="credibility">credibility</span> <span word="project">project</span> <span word="dedicated">dedicated</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="wondering">wondering</span> <span word="why">why</span> <span word="customers">customers</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="annoyed">annoyed</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="fleeing">fleeing</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="numbers">numbers</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="seems">seems</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="around">around</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="noticing">noticing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cultural">cultural</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="class">class</span> <span word="biases">biases</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="former">former</span> <span word="buyers">buyers</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="complaining">complaining</span> <span word="about">about</span>. <span word="If">If</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="did">did</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="open">open</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="diversity">diversity</span> <span word="program">program</span>, <span word="now">now</span> <span word="focused">focused</span> <span word="narrowly">narrowly</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="race">race</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="gender">gender</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="look">look</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="reporters">reporters</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="differ">differ</span> <span word="broadly">broadly</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="outlook">outlook</span>, <span word="values">values</span>, <span word="education">education</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="class">class</span>. 59．<span word="What">What</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="passage">passage</span> <span word="mainly">mainly</span> <span word="about">about</span>? ［<span word="A">A</span>］<span word="needs">needs</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="readers">readers</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> ［<span word="B">B</span>］<span word="causes">causes</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="public">public</span> <span word="disappointment">disappointment</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="newspapers">newspapers</span> ［<span word="C">C</span>］<span word="origins">origins</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="declining">declining</span> <span word="newspaper">newspaper</span> <span word="industry">industry</span> ［<span word="D">D</span>］<span word="aims">aims</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="journalism">journalism</span> <span word="credibility">credibility</span> <span word="project">project</span> 60．<span word="The">The</span> <span word="results">results</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="journalism">journalism</span> <span word="credibility">credibility</span> <span word="project">project</span> <span word="turned">turned</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> . ［<span word="A">A</span>］<span word="quite">quite</span> <span word="trustworthy">trustworthy</span> ［<span word="B">B</span>］<span word="somewhat">somewhat</span> <span word="contradictory">contradictory</span> ［<span word="C">C</span>］<span word="very">very</span> <span word="illuminating">illuminating</span> ［<span word="D">D</span>］<span word="rather">rather</span> <span word="superficial">superficial</span> 61．<span word="The">The</span> <span word="basic">basic</span> <span word="problem">problem</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="journalists">journalists</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="pointed">pointed</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="writer">writer</span> <span word="lies">lies</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="their">their</span> . ［<span word="A">A</span>］<span word="working">working</span> <span word="attitude">attitude</span> ［<span word="B">B</span>］<span word="conventional">conventional</span> <span word="lifestyle">lifestyle</span> ［<span word="C">C</span>］<span word="world">world</span> <span word="outlook">outlook</span> ［<span word="D">D</span>］<span word="educational">educational</span> <span word="background">background</span> 62．<span word="Despite">Despite</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="efforts">efforts</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="newspaper">newspaper</span> <span word="industry">industry</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="satisfy">satisfy</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="readers">readers</span> <span word="owing">owing</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="its">its</span> . ［<span word="A">A</span>］<span word="failure">failure</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="realize">realize</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="real">real</span> <span word="problem">problem</span> ［<span word="B">B</span>］<span word="tendency">tendency</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="hire">hire</span> <span word="annoying">annoying</span> <span word="reporters">reporters</span> ［<span word="C">C</span>］<span word="likeliness">likeliness</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="inaccurate">inaccurate</span> <span word="reporting">reporting</span> ［<span word="D">D</span>］<span word="prejudice">prejudice</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="matters">matters</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="race">race</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="gender">gender</span> 核心词汇： <span word="astonish">astonish</span> <span word="vt">vt</span>.使惊讶，使吃惊 <span word="backbone">backbone</span> <span word="n">n</span>.脊椎, 中枢, 骨干, 支柱, 意志力, 勇气, 毅力, 决心,主干 <span word="bias">bias</span> <span word="n">n</span>./<span word="v">v</span>.（使有）偏见,偏心,偏袒（<span word="bi">bi</span> 二+<span word="as">as</span> 名词后缀有两种观点偏见 <span word="contradictory">contradictory</span> <span word="a">a</span>.矛盾的，对立的（<span word="contradict">contradict</span>反驳+<span word="ory">ory</span>形容词后缀） <span word="conventional">conventional</span> <span word="a">a</span>.惯例的,常规的（<span word="convention">convention</span>+<span word="al">al</span>）<span word="newsroom">newsroom</span>（编辑室；阅览室）<span word="news">news</span>+<span word="room">room</span>。 <span word="credibility">credibility</span> <span word="n">n</span>.可信性，<span word="cred">cred</span>词根相信（如<span word="creditcred">creditcred</span>+<span word="it">it</span>信用），<span word="ibility">ibility</span>名词后缀可性（如<span word="abilitya">abilitya</span>+（<span word="i">i</span>）<span word="bility">bility</span>） <span word="dedicate">dedicate</span> <span word="vt">vt</span>.奉献;献身于（<span word="de">de</span>加强+<span word="dic">dic</span>说+<span word="ate">ate</span>动词后缀反复说致力于） <span word="elite">elite</span> <span word="n">n</span>.［集合名词］精华;精锐;中坚分子（<span word="e">e</span>出+<span word="lit">lit</span>=<span word="lig">lig</span>选+<span word="e">e</span> 名词后缀选出的人精英人物） <span word="factual">factual</span> <span word="a">a</span>.事实的, 实际的 <span word="gender">gender</span> <span word="n">n</span>.（生理上的）性；（名词、代词等的）性（<span word="gen">gen</span>+<span word="der">der</span>名词后缀） <span word="illuminating">illuminating</span> <span word="a">a</span>.照明的；启发的，<span word="illuminate">illuminate</span>（照明；启发）可看作<span word="illumin">illumin</span>+<span word="ate">ate</span>，<span word="illumin">illumin</span>谐音一路明，<span word="ate">ate</span>动词后缀，使一路明照明引申为启发。 <span word="metropolitan">metropolitan</span> <span word="a">a</span>.首都的,主要都市的,大城市 <span word="plug">plug</span> <span word="n">n</span>.塞子,插头<span word="v">v</span>.堵,塞,插上,插栓 <span word="questionnaire">questionnaire</span> <span word="n">n</span>.调查表，问卷（<span word="question">question</span>+<span word="aire">aire</span>） <span word="scratch">scratch</span> <span word="v">v</span>.抓,搔,扒<span word="n">n</span>.抓,搔,抓痕;起跑线 <span word="sponsor">sponsor</span> <span word="n">n</span>.发起人,主办,保证人<span word="v">v</span>.发起,主办 <span word="superficial">superficial</span> <span word="a">a</span>.表面的;肤浅的,浅薄的（<span word="super">super</span>在上面+<span word="fic">fic</span> +<span word="ial">ial</span>形容词后缀在表面肤浅的） <span word="survey">survey</span> <span word="v">v</span>./<span word="n">n</span>.俯瞰,眺望;全面审视,调查;测量图,勘定 <span word="symposium">symposium</span> <span word="n">n</span>.讨论会; 专题论文，专题论文集 <span word="template">template</span> <span word="n">n</span>.模板，<span word="temple">temple</span>寺庙，<span word="ate">ate</span>吃，当今倾向于素食者日益增多，而<span word="temple">temple</span>是<span word="ate">ate</span>素的模板（<span word="template">template</span>）。 <span word="volunteer">volunteer</span> <span word="n">n</span>./<span word="v">v</span>.自愿（者,兵）;自愿（提供）（<span word="volunt">volunt</span>+<span word="eer">eer</span>人意愿的人志愿者） 难句分析： 难句1 <span word="Sad">Sad</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="say">say</span>, <span word="this">this</span> <span word="project">project</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="turned">turned</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="mostly">mostly</span> <span word="lowlevel">lowlevel</span> <span word="findings">findings</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="factual">factual</span> <span word="errors">errors</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="spelling">spelling</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="grammar">grammar</span> <span word="mistakes">mistakes</span>, <span word="combined">combined</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="lots">lots</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="headscratching">headscratching</span> <span word="puzzlement">puzzlement</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="readers">readers</span> <span word="really">really</span> <span word="want">want</span>. ［分析］此句主语是<span word="this">this</span> <span word="project">project</span>，谓语是<span word="has">has</span> <span word="turned">turned</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span>，<span word="findings">findings</span>为宾语，<span word="mostly">mostly</span> <span word="lowlevel">lowlevel</span>是宾语的定语修饰成分，<span word="about">about</span> <span word="factual">factual</span> <span word="errors">errors</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="spelling">spelling</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="grammar">grammar</span> <span word="mistakes">mistakes</span>是宾语的补语成分。<span word="combined">combined</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="lots">lots</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="headscratching">headscratching</span> <span word="puzzlement">puzzlement</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="readers">readers</span> <span word="really">really</span> <span word="want">want</span>是过去分词引导的伴随状语，其中<span word="about">about</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="readers">readers</span> <span word="really">really</span> <span word="want">want</span>是<span word="puzzlement">puzzlement</span>的补语。 ［译文］遗憾的是，这次资讯机构可信度调查计划结果只获得了一些肤浅的发现，诸如资讯报道中的事实错误，拼写或语法错误，和这些低层次发现交织在一起的还有许多令人挠头的困惑，譬如读者到底想读些什么。 难句2 <span word="There">There</span> <span word="exists">exists</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="cultural">cultural</span> <span word="disconnect">disconnect</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="journalists">journalists</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="readers">readers</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="helps">helps</span> <span word="explain">explain</span> <span word="why">why</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="standard">standard</span> <span word="templates">templates</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="newsroom">newsroom</span> <span word="seem">seem</span> <span word="alien">alien</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="readers">readers</span>. ［分析］此句的结构主句是一个<span word="there">there</span>加系动词的用法。而表语后都有一个定语从句。本句的定语从句是<span word="which">which</span> <span word="helps">helps</span> <span word="explain">explain</span> <span word="why">why</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="standard">standard</span> <span word="templates">templates</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="newsroom">newsroom</span> <span word="seem">seem</span> <span word="alien">alien</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="readers">readers</span>。 ［译文］资讯记者和读者之间存在着社会和文化方面的脱节，这就是为什么资讯编辑室的标准模式与众多读者的意趣相差甚远的原因。 难句3 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="astonishing">astonishing</span> <span word="distrust">distrust</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="news">news</span> <span word="media">media</span> <span word="isnt">isnt</span> <span word="rooted">rooted</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="inaccuracy">inaccuracy</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="poor">poor</span> <span word="reportorial">reportorial</span> <span word="skills">skills</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="daily">daily</span> <span word="clash">clash</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="views">views</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="reporters">reporters</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="readers">readers</span>. ［分析］此句的主干是一个<span word="not">not</span>... <span word="but">but</span>结构。注意这个结构引导的是两个方式状语。其核心词分别是<span word="inaccuracy">inaccuracy</span>和<span word="the">the</span> <span word="daily">daily</span> <span word="clash">clash</span>。 ［译文］读者对资讯媒介令人震惊的不信任的根源并非是报道失实或低下的报道技巧，而是记者与读者的世界观的日常冲突。 难句4 <span word="If">If</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="did">did</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="open">open</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="diversity">diversity</span> <span word="program">program</span>, <span word="now">now</span> <span word="focused">focused</span> <span word="narrowly">narrowly</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="race">race</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="gender">gender</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="look">look</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="reporters">reporters</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="differ">differ</span> <span word="broadly">broadly</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="outlook">outlook</span>, <span word="values">values</span>, <span word="education">education</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="class">class</span>. ［分析］此句中<span word="it">it</span>代表上文提到的<span word="a">a</span> <span word="troubled">troubled</span> <span word="business">business</span>，即问题重重的资讯界。<span word="now">now</span> <span word="focused">focused</span> <span word="narrowly">narrowly</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="race">race</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="gender">gender</span>是插入语，也是修饰<span word="program">program</span>的定语。本句在<span word="would">would</span>后面有两个并列宾语<span word="open">open</span> <span word="up">up</span>和<span word="look">look</span> <span word="for">for</span>。此句中含有一个虚拟语气：<span word="If">If</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="did">did</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="open">open</span> <span word="up">up</span>...。 ［译文］如果它能注意这个问题的话，它就应该进一步开放其多样化栏目（该栏目目前只关注种族和性别两个方面），雇佣一些世界观、价值观、教育水平和社会阶层各不相同的各种记者。 文章类型：社会科学传播学大众传媒 本扩展文章的主题有关美国资讯业的信任度。 试题解析： 59. 本文要探讨的是什么？ ［<span word="A">A</span>］ 世界各地读者的需求。［<span word="B">B</span>］ 公众对报纸失望的原因。 ［<span word="C">C</span>］ 资讯业衰败的根源。［<span word="D">D</span>］ 资讯可信性调查项目的目的。 中心主旨题【正确答案】 ［<span word="B">B</span>］ 文章第一句就开宗明确地提出了本文旨在说明的问题，即为什么美国人不相信在报纸上读到的东西。很明显，该文的主旨就是论述公众对报纸不信任的原因。［<span word="B">B</span>］项中的<span word="disappointment">disappointment</span>和原文中的<span word="distrust">distrust</span>在这件事情上表达的情感是一致的，因此为正确选项。 60. 资讯可信性调查项目的结果是。 ［<span word="A">A</span>］ 非常可信［<span word="B">B</span>］ 有点矛盾 ［<span word="C">C</span>］ 很有启发性［<span word="D">D</span>］ 十分肤浅 细节事实题【正确答案】 ［<span word="D">D</span>］ 第二段中作者用<span word="Sad">Sad</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="say">say</span>和<span word="mostly">mostly</span> <span word="lowlevel">lowlevel</span> <span word="findings">findings</span>来评价这次调查，可以判断该调查的结果是相当浮于表面的。所以选择［<span word="D">D</span>］项。 61. 正如作者所指出的，资讯记者的根本问题在于他们的。 ［<span word="A">A</span>］ 工作态度［<span word="B">B</span>］ 传统的生活方式 ［<span word="C">C</span>］ 世界观［<span word="D">D</span>］ 教育背景 细节事实题【正确答案】［<span word="C">C</span>］ 第六段末句最后直接点明，是记者与读者世界观的冲突引起了人们对报纸的不信任，因此［<span word="C">C</span>］项符合题意。 62. 尽管做出了努力，但资讯业人仍然不能满足读者的需求，因为它。 ［<span word="A">A</span>］ 没有认识到它的真正问题［<span word="B">B</span>］ 雇用令人恼怒的记者 ［<span word="C">C</span>］ 进行不准确报道的可能性［<span word="D">D</span>］ 在种族和性别问题上的歧视 细节事实题【正确答案】［<span word="A">A</span>］ 定位最后一段的最后两句话，根据<span word="But">But</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="seems">seems</span>...（资讯业从未）和<span word="If">If</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="did">did</span>,...（如果它做到了）就可以看出，资讯业并未认识到它真正的问题之所在，也未采取过任何手段，因此选择［<span word="A">A</span>］项。 全文翻译： 为什么那么多美国人不相信自己在报纸上看到的东西？美国资讯编辑协会正试图回答这个痛苦的问题。该组织正深深陷入一个长期的自我剖析过程，即资讯可信度调查项目。 第一段：提出问题，为什么那么多的美国人不相信自己在报纸上看到的东西？ 遗憾的是，这次资讯机构可信度调查计划结果只获得了一些肤浅的发现，诸如资讯报道中的事实错误，拼写或语法错误，和这些低层次发现交织在一起的还有许多令人挠头的困惑，譬如读者到底想读些什么。 第二段：对美国资讯协会有关此问题所做的调查的评价。 但这种对媒体的不信任有更深刻的根源。多数资讯记者都学着用一套标准的模式去看待世界，并把每天发生的事件纳入这种模式。换言之，在媒介机构的资讯编辑室中存在着一套约定俗成的报道模式，为在其他方面可能造成误解的资讯报道提供了一个主干框架和一个现成的故事叙述结构。 资讯记者和读者之间存在着社会和文化方面的脱节，这就是为什么资讯编辑室的标准模式与众多读者的意趣相差甚远的原因。在最近一次调查中，问卷被送到了全国五座中等城市及一座大都市的记者手中，然后随机地给这些城市的居民打电话，问他们同样的问题。 结果表明，与其他美国人相比，资讯记者更有可能居住在富人区，有女佣，有奔驰车，炒股，而他们不太可能去教堂，参加支援服务，扎根社区。 记者们往往属于广义的社会文化精英的一个部分，因此他们的工作往往反映了这些精英传统的价值观。读者对资讯媒介令人震惊的不信任的根源并非是报道失实或低下的报道技巧，而是记者与读者的世界观的日常冲突。 第三到第六段：进而指出：美国人不相信报纸，其原因远远深刻于资讯协会所做的调查，并分析不信任的真正原因。 这种现象对于任何行业都是难堪的局面，特别是对于一个正在衰落的行业来说尤其如此。这是一个棘手的行业，却不断地雇用观点总体上使客户恼怒的雇员。然后它又出资组织研讨会和可信度调查项目，去探究为什么顾客们恼火了，为什么会有那么多人逃避报刊。但它似乎从来就没回过头来去注意那么多以前的顾客所抱怨的文化和阶级偏见。如果它能注意这个问题的话，它就应该进一步开放其多样化栏目（该栏目目前只关注种族和性别两个方面），雇佣一些世界观、价值观、教育水平和社会阶层各不相同的各种记者。 第七段：提出解决问题的方案，即招聘世界观、价值观、教育水平和社会阶层各不相同的各种记者。</p>
页:
[1]