从零开始学语法：名词化的形容词
<p> 一、名词化的形容词</p><p> 有些形容词和定冠词<span word="the">the</span>连用，表示一类人或事物。常见的形容词有：<span word="young">young</span>(年轻的)<span word="old">old</span>(年老的)<span word="rich">rich</span>(富有的)<span word="poor">poor</span>(贫穷的)<span word="sick">sick</span>(生病的)<span word="healthy">healthy</span>(健康的)<span word="living">living</span>(活的)<span word="dead">dead</span>(死的)<span word="wounded">wounded</span>(受伤的)<span word="deaf">deaf</span>(聋的)<span word="blind">blind</span>(失明的)<span word="disabled">disabled</span>(残废的)<span word="unemployed">unemployed</span>(失业的)等，以及其他某些说明人的性格或状态的形容词。</p><p> 这一表达方式具有复数含义，所以动词也用复数形式：</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="poor">poor</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="poorer">poorer</span>; <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rich">rich</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="richer">richer</span>.</p><p> 穷者愈穷;富者愈富。</p><p> <span word="the">the</span>+形容词偶尔也有单数含义：</p><p> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="accused">accused</span> (<span word="person">person</span>) 被告人</p><p> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="unexpected">unexpected</span> (<span word="thing">thing</span>) 意外的事</p><p> <span word="the">the</span>+表示国籍的形容词也是同样用法：</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="French">French</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="eat">eat</span> <span word="well">well</span>.</p><p> 法国人很讲究吃。</p><p> 一些表示颜色的形容词后加上<span word="s">s</span>作复数名词用时也代表一类人：</p><p> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="blacks">blacks</span> 黑人</p><p> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="whites">whites</span> 白人</p><p> 二、句法功能</p><p> 1. 作主语</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="wounded">wounded</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="sent">sent</span> <span word="home">home</span>.</p><p> 伤员被送回家。(指一类人，动词用复数。)</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="accused">accused</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="acquitted">acquitted</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="charge">charge</span>.</p><p> 被告被宣告无罪。(主语是单数的概念，动词用单数。)</p>
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