初一英语上学期期末复习：名师讲解
<p> 1. <span word="in">in</span>/<span word="on">on</span></p><p> 在表示空间位置时，<span word="in">in</span>表示在某个空间的范围以内，<span word="on">on</span>表示在某一个物体的表面之上。例如：</p><p> <span word="There">There</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="bird">bird</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="tree">tree</span>. 树上有只鸟。</p><p> <span word="There">There</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="picture">picture</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="wall">wall</span>. 墙上有张图。</p><p> 2. <span word="this">this</span>/<span word="that">that</span>/<span word="these">these</span>/<span word="those">those</span></p><p> (1)<span word="this">this</span>常常用来指在时间、地点上更接近讲话人的人和事，<span word="these">these</span>是<span word="this">this</span>的复数形式。<span word="that">that</span>常常用来指在时间、地点上离讲话人更远一点的人和事，<span word="those">those</span>时<span word="that">that</span>的复数形式。例如：</p><p> <span word="You">You</span> <span word="look">look</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="box">box</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Ill">Ill</span> <span word="look">look</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="there">there</span>.你看看这个盒子，我去看那边的那个盒子。</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="car">car</span>, <span word="not">not</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="car">car</span>. 我想要这辆小汽车，不是那一辆。</p><p> <span word="Take">Take</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="books">books</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="room">room</span>, <span word="please">please</span>. 请把这些书拿到他房间去。</p><p> <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="mine">mine</span>; <span word="thats">thats</span> <span word="yours">yours</span>. 这个是我的，那个是你的。</p><p> <span word="These">These</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="apples">apples</span>; <span word="those">those</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="oranges">oranges</span>. 这些是苹果，那些是橘子。</p><p> (2)在打电话的用语中，<span word="this">this</span>常常指的是我，<span word="that">that</span>常常指的是对方。例如：</p><p> <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="Mary">Mary</span> <span word="speaking">speaking</span>. <span word="Whos">Whos</span> <span word="that">that</span>? 我是玛丽。你是谁?</p><p> 3. <span word="There">There</span> <span word="be">be</span>/ <span word="have">have</span></p><p> <span word="There">There</span> <span word="be">be</span> 有，其确切含意为某处或某时存在某人或某物。其结构是：<span word="There">There</span> <span word="be">be</span> + 某人或某物 + 表示地点或时间的状语。<span word="There">There</span> <span word="be">be</span> 后面的名词实际上是主语，<span word="be">be</span> 动词的形式要和主语在数上保持一致，<span word="be">be</span>动词后面的名词是单数或不可数名词时用<span word="is">is</span>，名词是复数时用<span word="are">are</span>。例如：</p>
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