2014硕士研究生英语模拟试题及答案(4)
<p> <span word="Up">Up</span> <span word="until">until</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="decades">decades</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>, <span word="our">our</span> <span word="visions">visions</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="future">future</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="largely">largely</span> - <span word="though">though</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="means">means</span> <span word="uniformly">uniformly</span> - <span word="glowingly">glowingly</span> <span word="positive">positive</span>. <span word="Science">Science</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="technology">technology</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="cure">cure</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ills">ills</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="humanity">humanity</span>, <span word="leading">leading</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="lives">lives</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="fulfillment">fulfillment</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="opportunity">opportunity</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="all">all</span>. <span word="Now">Now</span> <span word="utopia">utopia</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="grown">grown</span> <span word="unfashionable">unfashionable</span>, <span word="as">as</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="gained">gained</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="deeper">deeper</span> <span word="appreciation">appreciation</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="range">range</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="threats">threats</span> <span word="facing">facing</span> <span word="us">us</span>, <span word="from">from</span> <span word="asteroid">asteroid</span> <span word="strike">strike</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="epidemic">epidemic</span> <span word="flu">flu</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="climate">climate</span> <span word="change">change</span>. <span word="You">You</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="tempted">tempted</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="assume">assume</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="humanity">humanity</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="future">future</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="look">look</span> <span word="forward">forward</span> <span word="to">to</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="gloominess">gloominess</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="misplaced">misplaced</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="fossil">fossil</span> <span word="record">record</span> <span word="shows">shows</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="species">species</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="endured">endured</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="millions">millions</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="years">years</span> - <span word="so">so</span> <span word="why">why</span> <span word="shouldn">shouldn</span> <span word="t">t</span> <span word="we">we</span>? <span word="Take">Take</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="broader">broader</span> <span word="look">look</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="species">species</span> <span word="place">place</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="universe">universe</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="becomes">becomes</span> <span word="clear">clear</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="excellent">excellent</span> <span word="chance">chance</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="surviving">surviving</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="tens">tens</span>, <span word="if">if</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="hundreds">hundreds</span>, <span word="of">of</span> <span word="thousands">thousands</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="years">years</span>. <span word="Look">Look</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="Homo">Homo</span> <span word="sapiens">sapiens</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Red">Red</span> <span word="List">List</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="threatened">threatened</span> <span word="species">species</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="International">International</span> <span word="Union">Union</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Conversation">Conversation</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Nature">Nature</span> ,<span word="and">and</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="read">read</span>: <span word="Listed">Listed</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="Least">Least</span> <span word="Concern">Concern</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="species">species</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="widely">widely</span> <span word="distributed">distributed</span>, <span word="adaptable">adaptable</span>, <span word="currently">currently</span> <span word="increasing">increasing</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="major">major</span> <span word="threats">threats</span> <span word="resulting">resulting</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="overall">overall</span> <span word="population">population</span> <span word="decline">decline</span>. <span word="So">So</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="does">does</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="deep">deep</span> <span word="future">future</span> <span word="hold">hold</span>? <span word="A">A</span> <span word="growing">growing</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="organizations">organizations</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="thinking">thinking</span> <span word="seriously">seriously</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="question">question</span>. <span word="For">For</span> <span word="example">example</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Long">Long</span> <span word="Now">Now</span> <span word="Foundation">Foundation</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="flagship">flagship</span> <span word="project">project</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="medical">medical</span> <span word="clock">clock</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="designed">designed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="marking">marking</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="thousands">thousands</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="hence">hence</span>. <span word="Perhaps">Perhaps</span> <span word="willfully">willfully</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="easier">easier</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="lengthy">lengthy</span> <span word="timescales">timescales</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="immediate">immediate</span> <span word="future">future</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="potential">potential</span> <span word="evolution">evolution</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="today">today</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="technology">technology</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="consequences">consequences</span>, <span word="is">is</span> <span word="dazzlingly">dazzlingly</span> <span word="complicated">complicated</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="perhaps">perhaps</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="left">left</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="science">science</span> <span word="fiction">fiction</span> <span word="writers">writers</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="futurologists">futurologists</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="explore">explore</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="possibilities">possibilities</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="envisage">envisage</span>. <span word="That">That</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="reason">reason</span> <span word="why">why</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="launched">launched</span> <span word="Arc">Arc</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="publication">publication</span> <span word="dedicated">dedicated</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="near">near</span> <span word="future">future</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="longer">longer</span> <span word="view">view</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="surprising">surprising</span> <span word="amount">amount</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="considerable">considerable</span> <span word="assurance">assurance</span>. <span word="As">As</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="often">often</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span> <span word="holds">holds</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="key">key</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="future">future</span>: <span word="we">we</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="identified">identified</span> <span word="enough">enough</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="long">long</span>-<span word="term">term</span> <span word="patterns">patterns</span> <span word="shaping">shaping</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="history">history</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="planet">planet</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="species">species</span>, <span word="to">to</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="evidence">evidence</span>-<span word="based">based</span> <span word="forecasts">forecasts</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="situations">situations</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="descendants">descendants</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="find">find</span> <span word="themselves">themselves</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="perspective">perspective</span> <span word="makes">makes</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="pessimistic">pessimistic</span> <span word="view">view</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="prospects">prospects</span> <span word="seem">seem</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="passing">passing</span> <span word="fad">fad</span>. <span word="To">To</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="sure">sure</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="future">future</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="rosy">rosy</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="knowledgeable">knowledgeable</span> <span word="enough">enough</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="reduce">reduce</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="risks">risks</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="threatened">threatened</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="existence">existence</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="earlier">earlier</span> <span word="humans">humans</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="improve">improve</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="lot">lot</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="come">come</span>. 31. <span word="Our">Our</span> <span word="vision">vision</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="future">future</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="inspired">inspired</span> <span word="by">by</span> [<span word="A">A</span>] <span word="our">our</span> <span word="desire">desire</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="lives">lives</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="fulfillment">fulfillment</span> [<span word="B">B</span>] <span word="our">our</span> <span word="faith">faith</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="science">science</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="technology">technology</span> [<span word="C">C</span>] <span word="our">our</span> <span word="awareness">awareness</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="potential">potential</span> <span word="risks">risks</span> [<span word="D">D</span>] <span word="our">our</span> <span word="belief">belief</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="equal">equal</span> <span word="opportunity">opportunity</span> 32. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="IUCNs">IUCNs</span> <span word="Red">Red</span> <span word="List">List</span> <span word="suggest">suggest</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="are">are</span> [<span word="A">A</span>] <span word="a">a</span> <span word="sustained">sustained</span> <span word="species">species</span> [<span word="B">B</span>] <span word="a">a</span> <span word="threaten">threaten</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="environment">environment</span> [<span word="C">C</span>] <span word="the">the</span> <span word="worlds">worlds</span> <span word="dominant">dominant</span> <span word="power">power</span> [<span word="D">D</span>] <span word="a">a</span> <span word="misplaced">misplaced</span> <span word="race">race</span> 33. <span word="Which">Which</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="true">true</span> <span word="according">according</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Paragraph">Paragraph</span> 5? [<span word="A">A</span>] <span word="Arc">Arc</span> <span word="helps">helps</span> <span word="limit">limit</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="scope">scope</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="futurological">futurological</span> <span word="studies">studies</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>] <span word="Technology">Technology</span> <span word="offers">offers</span> <span word="solutions">solutions</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="problem">problem</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>] <span word="The">The</span> <span word="interest">interest</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="science">science</span> <span word="fiction">fiction</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rise">rise</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>] <span word="Our">Our</span> <span word="Immediate">Immediate</span> <span word="future">future</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="conceive">conceive</span>. 34. <span word="To">To</span> <span word="ensure">ensure</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="future">future</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="mankind">mankind</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="crucial">crucial</span> <span word="to">to</span> [<span word="A">A</span>] <span word="explore">explore</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="planets">planets</span> <span word="abundant">abundant</span> <span word="resources">resources</span> [<span word="B">B</span>] <span word="adopt">adopt</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="optimistic">optimistic</span> <span word="view">view</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> [<span word="C">C</span>] <span word="draw">draw</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="experience">experience</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span> [<span word="D">D</span>] <span word="curb">curb</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="ambition">ambition</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="reshape">reshape</span> <span word="history">history</span> 35. <span word="Which">Which</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="title">title</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="text">text</span>? [<span word="A">A</span>] <span word="Uncertainty">Uncertainty</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="Our">Our</span> <span word="Future">Future</span> [<span word="B">B</span>] <span word="Evolution">Evolution</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Human">Human</span> <span word="Species">Species</span> [<span word="C">C</span>] <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Ever">Ever</span>-<span word="bright">bright</span> <span word="Prospects">Prospects</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Mankind">Mankind</span> [<span word="D">D</span>] <span word="Science">Science</span>, <span word="Technology">Technology</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Humanity">Humanity</span> <span word="Text">Text</span> 3 参考答案： 31. <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="our">our</span> <span word="faith">faith</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="science">science</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="technology">technology</span> 32. <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="sustained">sustained</span> <span word="species">species</span> 33. <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="our">our</span> <span word="immediate">immediate</span> <span word="future">future</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="conceive">conceive</span> 34. <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="draw">draw</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="experience">experience</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span> 35. <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ever">ever</span>-<span word="bright">bright</span> <span word="prospects">prospects</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="mankind">mankind</span></p>
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