英语：阅读基本功之难句过关大全－分割结构
<p> 分割结构是一种修辞手段,在英语句子中,特别是在书面语中,比较常见。分割结构就是指把英语句子中原来属于一个整体的句子成分分割开,一部分留在句子的原来位置,另一部分远离原来位置。</p><p> 如：<span word="The">The</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="books">books</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="treasuries">treasuries</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="words">words</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="golden">golden</span> <span word="thoughts">thoughts</span>, <span word="which">which</span>, <span word="remembered">remembered</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="cherished">cherished</span>, <span word="become">become</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="constant">constant</span> <span word="companions">companions</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="comforters">comforters</span>. 不难看出<span word="which">which</span> <span word="become">become</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="constant">constant</span> <span word="companions">companions</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="comforters">comforters</span>原本是一个整体,被用作状语的过去分词<span word="remembered">remembered</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="cherished">cherished</span>分割开。常见的分割结构形式有同位语或同位语从句与先行词的分割,定语或<span word="and">and</span>定语从句与先行词的分割,主语与谓语的分割,谓语与宾语的分割。使用分割结构的目的是使语句结构平衡,避免头重脚轻,或者为了使表达的主题思想更加突出醒目,读起来更通顺流畅。分割结构的存在说明了英语在结构形式和表达方法上的生动性和灵活性,但也造成了句子结构的错综复杂。对于分割结构,只有从结构上和语意上弄清它才能避免理解上的错误,英译汉时要把原来属于一个整体部分的意义译出。</p><p> 如： <span word="An">An</span> <span word="unusual">unusual</span> <span word="present">present</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="given">given</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="birthday">birthday</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="ethics">ethics</span>.过生日的时候他得到了一件不寻常的礼物--一本关于伦理道德的书。</p><p> 再如： <span word="After">After</span> <span word="Galileos">Galileos</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="feeling">feeling</span> <span word="grew">grew</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="universal">universal</span> <span word="laws">laws</span> <span word="governing">governing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="motion">motion</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="bodies">bodies</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="laws">laws</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="apply">apply</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="motion">motion</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="heavens">heavens</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="earth">earth</span>.在伽利略著作之后,这样的认识加强了,即认为存在着支配物体运动的普遍规律,这些规律不仅支配着地球上的也支配着天体上的物体的运动。</p>
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