初二英语上册英语语法精讲精练：非谓语动词
<p> 非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义，我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语以及一些特殊结构句型等角度来区分其用法和细微含义。</p><p> 1.不定式和动名词作主语的区别</p><p> (1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作;而不定式作主语表示具体动作。</p><p> <span word="Smoking">Smoking</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="prohibited">prohibited</span>(禁止)<span word="here">here</span>.这里禁止抽烟。(抽象)</p><p> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="smoke">smoke</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="much">much</span>.你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体)</p><p> (2)动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。</p><p> 不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。</p><p> <span word="Climbing">Climbing</span> <span word="mountains">mountains</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="interesting">interesting</span>.爬山很有趣。(经验)</p><p> <span word="Driving">Driving</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="car">car</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rush">rush</span> <span word="hour">hour</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="tiring">tiring</span>.在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验)</p><p> (3)不定式做主语，一般用<span word="it">it</span>当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。</p><p> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="took">took</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="five">five</span> <span word="minutes">minutes</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="finish">finish</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="job">job</span>.</p><p> 2.不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别</p><p> (1)不定式作表语</p><p> 1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。</p>
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