考研英语阅读难句语法分析－定语从句3
<p> 【难句】 <span word="That">That</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="surely">surely</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="history">history</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="judge">judge</span> <span word="modern">modern</span> <span word="criticism">criticism</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="video">video</span> <span word="games">games</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="accused">accused</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="turning">turning</span> <span word="young">young</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="violent">violent</span> <span word="criminals">criminals</span>.</p><p> 【结构分析】 本句的主句<span word="That">That</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="surely">surely</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="history">history</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="judge">judge</span> <span word="modern">modern</span> <span word="criticism">criticism</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="video">video</span> <span word="games">games</span>是主系表结构，其中表语由<span word="how">how</span>引导的名词性从句充当，定语从句<span word="which">which</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="accused">accused</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="turning">turning</span> <span word="young">young</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="violent">violent</span> <span word="criminals">criminals</span>修饰先行词<span word="video">video</span> <span word="games">games</span>，关系代词<span word="which">which</span>指代先行词<span word="video">video</span> <span word="games">games</span>在从句中作主语，这里使用了被动语态<span word="be">be</span> <span word="accused">accused</span> <span word="of">of</span>，在翻译时我们译成主动。</p><p> 【参考译文】 对于当今时代那些控诉电视游戏使年轻人变成暴力罪犯的批评者们，历史最终也将对他们作出同样的批判。</p><p> 【难句】 <span word="Management">Management</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="HR">HR</span> <span word="groups">groups</span> <span word="spend">spend</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lot">lot</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="talking">talking</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="engagement">engagement</span> ， <span word="which">which</span> <span word="comes">comes</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="getting">getting</span> <span word="employees">employees</span> <span word="excited">excited</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="re">re</span> <span word="doing">doing</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="contribution">contribution</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="company">company</span>.</p><p> 【结构分析】本句的主干一目了然：<span word="Management">Management</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="HR">HR</span> <span word="groups">groups</span> <span word="spend">spend</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lot">lot</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="talking">talking</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="engagement">engagement</span> ，<span word="which">which</span>引导的定语从句<span word="which">which</span> <span word="comes">comes</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="getting">getting</span> <span word="employees">employees</span> <span word="excited">excited</span> <span word="about">about</span> 。修饰先行词<span word="engagement">engagement</span>，关系代词<span word="which">which</span>在从句中作主语。介词<span word="about">about</span>后有两个宾语<span word="the">the</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="contribution">contribution</span>，其中<span word="work">work</span>的修饰语由一个省略了关系代词<span word="that">that</span>/<span word="which">which</span>的定语从句<span word="they">they</span> <span word="re">re</span> <span word="doing">doing</span>充当，关系代词在从句中作宾语，<span word="contribution">contribution</span>则由后置的介词短语修饰。</p>
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