考研英语阅读理解精读100篇UNIT15
<p> <span word="TEXT">TEXT</span> <span word="ONE">ONE</span></p><p> <span word="Albert">Albert</span> <span word="Ellis">Ellis</span>, <span word="who">who</span> <span word="died">died</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="month">month</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="age">age</span> 93, <span word="believed">believed</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="psychotherapy">psychotherapy</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="short">short</span> <span word="term">term</span>, <span word="goal">goal</span> <span word="oriented">oriented</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="efficient">efficient</span>; <span word="his">his</span> <span word="method">method</span>, <span word="introduced">introduced</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1955 <span word="and">and</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="rational">rational</span> <span word="emotive">emotive</span> <span word="behavior">behavior</span> <span word="therapy">therapy</span>, <span word="is">is</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="foundations">foundations</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="todays">todays</span> <span word="cognitive">cognitive</span>-<span word="behavioral">behavioral</span> <span word="therapy">therapy</span>.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="theory">theory</span>: <span word="Irrational">Irrational</span> <span word="ways">ways</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="thinking">thinking</span> <span word="underlie">underlie</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="psychological">psychological</span> <span word="conditions">conditions</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="patients">patients</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="better">better</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="tackling">tackling</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="skewed">skewed</span> <span word="thinking">thinking</span> <span word="patterns">patterns</span>, <span word="correcting">correcting</span> <span word="them">them</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="developing">developing</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="ones">ones</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="a">a</span> 2006 <span word="survey">survey</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="workers">workers</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="psychologists">psychologists</span> <span word="conducted">conducted</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="Psychotherapy">Psychotherapy</span> <span word="Networker">Networker</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="partnership">partnership</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="Joan">Joan</span> <span word="Cook">Cook</span>, <span word="an">an</span> <span word="adjunct">adjunct</span> <span word="assistant">assistant</span> <span word="professor">professor</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="medical">medical</span> <span word="psychology">psychology</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="Columbia">Columbia</span> <span word="University">University</span>, <span word="over">over</span> 60 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="employ">employ</span> <span word="cognitive">cognitive</span>-<span word="behavioral">behavioral</span> <span word="techniques">techniques</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="work">work</span>.</p><p> <span word="What">What</span> <span word="cognitive">cognitive</span> <span word="therapy">therapy</span> <span word="does">does</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="focus">focus</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="present">present</span>, <span word="says">says</span> <span word="Judith">Judith</span> <span word="Beck">Beck</span>, <span word="director">director</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Beck">Beck</span> <span word="Institute">Institute</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="Cognitive">Cognitive</span> <span word="Therapy">Therapy</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Research">Research</span> <span word="outside">outside</span> <span word="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</span>. <span word="Beck">Beck</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="daughter">daughter</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Aaron">Aaron</span> <span word="Beck">Beck</span>, <span word="who">who</span> <span word="developed">developed</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="own">own</span> <span word="form">form</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="cognitive">cognitive</span>-<span word="behavioral">behavioral</span> <span word="therapy">therapy</span>, <span word="simply">simply</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="cognitive">cognitive</span> <span word="therapy">therapy</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="early">early</span> 1960<span word="s">s</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="psychiatrist">psychiatrist</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="University">University</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</span>. <span word="Rather">Rather</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="exploring">exploring</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="depth">depth</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="issues">issues</span> <span word="surrounding">surrounding</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="patients">patients</span> <span word="childhood">childhood</span>, <span word="dreams">dreams</span>, <span word="past">past</span> <span word="relationships">relationships</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="life">life</span> <span word="experiences">experiences</span> <span word="essential">essential</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Freudian">Freudian</span> <span word="psychoanalysis">psychoanalysis</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="short">short</span>-<span word="term">term</span> <span word="cognitive">cognitive</span> <span word="approach">approach</span> <span word="focuses">focuses</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="developing">developing</span> <span word="skills">skills</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="patient">patient</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="better">better</span> <span word="week">week</span>. <span word="Cognitive">Cognitive</span> <span word="therapists">therapists</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="deeper">deeper</span> <span word="issues">issues</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="necessary">necessary</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="goal">goal</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="insight">insight</span> <span word="alone">alone</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="practical">practical</span> <span word="problem">problem</span> <span word="solving">solving</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="symptom">symptom</span> <span word="reduction">reduction</span>, <span word="says">says</span> <span word="Beck">Beck</span>.</p>
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