考研英语阅读难句语法分析－分隔结构1
<p> 【难句】1. <span word="Adding">Adding</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="Bluetooth">Bluetooth</span> <span word="chip">chip</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="phone">phone</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="costs">costs</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="around">around</span> $2, <span word="down">down</span> <span word="from">from</span> $20 <span word="in">in</span> 2001 <span word="but">but</span> <span word="allows">allows</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="manufacturer">manufacturer</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="increase">increase</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="price">price</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="handset">handset</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="far">far</span> <span word="more">more</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="opens">opens</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="market">market</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="high">high</span>-<span word="margin">margin</span> <span word="accessories">accessories</span>.</p><p> 【结构分析】 本句是典型的破折号分隔。首先以连词为切入点，得到<span word="Adding">Adding</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="Bluetooth">Bluetooth</span> <span word="chip">chip</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="phone">phone</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="costs">costs</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="allows">allows</span> , <span word="and">and</span> <span word="opens">opens</span> <span word="up">up</span> ，介词短语<span word="around">around</span> $2, <span word="down">down</span> <span word="from">from</span> $20 <span word="in">in</span> 2001充当的分隔成分作上文<span word="costs">costs</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="little">little</span>的具体解释说明，分隔了前两个并列的谓语。 【参考译文】 在手机里添加一个蓝牙芯片的成本很低 从2001年时的20美元下降到2美元左右 但是可以允许制造者提高远远高出这个的价格，并且打开了一个高利润附件的市场。 【难句】2. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="refreshing">refreshing</span>, <span word="across">across</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="age">age</span> <span word="groups">groups</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="met">met</span>, <span word="to">to</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="quickly">quickly</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="grasped">grasped</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="whole">whole</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="rights">rights</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="how">how</span>, <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="bit">bit</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="prompting">prompting</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="teachers">teachers</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="me">me</span>, <span word="they">they</span> <span word="saw">saw</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="relevant">relevant</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="daily">daily</span> <span word="lives">lives</span>. 【结构分析】 本句使用了两处分隔，均由逗号表现。第一处分隔<span word="across">across</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="age">age</span> <span word="groups">groups</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="met">met</span>,分隔了主系表结构的一种特殊形式，即形容词+<span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span>作表语。去掉分隔部分，我们得到<span word="It">It</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="refreshing">refreshing</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="quickly">quickly</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="grasped">grasped</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="whole">whole</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="rights">rights</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="how">how</span>, <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="bit">bit</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="prompting">prompting</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="teachers">teachers</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="me">me</span>, <span word="they">they</span> <span word="saw">saw</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="relevant">relevant</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="daily">daily</span> <span word="lives">lives</span>。这里我们注意到<span word="see">see</span>后面的宾语由两个<span word="how">how</span>引导的从句充当：<span word="how">how</span> <span word="quickly">quickly</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="grasped">grasped</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="whole">whole</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="rights">rights</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="how">how</span> 清晰看到第二处分隔为介宾短语<span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="bit">bit</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="prompting">prompting</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="teachers">teachers</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="me">me</span>作的伴随状语。去掉分隔，得到<span word="It">It</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="refreshing">refreshing</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="quickly">quickly</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="grasped">grasped</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="whole">whole</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="rights">rights</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="saw">saw</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="relevant">relevant</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="daily">daily</span> <span word="lives">lives</span>，即由<span word="and">and</span>并列的两个<span word="how">how</span>引导的宾语从句。在第二个从句中，谓语<span word="say">say</span>后仍然是由<span word="how">how</span>引导的名词性从句<span word="how">how</span> <span word="relevant">relevant</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="daily">daily</span> <span word="lives">lives</span>充当宾语。在翻译时，我们可将两个分隔部分所作的状语提前。 【参考译文】 在我所见到的同年龄段的孩子们中，在我和他们的老师只给了一点儿提示的情况下，见证他们如何快速地领会人权的整体观念，如何认识到人权与他们的生活密切相关，这一点是非常让人兴奋的。</p>
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