四六级听力简短对话题型归类和应试策略6
<p> (六)肯定与否定题</p><p> 听力测试题有很多对话常通过某种否定形式来表示肯定含义，或是利用肯定形式表示否定意义。其目的是考查学生的快速反应能力和基础知识掌握的程度。</p><p> 1 、常见的以否定形式表示肯定意义的结构有：</p><p> <span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="wait">wait</span>+不定式或<span word="can">can</span> <span word="hardly">hardly</span> <span word="wait">wait</span>+不定式(急于，迫切希望</p><p><span word="cannot">cannot</span>与<span word="much">much</span>(或<span word="too">too</span> ， <span word="enough">enough</span> ， <span word="sufficiently">sufficiently</span> ， <span word="over">over</span> ，构成的合成词)</p><p> 连用(无论怎么也不为过);<span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="doing">doing</span> (禁不住做<span word="cannotbut">cannotbut</span> <span word="do">do</span>(不得不，必然);<span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="do">do</span>(不得不);<span word="have">have</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="choice">choice</span>/<span word="alternative">alternative</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> (除做外别无选择，非做不可);<span word="nothing">nothing</span> <span word="but">but</span>(只有，只不过);另外，还可以通过各种比较结构来表示肯定含义，最常用的有：<span word="nothingless">nothingless</span> <span word="than">than</span> (和一模一样，完全是);<span word="more">more</span> <span word="A">A</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="B">B</span> (与其说是<span word="B">B</span> ，不如说是<span word="A">A</span> 或是<span word="A">A</span> 而不是<span word="B">B</span> );<span word="less">less</span> <span word="A">A</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="B">B</span> (与其说是<span word="A">A</span> ，不如说是<span word="B">B</span> 或是<span word="B">B</span> 而不是<span word="A">A</span> );<span word="not">not</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="A">A</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="B">B</span>(是<span word="B">B</span> 而不是<span word="A">A</span> );<span word="A">A</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="soas">soas</span> <span word="B">B</span>(<span word="A">A</span> 比<span word="B">B</span> )，表达的正好是原结构中形容词或副词的反义。</p><p> 2 、常见的以肯定表示否定的意义的有：</p><p> <span word="anything">anything</span> <span word="but">but</span>(根本不);<span word="used">used</span> <span word="to">to</span> (过去常常，是对现在的情况的否定，说明现在已不这样做);<span word="too">too</span> <span word="to">to</span>(太以致不，这一结构的不定式表示否定意义);<span word="preferto">preferto</span>(该短语否定的是介词短语部分，表示不喜欢或不做<span word="would">would</span> <span word="ratherthan">ratherthan</span>(宁愿而不，这一结构否定的是<span word="than">than</span>后的动词，<span word="would">would</span> <span word="rather">rather</span> <span word="than">than</span> 与其用法相同。)</p>
页:
[1]