2014考研英语辅导阅读理解解题技巧
<p> 在阅读理解备战中，阅读理解正确的解题方法和技巧你了解多少呢?接下来就为大家整理分享一下的解题技巧，供参考。 1.理解文章的行文思路 英语文章的行文特点一般是相对固定的，结构类型也相对固定。以往年一套理解试题的第二篇文章为例来说明观点论证型文章的行文特点。 因为所有的文章都是来自现实生活。因此，作者的文章必定围绕着一个主题：<span word="biomedical">biomedical</span> <span word="researches">researches</span>，<span word="animal">animal</span> <span word="rightsadvocates">rightsadvocates</span>作者通常会以引言或事例引出要议论的话题：<span word="To">To</span> <span word="paraphrase">paraphrase</span> 18<span word="th">th</span>-<span word="century">century</span> <span word="statesman">statesman</span> <span word="Edmund">Edmund</span> <span word="Burke">Burke</span>, <span word="all">all</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="isneeded">isneeded</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="triumph">triumph</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="amisguided">amisguided</span> <span word="cause">cause</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="nothing">nothing</span>然后作者必定要提出自己的观点：<span word="Scientists">Scientists</span> <span word="need">need</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="respondforcefully">respondforcefully</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="animal">animal</span> <span word="rights">rights</span> <span word="advocates">advocates</span>,<span word="whose">whose</span> <span word="arguments">arguments</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="confusing">confusing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="publicand">publicand</span> <span word="thereby">thereby</span> <span word="threatening">threatening</span> <span word="advances">advances</span> <span word="inhealth">inhealth</span> <span word="knowledge">knowledge</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="care">care</span>。 接下来笔者会用举例等方法来论证自己的观点： 1.<span word="For">For</span> <span word="example">example</span>,<span word="agrandmotherly">agrandmotherly</span> <span word="woman">woman</span> 2.<span word="Scientistsmustcommunicate">Scientistsmustcommunicate</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="message">message</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="public">public</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="compassionate">compassionate</span>, <span word="understandablewayin">understandablewayin</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="terms">terms</span>, <span word="not">not</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="language">language</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="molecular">molecular</span> <span word="biology">biology</span>; 在文章的结尾处，作者还会提出解决问题的方法<span word="Muchcanbe">Muchcanbe</span> <span word="done">done</span>。不难看出，熟知文章的行文思路，对解答文章的主旨大意题、段落内的推理判断题以及作者的观点态度题都是极有帮助的。我们建议考生朋友们在做了一定量的历年真题之后，回过头来总结一下文章的结构特点，这对以后的阅读和解题都会大有裨益。 2.快速弄清楚文章主次内容 一篇文章所包含的内容很多，而试题往往只考查其主要思想观点和部分细节内容，因此大家在读完文章后面的阅读试题后，要确立这样一个意识：即只关注和查找和试题有关的内容，只要能够回答问题，不必弄懂每一个细节。这种阅读方法的依据是，考研阅读当中的试题60%以上题型为细节题，解答这些试题，只要找到其在原文中的出处，就能够确定答案，不需要联系文章的其他内容。 阅读文章当中常常有一些举例的地方，其所设涉及的人物往往有很长的定语，比如<span word="Nancy">Nancy</span> <span word="Dubler">Dubler</span>, <span word="director">director</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Montefiore">Montefiore</span> <span word="Medical">Medical</span> <span word="Center">Center</span>, <span word="contends">contends</span> <span word="thatGeorge">thatGeorge</span> <span word="Annas">Annas</span>, <span word="chair">chair</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="health">health</span> <span word="law">law</span> <span word="department">department</span> <span word="atBostonUniversity">atBostonUniversity</span>, <span word="maintains">maintains</span> <span word="that">that</span>对于这些细节，我们一般不用对人名后的限制说明部分太注意，重点是看这个人他/她有什么观点。 3.注意文章中的观点和事实细节 区分事实和观点是阅读理解能力最为重要的一环。表明作者观点的句子一般为判断句，如，<span word="There">There</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="reasons">reasons</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="optimistic">optimistic</span>. <span word="Sad">Sad</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="say">say</span>, <span word="this">this</span> <span word="projecthasturned">projecthasturned</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="mostly">mostly</span> <span word="low">low</span> <span word="level">level</span> <span word="findings">findings</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="factual">factual</span> <span word="errors">errors</span>. <span word="I">I</span> <span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="forces">forces</span> <span word="behind">behind</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="massiveM">massiveM</span> <span word="Awave">Awave</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="underlie">underlie</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="globalization">globalization</span> <span word="processAll">processAll</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="beneficial">beneficial</span>, <span word="not">not</span> <span word="detrimental">detrimental</span>, <span word="to">to</span> <span word="customers">customers</span>。文章中事实细节往往带有更加明显的标志，如<span word="For">For</span> <span word="example">example</span>, <span word="For">For</span> <span word="instance">instance</span>, <span word="In">In</span> <span word="America">America</span>,还有一些数据等都是事实细节的标志。 4.利用一切线索为解题服务 文章中的连词和副词是解题的线索 连词和副词是文章当中的重要连接词。它们使文章的各种内容成为一个逻辑整体。需要大家注意的词有<span word="but">but</span>、<span word="however">however</span>、<span word="nevertheless">nevertheless</span>、<span word="while">while</span>、<span word="though">though</span>、<span word="although">although</span>、<span word="and">and</span>、<span word="on">on</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="hand">hand</span>--<span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="hand">hand</span>、<span word="consequently">consequently</span>、<span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="result">result</span>、<span word="consequently">consequently</span>、<span word="thus">thus</span>等等。这些词表达着文章当中的并列、因果、转折等逻辑关系，往往是作者表明自己观点的依据. </p>
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