2014考研英语阅读理解冲刺练习题及解析3
<p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="biggest">biggest</span> <span word="wave">wave</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="mergers">mergers</span> <span word="andacquisitions">andacquisitions</span> <span word="ever">ever</span> <span word="witnessed">witnessed</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="process">process</span> <span word="sweeps">sweeps</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="hyperactive">hyperactive</span> <span word="America">America</span> <span word="toEurope">toEurope</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="reaches">reaches</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="emerging">emerging</span> <span word="countries">countries</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="unsurpassed">unsurpassed</span> <span word="might">might</span>. <span word="Many">Many</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="thesecountries">thesecountries</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="looking">looking</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="process">process</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="worrying">worrying</span>: <span word="Won">Won</span> <span word="t">t</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="wave">wave</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="business">business</span> <span word="concentration">concentration</span> <span word="turn">turn</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="uncontrollableanti">uncontrollableanti</span>-<span word="competitive">competitive</span> <span word="force">force</span>? <span word="There">There</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="question">question</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="big">big</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="getting">getting</span> <span word="bigger">bigger</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="morepowerful">morepowerful</span>. <span word="Multinational">Multinational</span> <span word="corporations">corporations</span> <span word="accounted">accounted</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="than">than</span> 20% <span word="ofinternational">ofinternational</span> <span word="trade">trade</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1982. <span word="Today">Today</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="figure">figure</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> 25% <span word="and">and</span> <span word="growingrapidly">growingrapidly</span>. <span word="International">International</span> <span word="affiliates">affiliates</span> <span word="account">account</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="fast">fast</span>-<span word="growing">growing</span> <span word="segment">segment</span> <span word="ofproduction">ofproduction</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="economies">economies</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="open">open</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="welcome">welcome</span> <span word="foreign">foreign</span> <span word="investment">investment</span>. <span word="InArgentina">InArgentina</span>, <span word="for">for</span> <span word="instance">instance</span>, <span word="after">after</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="reforms">reforms</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="early">early</span> 1990<span word="s">s</span>, <span word="multinationalswent">multinationalswent</span> <span word="from">from</span> 43% <span word="to">to</span> <span word="almost">almost</span> 70% <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="industrial">industrial</span> <span word="production">production</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> 200 <span word="largestfirms">largestfirms</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="phenomenon">phenomenon</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="created">created</span> <span word="serious">serious</span> <span word="concerns">concerns</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="role">role</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="smallereconomic">smallereconomic</span> <span word="firms">firms</span>, <span word="of">of</span> <span word="national">national</span> <span word="businessmen">businessmen</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ultimate">ultimate</span> <span word="stability">stability</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="theworld">theworld</span> <span word="economy">economy</span>. <span word="I">I</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="forces">forces</span> <span word="behind">behind</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="massive">massive</span> <span word="M">M</span> <span word="Awave">Awave</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="underlie">underlie</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="globalization">globalization</span> <span word="process">process</span>: <span word="fallingtransportation">fallingtransportation</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="communication">communication</span> <span word="costs">costs</span>, <span word="lower">lower</span> <span word="trade">trade</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="investment">investment</span> <span word="barriers">barriers</span> <span word="andenlarged">andenlarged</span> <span word="markets">markets</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="require">require</span> <span word="enlarged">enlarged</span> <span word="operations">operations</span> <span word="capable">capable</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="meeting">meeting</span> <span word="customers">customers</span> <span word="demands">demands</span>. <span word="All">All</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="beneficial">beneficial</span>, <span word="not">not</span> <span word="detrimental">detrimental</span>, <span word="to">to</span> <span word="consumers">consumers</span>. <span word="Asproductivity">Asproductivity</span> <span word="grows">grows</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="wealth">wealth</span> <span word="increases">increases</span>. <span word="Examples">Examples</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="benefits">benefits</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="costs">costs</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="current">current</span> <span word="concentration">concentration</span> <span word="waveare">waveare</span> <span word="scanty">scanty</span>. <span word="Yet">Yet</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="imagine">imagine</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="merger">merger</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="oil">oil</span> <span word="firms">firms</span> <span word="todaycould">todaycould</span> <span word="re">re</span>-<span word="create">create</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="threats">threats</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="competition">competition</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="feared">feared</span> <span word="nearly">nearly</span> <span word="acentury">acentury</span> <span word="ago">ago</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="U">U</span>.<span word="S">S</span>., <span word="when">when</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Standard">Standard</span> <span word="Oil">Oil</span> <span word="trust">trust</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="broken">broken</span> <span word="up">up</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="mergersof">mergersof</span> <span word="telecom">telecom</span> <span word="companies">companies</span>, <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="WorldCom">WorldCom</span>, <span word="hardly">hardly</span> <span word="seem">seem</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="bring">bring</span> <span word="higher">higher</span> <span word="prices">prices</span> <span word="forconsumers">forconsumers</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="reduction">reduction</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="pace">pace</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="technical">technical</span> <span word="progress">progress</span>. <span word="On">On</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="contrary">contrary</span>,<span word="the">the</span> <span word="price">price</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="communications">communications</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="coming">coming</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="fast">fast</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="cars">cars</span>, <span word="too">too</span>, <span word="concentration">concentration</span> <span word="isincreasingwitness">isincreasingwitness</span> <span word="Daimler">Daimler</span> <span word="andChrysler">andChrysler</span>, <span word="Renault">Renault</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Nissanbut">Nissanbut</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="does">does</span> <span word="notappear">notappear</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="consumers">consumers</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="hurt">hurt</span>. <span word="Yet">Yet</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fact">fact</span> <span word="remains">remains</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="merger">merger</span> <span word="movement">movement</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="watched">watched</span>. <span word="Afew">Afew</span> <span word="weeks">weeks</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>, <span word="Alan">Alan</span> <span word="Greenspan">Greenspan</span> <span word="warned">warned</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="megamergers">megamergers</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bankingindustry">bankingindustry</span>. <span word="Who">Who</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="supervise">supervise</span>, <span word="regulate">regulate</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="operate">operate</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="lender">lender</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="lastresort">lastresort</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="gigantic">gigantic</span> <span word="banks">banks</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="created">created</span>? <span word="Won">Won</span> <span word="t">t</span> <span word="multinationalsshift">multinationalsshift</span> <span word="production">production</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="place">place</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="another">another</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="nation">nation</span> <span word="gets">gets</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="strict">strict</span> <span word="aboutinfringements">aboutinfringements</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="fair">fair</span> <span word="competition">competition</span>? <span word="And">And</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="country">country</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="upon">upon</span> <span word="itself">itself</span> <span word="therole">therole</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="defendingcompetition">defendingcompetition</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="issues">issues</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="affect">affect</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="nations">nations</span>, <span word="as">as</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="U">U</span>.<span word="S">S</span>. <span word="vs">vs</span>.<span word="Microsoft">Microsoft</span> <span word="case">case</span>? 33. <span word="What">What</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="typical">typical</span> <span word="trend">trend</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="businesses">businesses</span> <span word="today">today</span>? [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="To">To</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="foreign">foreign</span> <span word="funds">funds</span> [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="To">To</span> <span word="invest">invest</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="abroad">abroad</span> [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="To">To</span> <span word="combine">combine</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="become">become</span> <span word="bigger">bigger</span> [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="To">To</span> <span word="trade">trade</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="countries">countries</span> 34. <span word="According">According</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="author">author</span>, <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="driving">driving</span> <span word="forces">forces</span> <span word="behindM">behindM</span> <span word="A">A</span> <span word="wave">wave</span> <span word="is">is</span> _________. [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="the">the</span> <span word="greater">greater</span> <span word="customer">customer</span> <span word="demands">demands</span> [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="a">a</span> <span word="surplus">surplus</span> <span word="supply">supply</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="market">market</span> [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="a">a</span> <span word="growing">growing</span> <span word="productivity">productivity</span> [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="the">the</span> <span word="increase">increase</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="wealth">wealth</span> 35. <span word="From">From</span> <span word="paragraph">paragraph</span> 4 <span word="we">we</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="infer">infer</span> <span word="that">that</span> _________. [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="the">the</span> <span word="increasing">increasing</span> <span word="concentration">concentration</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="certain">certain</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="hurt">hurt</span> <span word="consumers">consumers</span> [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="WorldCom">WorldCom</span> <span word="serves">serves</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="example">example</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="both">both</span> <span word="benefits">benefits</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="costs">costs</span> [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="the">the</span> <span word="costs">costs</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="globalization">globalization</span> <span word="process">process</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="enormous">enormous</span> [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="the">the</span> <span word="Standard">Standard</span> <span word="Oil">Oil</span> <span word="trust">trust</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="threatened">threatened</span> <span word="competition">competition</span> 36. <span word="Toward">Toward</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="business">business</span> <span word="wave">wave</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="writer">writer</span> <span word="s">s</span> <span word="attitude">attitude</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="besaid">besaid</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> _________. [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="optimistic">optimistic</span> [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="objective">objective</span> [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="pessimistic">pessimistic</span> [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="biased">biased</span> 名师解析 33. <span word="What">What</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="typical">typical</span> <span word="trend">trend</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="businesses">businesses</span> <span word="today">today</span>? 今天的商业典型的发展趋势是什么? [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="To">To</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="foreign">foreign</span> <span word="funds">funds</span> 吸收更多外资 [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="To">To</span> <span word="invest">invest</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="abroad">abroad</span> 进行更多对外投资 [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="To">To</span> <span word="combine">combine</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="become">become</span> <span word="bigger">bigger</span> 合并做强 [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="To">To</span> <span word="trade">trade</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="countries">countries</span> 与更多国家贸易 【答案】 <span word="C">C</span> 【考点】事实细节题。 【分析】文章第一段中说世界正在经历一场前所未有的最大的的并购浪潮。这个浪潮从异常活跃的美国开始，横扫欧洲，并以不可比拟的威力影响到正在崛起的国家，因此可以判断正确答案是 [<span word="C">C</span>] 。 34. <span word="According">According</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="author">author</span>, <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="driving">driving</span> <span word="forces">forces</span> <span word="behindM">behindM</span> <span word="A">A</span> <span word="wave">wave</span> <span word="is">is</span> _______. 根据本文作者，在合并浪潮背后的一个驱动力是 ______ 。 [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="the">the</span> <span word="greater">greater</span> <span word="customer">customer</span> <span word="demands">demands</span> 更大的消费需求 [<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="a">a</span> <span word="surplus">surplus</span> <span word="supply">supply</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="market">market</span> 对市场的剩余供给 [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="a">a</span> <span word="growing">growing</span> <span word="productivity">productivity</span> 日益增长的生产率 [<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="the">the</span> <span word="increase">increase</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="worlds">worlds</span> <span word="wealth">wealth</span>世界财富的增长 【答案】 <span word="A">A</span> 【考点】事实细节题。 【分析】根据合并浪潮的推动力可以定位到第三段。在作者看来，日趋下降的运输与通讯费用，较低的贸易与投资壁垒，以及市场的扩大和为满足市场需求而进行的扩大生产，是推动这股巨大的并购浪潮的最主要的力量，也是推动全球化进程的力量。将四个选项对比这三个因素，只有 [<span word="A">A</span>] 包括了根据顾客的需要扩大市场这个因素。 35. <span word="From">From</span> <span word="paragraph">paragraph</span> 4 <span word="we">we</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="infer">infer</span> <span word="that">that</span> _____. 从第四段中我们可以推断出 _____ 。 [<span word="A">A</span>] <span word="the">the</span> <span word="increasing">increasing</span> <span word="concentration">concentration</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="certain">certain</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="hurt">hurt</span> <span word="consumers">consumers</span> 日益增长的集中肯定会损害消费者的利益 [<span word="B">B</span>] <span word="WorldCom">WorldCom</span> <span word="serves">serves</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="example">example</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="both">both</span> <span word="benefits">benefits</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="costs">costs</span> 世通就是一个合并利与弊的好例子 [<span word="C">C</span>] <span word="the">the</span> <span word="costs">costs</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="globalization">globalization</span> <span word="process">process</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="enormous">enormous</span> 全球化进程的成本很高 [<span word="D">D</span>] <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Standard">Standard</span> <span word="Oil">Oil</span> <span word="trust">trust</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="threatened">threatened</span> <span word="competition">competition</span> 标准石油托拉斯或许已经威胁到竞争 【答案】 <span word="D">D</span> 【考点】推断题。 【分析】 [<span word="A">A</span>] 日益增长的集中肯定会损害消费者的利益与原文第四段第一句不符合，因为作者说这股合并浪潮是带来益处还是弊端的实例还很少，因此很难说肯定会带来损害。 [<span word="B">B</span>] 提到世通，说是一个带来利益和降低成本的好例子。这句说是价格没有随着合并而提高，并没有提到价格降低问题，因此，合并虽然没有伤害消费者，也没有给他们带来利益。 [<span word="C">C</span>] 本段没有涉及。 [<span word="D">D</span>] 可以从文中很难想像当今的几个石油公司的合并能够再次造成像 100 年前美国标准石油托拉斯对竞争形成的威胁，这说明当年这个石油公司肯定曾经对竞争造成巨大威胁。 36. <span word="Toward">Toward</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="business">business</span> <span word="wave">wave</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="writers">writers</span> <span word="attitude">attitude</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> _____. 作者看待新的商业浪潮的态度可以说是 _______ 。 [<span word="A">A</span>]<span word="optimistic">optimistic</span> 乐观的[<span word="B">B</span>]<span word="objective">objective</span> 客观的 [<span word="C">C</span>]<span word="pessimistic">pessimistic</span> 悲观的[<span word="D">D</span>]<span word="biased">biased</span> 歧视的 【答案】 <span word="B">B</span> 【考点】作者态度题。 【分析】本题考查考生是否了解作者的态度。文中作者提到了合并的益处，但是同时也在第四段中提到我们必须警惕这样的合并浪潮。作者是从两个方面来谈论这个问题的，因此我们可以判断作者的态度应该是客观的。 难句解析： 1. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="phenomenon">phenomenon</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="created">created</span> <span word="serious">serious</span> <span word="concerns">concerns</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="role">role</span> <span word="ofsmaller">ofsmaller</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="firms">firms</span>, <span word="of">of</span> <span word="national">national</span> <span word="businessmen">businessmen</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ultimate">ultimate</span> <span word="stabilityof">stabilityof</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="economy">economy</span>. 【结构分析】本题的主干是 <span word="Thisphenomenon">Thisphenomenon</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="created">created</span> <span word="serious">serious</span> <span word="concerns">concerns</span> ，两个 <span word="over">over</span> 引导介宾短语，是并列的成分，做 <span word="concern">concern</span> 的定语。而 <span word="ofsmaller">ofsmaller</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="firms">firms</span> 与 <span word="ofnational">ofnational</span> <span word="businessmen">businessmen</span> 都是第一个 <span word="role">role</span> 的定语。 2. <span word="I">I</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="forces">forces</span> <span word="behind">behind</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="massiveM">massiveM</span> <span word="A">A</span> <span word="wave">wave</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="underlie">underlie</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="globalization">globalization</span> <span word="process">process</span>: <span word="fallingtransportation">fallingtransportation</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="communication">communication</span> <span word="costs">costs</span>, <span word="lower">lower</span> <span word="trade">trade</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="investment">investment</span> <span word="barriers">barriers</span> <span word="andenlarged">andenlarged</span> <span word="markets">markets</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="require">require</span> <span word="enlarged">enlarged</span> <span word="operations">operations</span> <span word="capable">capable</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="meeting">meeting</span> <span word="customers">customers</span> <span word="demands">demands</span>. 【结构分析】本句主句是 <span word="Ibelieve">Ibelieve</span> ， <span word="that">that</span> 引导一个宾语从句，在这个宾语从句中，后面的 <span word="that">that</span> 前面省略了 <span word="forces">forces</span> ，这个 <span word="that">that</span> 引导一个定语从句，修饰这个省略的 <span word="forces">forces</span> 。冒号后面的部分是 <span word="themost">themost</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="forces">forces</span> 的同位语，其中 <span word="markets">markets</span>后面的 <span word="that">that</span> 引导定语从句修饰 <span word="markets">markets</span> ， <span word="capableof">capableof</span> <span word="meeting">meeting</span> <span word="customers">customers</span> <span word="demands">demands</span> 是<span word="operations">operations</span> 的定语。 全文翻译： 世界正在经历一场前所未有的最大的的并购浪潮。这个浪潮从异常活跃的美国开始，横扫欧洲，并以不可比拟的威力影响到正在崛起的国家。这些国家的许多人面对这个浪潮，倍感忧虑：商业集中的浪潮会不会演变成一股无法控制的反竞争的力量? 无疑，大企业正在变得更大、更强。 1982 年，跨国公司占国际贸易不到 20 %的份额。而如今，这个数字已经超过 25 %，并且还在迅速上升。在那些对外开放并鼓励外资的经济体中，国际分公司在生产中也正占据一个越来越大的份额。比如，在阿根廷，经过 90 年代初的改革之后，跨国公司在 200 家大型企业的工业生产中从 43 %增加到几乎 70 %。这个现象使人们开始重视小型企业和民族资本的作用以及世界经济的最终稳定。 我认为，日趋下降的运输与通讯费用，较低的贸易与投资壁垒，以及市场的扩大和为满足市场需求而进行的扩大生产，是推动这股巨大的并购浪潮的最主要的力量，也是推动全球化进程的力量。所有这些对消费者来说都是有益而无害的。随着生产力的提高，世界的财富也在增长。 这股合并浪潮是带来益处还是弊端的实例还很少。但是很难想像当今的几个石油公司的合并能够再次造成像 100 年前美国标准石油托拉斯对竞争形成的威胁，人们当时很害怕这家公司，结果导致了它最终的解散。像世通这样的通讯公司的合并似乎不会抬高消费价格，或者减缓技术进步的速度，与之相反的是通信的价格的快速下降。汽车行业的合并也同样在增加瞧瞧戴姆勒与克莱斯勒，雷诺与尼桑的合并但看起来消费者并未受到伤害。 但是有一个事实，那就是合并必须受到密切关注。就在几星期以前，格林斯潘对银行业的大规模合并发出了警告。正在创建的这样的巨大的银行一旦出现，谁来充当最终的借贷者，谁来发挥监督、规范和运作的作用呢?当一个国家对破坏公平竞争的行为的处理过于严厉时，跨国公司会不会把它们的生产从一地转到另一地呢?在那些将会影响许多其他国家的问题上，一个国家是否应该发挥保护竞争的作用，就如同美国政府对微软公司案例那样?</p>
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