2014年考研英语阅读的经典试题及答案(15)
<p> <span word="SAMPLE">SAMPLE</span> 15</p><p> [生态学]</p><p> 题目序号</p><p> 题型归类</p><p> 第1题</p><p> 中心主旨题型</p><p> 第2题</p><p> 细节推导题型</p><p> 第3题</p><p> 审题定位与中心主旨题型</p><p> 第4题</p><p> 归纳推导题型</p><p> 第5题</p><p> 写作手法题型</p><p> <span word="As">As</span> <span word="Gilbert">Gilbert</span> <span word="White">White</span>, <span word="Darwin">Darwin</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="others">others</span> <span word="observed">observed</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>, <span word="all">all</span> <span word="speciesappear">speciesappear</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="innate">innate</span> <span word="capacity">capacity</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="increase">increase</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="numbers">numbers</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="generation">generation</span> <span word="togeneration">togeneration</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="task">task</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="ecologists">ecologists</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="untangle">untangle</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="environmental">environmental</span> <span word="andbiological">andbiological</span> <span word="factors">factors</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="hold">hold</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="intrinsic">intrinsic</span> <span word="capacity">capacity</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="population">population</span> <span word="growth">growth</span> <span word="incheck">incheck</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="run">run</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="variety">variety</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="dynamic">dynamic</span> <span word="behaviors">behaviors</span> <span word="exhibited">exhibited</span> <span word="bydifferent">bydifferent</span> <span word="population">population</span> <span word="makes">makes</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="task">task</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="difficult">difficult</span>: <span word="some">some</span> <span word="populations">populations</span> <span word="remainroughly">remainroughly</span> <span word="constant">constant</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="year">year</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="year">year</span>; <span word="others">others</span> <span word="exhibit">exhibit</span> <span word="regular">regular</span> <span word="cycles">cycles</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="abundanceand">abundanceand</span> <span word="scarcity">scarcity</span>; <span word="still">still</span> <span word="others">others</span> <span word="vary">vary</span> <span word="wildly">wildly</span>, <span word="with">with</span> <span word="outbreaks">outbreaks</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="crashes">crashes</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="insome">insome</span> <span word="cases">cases</span> <span word="plainly">plainly</span> <span word="correlated">correlated</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="weather">weather</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="cases">cases</span> <span word="not">not</span>.</p><p> <span word="To">To</span> <span word="impose">impose</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="order">order</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="kaleidoscope">kaleidoscope</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="patterns">patterns</span>, <span word="one">one</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="ofthought">ofthought</span> <span word="proposes">proposes</span> <span word="dividing">dividing</span> <span word="populations">populations</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="groups">groups</span>. <span word="These">These</span> <span word="ecologists">ecologists</span> <span word="positthat">positthat</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="relatively">relatively</span> <span word="steady">steady</span> <span word="populations">populations</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="density">density</span>-<span word="dependent">dependent</span> <span word="growth">growth</span> <span word="parameters">parameters</span>; <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span>, <span word="ratesof">ratesof</span> <span word="birth">birth</span>, <span word="death">death</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="migration">migration</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="depend">depend</span> <span word="strongly">strongly</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="population">population</span> <span word="density">density</span>. <span word="Thehighly">Thehighly</span> <span word="varying">varying</span> <span word="populations">populations</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="density">density</span>-<span word="independent">independent</span> <span word="growth">growth</span> <span word="parameters">parameters</span>, <span word="with">with</span> <span word="vital">vital</span> <span word="rates">rates</span> <span word="buffeted">buffeted</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="environmental">environmental</span> <span word="events">events</span>;<span word="these">these</span> <span word="rates">rates</span> <span word="fluctuate">fluctuate</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="wholly">wholly</span> <span word="independent">independent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="populationdensity">populationdensity</span>.</p>
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