2014年考研英语阅读理解及答案解析法律类
<p> 法律类 <span word="GOING">GOING</span> <span word="BACK">BACK</span> <span word="AND">AND</span> <span word="GETTING">GETTING</span> <span word="IT">IT</span> <span word="RIGHT">RIGHT</span> <span word="By">By</span> <span word="almost">almost</span> <span word="every">every</span> <span word="measure">measure</span>, <span word="Paul">Paul</span> <span word="Pfingst">Pfingst</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="unsentimental">unsentimental</span> <span word="prosecutor">prosecutor</span>. <span word="Last">Last</span> <span word="week">week</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="San">San</span> <span word="Diego">Diego</span> <span word="County">County</span> <span word="district">district</span> <span word="attorney">attorney</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="fully">fully</span> <span word="intends">intends</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="try">try</span> <span word="suspect">suspect</span> <span word="Charles">Charles</span> <span word="Andrew">Andrew</span> <span word="Williams">Williams</span>, 15, <span word="as">as</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="adult">adult</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Santana">Santana</span> <span word="High">High</span> <span word="School">School</span> <span word="shootings">shootings</span>. <span word="Even">Even</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="tragedy">tragedy</span>, <span word="Pfingst">Pfingst</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="stood">stood</span> <span word="behind">behind</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="controversial">controversial</span> <span word="California">California</span> <span word="law">law</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="mandates">mandates</span> <span word="treating">treating</span> <span word="murder">murder</span> <span word="suspects">suspects</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="young">young</span> <span word="as">as</span> 14 <span word="as">as</span> <span word="adults">adults</span>. <span word="So">So</span> <span word="nobody">nobody</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="wagered">wagered</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="Pfingst">Pfingst</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="D">D</span>.<span word="A">A</span>. <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="U">U</span>.<span word="S">S</span>. <span word="to">to</span> <span word="launch">launch</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="own">own</span> <span word="Innocence">Innocence</span> <span word="Project">Project</span>. <span word="Yet">Yet</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="June">June</span>, <span word="Pfingst">Pfingst</span> <span word="told">told</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="attorneys">attorneys</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="back">back</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="old">old</span> <span word="murder">murder</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="rape">rape</span> <span word="convictions">convictions</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="unravel">unravel</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="newly">newly</span> <span word="developed">developed</span> <span word="DNA">DNA</span>-<span word="testing">testing</span> <span word="tools">tools</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="words">words</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="wanted">wanted</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="revisit">revisit</span> <span word="past">past</span> <span word="victories">victories</span>--<span word="this">this</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="playing">playing</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="team">team</span>. <span word="I">I</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="misunderstand">misunderstand</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="conservative">conservative</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="biased">biased</span>, <span word="says">says</span> <span word="Pfingst">Pfingst</span>. <span word="I">I</span> <span word="consider">consider</span> <span word="myself">myself</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="pragmatic">pragmatic</span> <span word="guy">guy</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="interest">interest</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="putting">putting</span> <span word="innocent">innocent</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="jail">jail</span>. <span word="Around">Around</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="U">U</span>.<span word="S">S</span>., <span word="flabbergasted">flabbergasted</span> <span word="defense">defense</span> <span word="attorneys">attorneys</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="jailed">jailed</span> <span word="clients">clients</span> <span word="cheered">cheered</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="move">move</span>. <span word="Among">Among</span> <span word="prosecutors">prosecutors</span>, <span word="however">however</span>, <span word="there">there</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="awkward">awkward</span> <span word="pause">pause</span>. <span word="After">After</span> <span word="all">all</span>, <span word="each">each</span> <span word="DNA">DNA</span> <span word="test">test</span> <span word="costs">costs</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="as">as</span> $5,000. <span word="Then">Then</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="unspoken">unspoken</span> <span word="risk">risk</span>: <span word="if">if</span> <span word="dozens">dozens</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="innocents">innocents</span> <span word="turn">turn</span> <span word="up">up</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="D">D</span>.<span word="A">A</span>. <span word="will">will</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="indicted">indicted</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="shop">shop</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="nine">nine</span> <span word="months">months</span> <span word="later">later</span>, <span word="no">no</span> <span word="budgets">budgets</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="busted">busted</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="prosecutors">prosecutors</span> <span word="ousted">ousted</span>. <span word="Only">Only</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rare">rare</span> <span word="case">case</span> <span word="merits">merits</span> <span word="review">review</span>. <span word="Pfingst">Pfingst</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="team">team</span> <span word="considers">considers</span> <span word="convictions">convictions</span> <span word="before">before</span> 1993, <span word="when">when</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="city">city</span> <span word="started">started</span> <span word="routine">routine</span> <span word="DNA">DNA</span> <span word="testing">testing</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="discard">discard</span> <span word="cases">cases</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="defendant">defendant</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="released">released</span>. <span word="Of">Of</span> <span word="the">the</span> 560 <span word="remaining">remaining</span> <span word="files">files</span>, <span word="they">they</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="re">re</span>-<span word="examined">examined</span> 200, <span word="looking">looking</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="cases">cases</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="biological">biological</span> <span word="evidence">evidence</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="defendants">defendants</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="claim">claim</span> <span word="innocence">innocence</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="identified">identified</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="far">far</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="compelling">compelling</span> <span word="involves">involves</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="serving">serving</span> 12 <span word="years">years</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="molesting">molesting</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="girl">girl</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="playing">playing</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="apartment">apartment</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="others">others</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="time">time</span>. <span word="Police">Police</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="drop">drop</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="saliva">saliva</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="victim">victim</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="shirt">shirt</span>--<span word="too">too</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="sample">sample</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="test">test</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1991. <span word="Today">Today</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="spot">spot</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="free">free</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="man">man</span>. <span word="Test">Test</span> <span word="results">results</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="due">due</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="day">day</span>. <span word="Inspired">Inspired</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="San">San</span> <span word="Diego">Diego</span>, 10 <span word="other">other</span> <span word="counties">counties</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="U">U</span>.<span word="S">S</span>. <span word="are">are</span> <span word="starting">starting</span> <span word="DNA">DNA</span> <span word="audits">audits</span>. <span word="By">By</span> <span word="Amanda">Amanda</span> <span word="Ripley">Ripley</span> <span word="ez">ez</span> <span word="ncisco">ncisco</span> <span word="sijevic">sijevic</span> <span word="rtwell">rtwell</span>; <span word="Lisa">Lisa</span> <span word="McLaughlin">McLaughlin</span>; <span word="Joseph">Joseph</span> <span word="Pierro">Pierro</span>; <span word="Josh">Josh</span> <span word="Tyrangiel">Tyrangiel</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Sora">Sora</span> <span word="Song">Song</span> 1.<span word="How">How</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="Pfingst">Pfingst</span> <span word="carry">carry</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="own">own</span> <span word="Innocence">Innocence</span> <span word="Project">Project</span>? [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="By">By</span> <span word="getting">getting</span> <span word="rid">rid</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="bias">bias</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="suspects">suspects</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="By">By</span> <span word="revisiting">revisiting</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span> <span word="victories">victories</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="By">By</span> <span word="using">using</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="newly">newly</span> <span word="developed">developed</span> <span word="DNA">DNA</span>-<span word="testing">testing</span> <span word="tools">tools</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="By">By</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="cooperation">cooperation</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="attorneys">attorneys</span>. 2.<span word="Which">Which</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="advantage">advantage</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Innocence">Innocence</span> <span word="Project">Project</span>? [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="To">To</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="correct">correct</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="wrong">wrong</span> <span word="judgments">judgments</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="To">To</span> <span word="oust">oust</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="unqualified">unqualified</span> <span word="prosecutors">prosecutors</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="To">To</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="prosecutors">prosecutors</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="awkward">awkward</span> <span word="situation">situation</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="To">To</span> <span word="cheer">cheer</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="defense">defense</span> <span word="attorneys">attorneys</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="jailed">jailed</span> <span word="clients">clients</span>. 3.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="expression">expression</span> <span word="flabbergasted">flabbergasted</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="probably">probably</span> <span word="means">means</span> _______. [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="excited">excited</span> [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="competent">competent</span> [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="embarrassed">embarrassed</span> [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="astounded">astounded</span> 4.<span word="Why">Why</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="Pfingst">Pfingst</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="unsentimental">unsentimental</span> <span word="prosecutor">prosecutor</span>? [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="He">He</span> <span word="intended">intended</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="try">try</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="fifteen">fifteen</span>-<span word="year">year</span> <span word="old">old</span> <span word="suspect">suspect</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="He">He</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="interest">interest</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="putting">putting</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="innocent">innocent</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="jail">jail</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="He">He</span> <span word="supported">supported</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="controversial">controversial</span> <span word="California">California</span> <span word="law">law</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="He">He</span> <span word="wanted">wanted</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="try">try</span> <span word="suspect">suspect</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="young">young</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="fourteen">fourteen</span>. 5.<span word="Which">Which</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="true">true</span> <span word="according">according</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="text">text</span>? [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="Pfingsts">Pfingsts</span> <span word="move">move</span> <span word="didnt">didnt</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="coverage">coverage</span>. [<span word="B">B</span>] <span word="Pfingsts">Pfingsts</span> <span word="move">move</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="both">both</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="positive">positive</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="negative">negative</span> <span word="effect">effect</span>. [<span word="C">C</span>] <span word="Pfingsts">Pfingsts</span> <span word="move">move</span> <span word="didnt">didnt</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="well">well</span>. [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="Pfingsts">Pfingsts</span> <span word="move">move</span> <span word="greatly">greatly</span> <span word="encouraged">encouraged</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="jailed">jailed</span> <span word="prisoners">prisoners</span>. 篇章剖析 本文采用的是记叙文的模式。第一段指出芬斯特作为一位铁面无私的检查官的一些做法；第二段指出芬斯特实施 清白计划的打算及做法；第三段指出实施清白计划造成的反应以及可能存在的问题；第四段和第五段是实施清白计划的结果和影响。 词汇注释 <span word="prosecutor">prosecutor</span> <span word="n">n</span>.检察官 ,检察员,起诉人,原告 <span word="controversial">controversial</span> <span word="adj">adj</span>.争论的, 争议的 <span word="mandate">mandate</span> <span word="v">v</span>.批准制订一个训令，如通过法律；发布命令或要求： <span word="wager">wager</span> <span word="v">v</span>.下赌注, 保证 <span word="conviction">conviction</span> <span word="n">n</span>.定罪, 宣告有罪 <span word="unravel">unravel</span> <span word="v">v</span>. 阐明, 解决 <span word="flabbergast">flabbergast</span> <span word="v">v</span>.使大吃一惊, 哑然失色, 使目瞪口呆 <span word="indict">indict</span> <span word="v">v</span>.起诉, 控告, 指控, 告发 <span word="bust">bust</span> <span word="v">v</span>.破产或缺钱 <span word="oust">oust</span> <span word="v">v</span>.剥夺, 取代, 驱逐 <span word="discard">discard</span> <span word="v">v</span>.抛开；遗弃；废弃 <span word="molest">molest</span> <span word="v">v</span>.骚乱, 困扰, 调戏 <span word="saliva">saliva</span> <span word="n">n</span>.口水, 唾液 难句突破 1.<span word="Even">Even</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="tragedy">tragedy</span>, <span word="Pfingst">Pfingst</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="stood">stood</span> <span word="behind">behind</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="controversial">controversial</span> <span word="California">California</span> <span word="law">law</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="mandates">mandates</span> <span word="treating">treating</span> <span word="murder">murder</span> <span word="suspects">suspects</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="young">young</span> <span word="as">as</span> 14 <span word="as">as</span> <span word="adults">adults</span>. 主体句式： <span word="Pfingst">Pfingst</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="stood">stood</span> <span word="behind">behind</span> 结构分析： <span word="Even">Even</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="tragedy">tragedy</span>是本句的时间状语；主句是<span word="Pfingst">Pfingst</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="stood">stood</span> <span word="behindthat">behindthat</span> 引导的宾语从句修饰<span word="law">law</span>;在从句中，<span word="asas">asas</span>是一词组，意思是和一样；出现的第三个<span word="as">as</span>是介词，意思是作为。 句子译文：甚至在这场悲剧发生之前芬斯特就支持加利福尼亚州的一项颇有争议的法律。这项法律规定，以成人身份受审的谋杀嫌疑犯的最低年龄可以降到十四岁。 题目分析 1.答案为<span word="C">C</span>，属事实细节题。文中对应信息<span word="Pfingst">Pfingst</span> <span word="told">told</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="attorneys">attorneys</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="back">back</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="old">old</span> <span word="murder">murder</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="rape">rape</span> <span word="convictions">convictions</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="unravel">unravel</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="newly">newly</span> <span word="developed">developed</span> <span word="DNA">DNA</span>-<span word="testing">testing</span> <span word="tools">tools</span>.是对第二段第一句的补充说明。 2.答案为<span word="A">A</span>，属推理判断题。从上下文我们可以得知，实施清白计划就是使用先进的<span word="DNA">DNA</span>技术来重新审理过去的案件当中可能存在的冤案错案。 3.答案为<span word="D">D</span>, 属猜词题。从第二段第一句话我们得知芬斯特可能是美国第一个实施非常独特的清白计划的人，因此他的做法很可能是令人感到吃惊的，从而可猜出该词的含义。 4.答案为<span word="B">B</span>，属推理判断题。从第一段和第二段给出的事例我们可以看出，芬斯特不愿放过任何一个犯罪的人，即便他的年龄还不算大；他也不愿使无辜者蒙冤，即便案件已经审理。 5.答案为<span word="C">C</span>，属推理判断题。正因为 <span word="Pfingsts">Pfingsts</span> <span word="move">move</span> <span word="works">works</span> <span word="well">well</span>,美国才又有<span word="ten">ten</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="counties">counties</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="starting">starting</span> <span word="DNA">DNA</span> <span word="audits">audits</span>,而且，<span word="no">no</span> <span word="budgets">budgets</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="busted">busted</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="prosecutors">prosecutors</span> <span word="ousted">ousted</span>.</p>
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