2014年考研英语的翻译模拟试题(七)
<p> 七、相对论</p><p> <span word="Relativity">Relativity</span> <span word="theory">theory</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="profound">profound</span> <span word="influence">influence</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="picture">picture</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="matter">matter</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="forcing">forcing</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="modify">modify</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="concept">concept</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="particle">particle</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="essential">essential</span> <span word="way">way</span>.</p><p> (47)<span word="In">In</span> <span word="classical">classical</span> <span word="physics">physics</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mass">mass</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="object">object</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="associated">associated</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="indestructible">indestructible</span> <span word="material">material</span> <span word="substance">substance</span>, <span word="with">with</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="stuff">stuff</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="things">things</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="thought">thought</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="made">made</span>. <span word="Relativity">Relativity</span> <span word="theory">theory</span> <span word="showed">showed</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="mass">mass</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="nothing">nothing</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="substance">substance</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="form">form</span> <span word="energy">energy</span>. <span word="Energy">Energy</span>, <span word="however">however</span>, <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="dynamic">dynamic</span> <span word="quantity">quantity</span> <span word="associated">associated</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="activity">activity</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="processes">processes</span>.</p><p> (48)<span word="The">The</span> <span word="fact">fact</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mass">mass</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="particle">particle</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="equivalent">equivalent</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="certain">certain</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="means">means</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="particle">particle</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="longer">longer</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="seen">seen</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="static">static</span> <span word="object">object</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="conceived">conceived</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="dynamic">dynamic</span> <span word="pattern">pattern</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="process">process</span> <span word="involving">involving</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="manifest">manifest</span> <span word="itself">itself</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="particles">particles</span> <span word="mass">mass</span>.</p><p> (49)<span word="This">This</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="view">view</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="particles">particles</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="initiated">initiated</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="Dirac">Dirac</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="formulated">formulated</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="relativistic">relativistic</span> <span word="equation">equation</span> <span word="describing">describing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="behavior">behavior</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="electrons">electrons</span>. <span word="Diracs">Diracs</span> <span word="theory">theory</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="extremely">extremely</span> <span word="successful">successful</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="accounting">accounting</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fine">fine</span> <span word="details">details</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="atomic">atomic</span> <span word="structure">structure</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="revealed">revealed</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="fundamental">fundamental</span> <span word="symmetry">symmetry</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="matter">matter</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="anti">anti</span>-<span word="matter">matter</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="predicted">predicted</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="existence">existence</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="anti">anti</span>-<span word="matter">matter</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="mass">mass</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="electron">electron</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="opposite">opposite</span> <span word="charge">charge</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="positively">positively</span> <span word="charged">charged</span> <span word="particle">particle</span>, <span word="now">now</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="positron">positron</span>, <span word="was">was</span> <span word="indeed">indeed</span> <span word="discovered">discovered</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="Dirac">Dirac</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="predicted">predicted</span> <span word="it">it</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="symmetry">symmetry</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="matter">matter</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="anti">anti</span>-<span word="matter">matter</span> <span word="implies">implies</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="every">every</span> <span word="particle">particle</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="exists">exists</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="antiparticles">antiparticles</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="equal">equal</span> <span word="mass">mass</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="opposite">opposite</span> <span word="charge">charge</span>. <span word="Pairs">Pairs</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="particles">particles</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="antiparticles">antiparticles</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="created">created</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="enough">enough</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="available">available</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="turn">turn</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="pure">pure</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="reverse">reverse</span> <span word="process">process</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="destruction">destruction</span>.</p>
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