【高二英语】语法：构词法讲解
<p> 一.概念</p><p> 英语的构词法主要有：合成法，转化法，派生法，混成法，截短法和词首字母缩略法。</p><p> 二.相关知识点精讲</p><p> 1.转化法</p><p> 英语中，有的名词可作动词，有的形容词可作副词或动词，这种把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的方法叫作转化法。</p><p> 1)动词转化为名词</p><p> 很多动词可以转化为名词，大多意思没有多大的变化(如下①)；有时意思有一定变化(如下②)；有的与一个动词和不定冠词构成短语，表示一个动作(如下③)。例如：</p><p> ①<span word="Lets">Lets</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="walk">walk</span>.我们到外面去散散步吧。</p><p> ②<span word="He">He</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="strong">strong</span> <span word="build">build</span>.他是一个体格健壮的汉子。</p><p> ③<span word="Lets">Lets</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="swim">swim</span>.咱们游泳吧。</p><p> 2)名词转化为动词</p><p> 很多表示物件(如下①)、身体部位(如下②)、某类人(如下③)的名词可以用作动词来表示动作，某些抽象名词(如下④)也可作动词。例如：</p><p> ①<span word="Did">Did</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="seat">seat</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="plane">plane</span>？你订好飞机座位了吗？</p><p> ②<span word="Please">Please</span> <span word="hand">hand</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="book">book</span>.请把那本书递给我。</p><p> ③<span word="She">She</span> <span word="nursed">nursed</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="husband">husband</span> <span word="back">back</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="health">health</span>.她看护丈夫，使他恢复了健康。</p><p> ④<span word="We">We</span> <span word="lunched">lunched</span> <span word="together">together</span>.我们在一起吃了午餐。</p>
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