高中英语助动词shall、will、should、would的用法区别
<p> 1）<span word="shall">shall</span>和<span word="will">will</span>作为助动词可以与动词原形一起构成一般将来时，例如：</p><p> </p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="shall">shall</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="harder">harder</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="English">English</span>. 我将更加努力地学习英语。</p><p> </p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Shanghai">Shanghai</span>. 他要去上海。</p><p> </p><p> 说明：</p><p> </p><p> 在过去的语法中，语法学家说<span word="shall">shall</span>用于第一人称，<span word="will">will</span> 只用于第二、第三人称。现在，尤其是在口语中，<span word="will">will</span>常用于第一人称，但<span word="shall">shall</span>只用于第一人称，如用于第二、第三人称，就失去助动词的意义，已变为情态动词，试比较:</p><p> </p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="shall">shall</span> <span word="come">come</span>. 他必须来。（<span word="shall">shall</span>有命令的意味。）</p><p> </p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="come">come</span>. 他要来。（<span word="will">will</span>只与动词原形构成一般将来时。）</p><p> </p><p> 2）<span word="should">should</span>无词义，只是<span word="shall">shall</span>的过去形式，与动词原形构成过去将来时，只用于第一人称，例如：</p><p> </p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="telephoned">telephoned</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="yesterday">yesterday</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="ask">ask</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="next">next</span> <span word="week">week</span>.</p><p> </p><p> 我昨天给他打电话，问他我下周干什么。</p><p> </p><p> 比较：</p><p> </p><p> <span word="What">What</span> <span word="shall">shall</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="next">next</span> <span word="week">week</span>? <span word="I">I</span> <span word="asked">asked</span>.</p><p> </p><p> 我下周干什么？我问道。（可以说，<span word="shall">shall</span>变成间接引语时，变成了<span word="should">should</span>。）</p>
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