考研阅读高分十二大策略之转折/对比原则
<p> 六、转折/对比原则</p><p> 议论文和说明文都强调逻辑的严谨性，而转折和对比常常可以用来测试考生在这一方面的阅读理解能力，所以考生对文中的转折和对比关系应高度重视，只要看到标明转折或对比的关系词如<span word="but">but</span>， <span word="however">however</span>等，就应当立即在原文上进行圈点。一般说来转折后的内容多与上文所表达的意思相反，而对比往往是强调其中的一方。</p><p> 1.首段的转折/对比</p><p> 只要首段中出现一对处于对比状况的概念，命题专家通常都会就此设置考题，考生应掌握这一规律，在看到文章首段出现转折对比的内容时，应当立即集中注意力，同时还要明白，第一段出现转折关系时，转折后所表述的一定是文章的中心议题，而在首段出现的对照或对比的内容将在下文中进行具体的议论，并在文章最后得出结论。</p><p> 例</p><p> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="creations">creations</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="big">big</span> <span word="technology">technology</span> <span word="capture">capture</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="imagination">imagination</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="giant">giant</span> <span word="dams">dams</span>. <span word="perhaps">perhaps</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="kinds">kinds</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="suffering">suffering</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mercy">mercy</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="flood">flood</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="drought">drought</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="makes">makes</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ideal">ideal</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="forcing">forcing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="waters">waters</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="bidding">bidding</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="fascinating">fascinating</span>. <span word="but">but</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="fascinated">fascinated</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="also">also</span>， <span word="sometimes">sometimes</span>， <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="blind">blind</span>. <span word="several">several</span> <span word="giant">giant</span> <span word="dam">dam</span> <span word="projects">projects</span> <span word="threaten">threaten</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="harm">harm</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="good">good</span>.</p><p> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="third">third</span> <span word="sentence">sentence</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="paragraph">paragraph</span> 1 <span word="implies">implies</span> <span word="that">that</span> .(转折)</p><p> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="happy">happy</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="shut">shut</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="eyes">eyes</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="reality">reality</span></p>
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