得背诵的考研阅读真题五
<p> <span word="What">What</span> <span word="accounts">accounts</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="outburst">outburst</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="major">major</span> <span word="inventions">inventions</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="early">early</span> <span word="America">America</span> -- <span word="breakthroughs">breakthroughs</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="telegraph">telegraph</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="steamboat">steamboat</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="weaving">weaving</span> <span word="machine">machine</span>?</p><p> <span word="Among">Among</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="shaping">shaping</span> <span word="factors">factors</span>, <span word="I">I</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="single">single</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="countrys">countrys</span> <span word="excellent">excellent</span> <span word="elementary">elementary</span> <span word="schools">schools</span>: <span word="a">a</span> <span word="labor">labor</span> <span word="force">force</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="welcomed">welcomed</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="technology">technology</span>; <span word="the">the</span> <span word="practice">practice</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="giving">giving</span> <span word="premiums">premiums</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="inventors">inventors</span>; <span word="and">and</span> <span word="above">above</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="genius">genius</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="nonverbal">nonverbal</span>, <span word="spatial">spatial</span> <span word="thinking">thinking</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="things">things</span> <span word="technological">technological</span>.</p><p> <span word="Why">Why</span> <span word="mention">mention</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="elementary">elementary</span> <span word="schools">schools</span>? <span word="Because">Because</span> <span word="thanks">thanks</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="schools">schools</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="early">early</span> <span word="mechanics">mechanics</span>, <span word="especially">especially</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="New">New</span> <span word="England">England</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Middle">Middle</span> <span word="Atlantic">Atlantic</span> <span word="states">states</span>, <span word="were">were</span> <span word="generally">generally</span> <span word="literate">literate</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="home">home</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="arithmetic">arithmetic</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="aspects">aspects</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="geometry">geometry</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="trigonometry">trigonometry</span>.</p><p> <span word="Acute">Acute</span> <span word="foreign">foreign</span> <span word="observers">observers</span> <span word="related">related</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="adaptiveness">adaptiveness</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="inventiveness">inventiveness</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="educational">educational</span>-<span word="advantage">advantage</span>. <span word="As">As</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="member">member</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="British">British</span> <span word="commission">commission</span> <span word="visiting">visiting</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1853 <span word="reported">reported</span>, <span word="With">With</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="mind">mind</span> <span word="prepared">prepared</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="thorough">thorough</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="discipline">discipline</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="boy">boy</span> <span word="develops">develops</span> <span word="rapidly">rapidly</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="skilled">skilled</span> <span word="workman">workman</span>.</p><p> <span word="A">A</span> <span word="further">further</span> <span word="stimulus">stimulus</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="invention">invention</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="premium">premium</span> <span word="system">system</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="preceded">preceded</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="patent">patent</span> <span word="system">system</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ran">ran</span> <span word="parallel">parallel</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="it">it</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="approach">approach</span>, <span word="originated">originated</span> <span word="abroad">abroad</span>, <span word="offered">offered</span> <span word="inventors">inventors</span> <span word="medals">medals</span>, <span word="cash">cash</span> <span word="prizes">prizes</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="incentives">incentives</span>.</p><p> <span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="United">United</span> <span word="States">States</span>, <span word="multitudes">multitudes</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="premiums">premiums</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="devices">devices</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="awarded">awarded</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="country">country</span> <span word="fairs">fairs</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="industrial">industrial</span> <span word="fairs">fairs</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="major">major</span> <span word="cities">cities</span>. <span word="Americans">Americans</span> <span word="flocked">flocked</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="fairs">fairs</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="admire">admire</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="machines">machines</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="thus">thus</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="renew">renew</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="faith">faith</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="beneficence">beneficence</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="technological">technological</span> <span word="advance">advance</span>.</p>
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