考研英语的阅读理解专项练习006
<p> <span word="That">That</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="ecological">ecological</span> <span word="crisis">crisis</span> <span word="confronts">confronts</span> <span word="humankind">humankind</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="central">central</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="thinking">thinking</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="notion">notion</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="beings">beings</span> <span word="adapt">adapt</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="natural">natural</span> <span word="environment">environment</span> <span word="seems">seems</span> <span word="obvious">obvious</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="ecological">ecological</span> <span word="interpretations">interpretations</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="history">history</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="surprisingly">surprisingly</span> <span word="recent">recent</span>. <span word="Sociologists">Sociologists</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="attempting">attempting</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="classify">classify</span> <span word="societies">societies</span>, <span word="have">have</span> <span word="looked">looked</span> <span word="increasingly">increasingly</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="peoples">peoples</span> <span word="relationshipwith">relationshipwith</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="natural">natural</span> <span word="environment">environment</span> <span word="and">and</span>, <span word="provide">provide</span> <span word="food">food</span>, <span word="clothing">clothing</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="shelter">shelter</span>. <span word="Human">Human</span> <span word="beings">beings</span> <span word="meet">meet</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="needs">needs</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="wide">wide</span> <span word="variety">variety</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="environments">environments</span>, <span word="including">including</span> <span word="deserts">deserts</span>, <span word="rain">rain</span> <span word="forests">forests</span>, <span word="grasslands">grasslands</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="on">on</span>. <span word="Such">Such</span> <span word="environments">environments</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="part">part</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="ecosystem">ecosystem</span>, <span word="acomplex">acomplex</span> <span word="web">web</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="interdependencies">interdependencies</span> <span word="among">among</span> <span word="organisms">organisms</span>, <span word="communities">communities</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="organisms">organisms</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="natural">natural</span> <span word="habital">habital</span>. <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="societal">societal</span> <span word="variation">variation</span> <span word="derives">derives</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="demands">demands</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="ecosystems">ecosystems</span>. <span word="Customs">Customs</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="ways">ways</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="life">life</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="adaptive">adaptive</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="ecosystem">ecosystem</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="maladaptive">maladaptive</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="another">another</span>.</p><p> <span word="We">We</span> <span word="confront">confront</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="habitat">habitat</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="evolve">evolve</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="mode">mode</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="existence">existence</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="lone">lone</span> <span word="individuals">individuals</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="cooperatively">cooperatively</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="larger">larger</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="units">units</span>. <span word="Social">Social</span> <span word="organization">organization</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="technology">technology</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="chief">chief</span> <span word="adaptive">adaptive</span> <span word="mechanisms">mechanisms</span>. <span word="Social">Social</span> <span word="organization">organization</span> <span word="develops">develops</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="create">create</span> <span word="stable">stable</span>, <span word="ordered">ordered</span> <span word="relationships">relationships</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="become">become</span> <span word="infused">infused</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="common">common</span> <span word="cultural">cultural</span> <span word="traits">traits</span>. <span word="Much">Much</span> <span word="depends">depends</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="whether">whether</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="values">values</span>, <span word="norms">norms</span>, <span word="beliefs">beliefs</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="institutions">institutions</span> <span word="favor">favor</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="foreclose">foreclose</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="avenues">avenues</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="adaption">adaption</span>. <span word="Likewise">Likewise</span>, <span word="technology">technology</span>-<span word="the">the</span> <span word="application">application</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="knowledge">knowledge</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="practical">practical</span> <span word="eds">eds</span>-<span word="allows">allows</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="harness">harness</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="change">change</span> <span word="aspects">aspects</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="environment">environment</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="broadest">broadest</span> <span word="sense">sense</span>, <span word="technology">technology</span> <span word="entails">entails</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="practical">practical</span> <span word="arts">arts</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="skills">skills</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="society">society</span>. <span word="As">As</span> <span word="technology">technology</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="become">become</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="advanced">advanced</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="gained">gained</span> <span word="access">access</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="greater">greater</span> <span word="amounts">amounts</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="non">non</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="energy">energy</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="turen">turen</span>, <span word="new">new</span> <span word="sources">sources</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="allowed">allowed</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="cultures">cultures</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="expand">expand</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="change">change</span>. <span word="Other">Other</span> <span word="changes">changes</span> <span word="follow">follow</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="well">well</span>.</p>
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