英语考研试卷中占到了全卷分数的半壁江山。
<p> 英语考研试卷中，阅读理解和翻译共有50分，占到了全卷分数的半壁江山。毫不夸张地说，把这两部分做好，在英语考试中取得理想的成绩便不再是奢望。那么怎么样才能做好这一部分的试题呢?关键要通过大量的练习，增强阅读英文句子，尤其是其中长难句的能力。长难句一般是指结构复杂难以理解的句子，也有一些其实结构并不复杂，但因为句子很长也很容易让人困惑。长难句出现不多，但是常常大大增加我们理解的难度，成为我们获取高分的拦路虎。</p><p> 下面就近八年来(2013年除外)考研试题中阅读理解和翻译中出现的长难句都列出来，分析它们的结构，指出其中的考查难点，并对如何恰当翻译它们给出建议，希望考生朋友能从中得到一些启发。</p><p> 1. <span word="Such">Such</span> <span word="large">large</span>, <span word="impersonal">impersonal</span> <span word="manipulation">manipulation</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="capital">capital</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="industry">industry</span> <span word="greatly">greatly</span> <span word="increased">increased</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="numbers">numbers</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="importance">importance</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="shareholders">shareholders</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="class">class</span> , <span word="an">an</span> <span word="element">element</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="national">national</span> <span word="life">life</span> <span word="representing">representing</span> <span word="irresponsible">irresponsible</span> <span word="wealth">wealth</span> <span word="detached">detached</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="land">land</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="duties">duties</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="landowners">landowners</span>; <span word="and">and</span> <span word="almost">almost</span> <span word="equally">equally</span> <span word="detached">detached</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="responsible">responsible</span> <span word="management">management</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="business">business</span>.</p><p> <span word="Such">Such</span> <span word="large">large</span>, <span word="impersonal">impersonal</span> <span word="manipulation">manipulation</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="capital">capital</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="industry">industry</span> <span word="greatly">greatly</span> <span word="increased">increased</span> <span word="shareholders">shareholders</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="class">class</span>, <span word="an">an</span> <span word="element">element</span></p><p> 本句是典型的非限定性定语从句，难点在其主语和宾语都有较长的短语和<span word="of">of</span>结构限定，并且分句是由两个<span word="and">and</span>相连的3个部分组成的。分句<span word="an">an</span> <span word="elementlandowners">elementlandowners</span> 又带有两个定语从句，一个是(<span word="which">which</span> <span word="was">was</span>)<span word="representing">representing</span> ，另一个是<span word="detached">detached</span>。</p>
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