meili 发表于 2022-10-18 19:32:01

从零开始学语法:可以说 asleep children 吗?

<p>  首先问大家一个问题,你认为 <span word="asleep">asleep</span> <span word="children">children</span>(睡着的孩子们)这种说法对吗?</p><p>  我们知道形容词的两个最基本的句法功能就是作定语和表语,但英语中有些形容词却只能(或总是)用作表语,而不用作定语。这类形容词的作用是说明主语所处的暂时状态,并不具有一般形容词的那种描绘特性。今天我们就来看看这样的表语形容词有哪些吧~</p><p>  表语形容词有以下几类:</p><p>  1. 很多以<span word="a">a</span>-开头的形容词,如 <span word="asleep">asleep</span>, <span word="afraid">afraid</span>, <span word="awake">awake</span>, <span word="alone">alone</span>, <span word="aware">aware</span>, <span word="alive">alive</span>, <span word="ablaze">ablaze</span> 等都是表语形容词。这类形容词之所以不能作定语用是因为在历史上,形容词中的<span word="a">a</span>-原为介词,作<span word="in">in</span>(在之中)解,所以其实质上是一个介词短语,当然不能作前置定语啦。例如:</p><p>  <span word="The">The</span> <span word="wooden">wooden</span> <span word="house">house</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="quickly">quickly</span> <span word="ablaze">ablaze</span>. 这座木房子很快就着火了。</p><p>  所以说,并没有 <span word="asleep">asleep</span> <span word="children">children</span> 这种说法哦,我们只能说 <span word="Children">Children</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="asleep">asleep</span>.</p><p>  这类形容词在使用中要注意:</p><p>  1) 以<span word="a">a</span>-开头的形容词作表语时,一般不与<span word="very">very</span>这类形容词连用。例如,我们不说 <span word="very">very</span> <span word="awake">awake</span>,而要说 <span word="wide">wide</span> <span word="awake">awake</span>(完全醒着);同样我们用 <span word="fast">fast</span> <span word="asleep">asleep</span>(沉睡,酣睡)代替 <span word="very">very</span> <span word="asleep">asleep</span>;我们说 <span word="very">very</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="alone">alone</span>, <span word="all">all</span> <span word="alone">alone</span>(非常孤独),而不说 <span word="very">very</span> <span word="alone">alone</span>。</p><p>  2) 这类以<span word="a">a</span>-开头的形容词中有几个词,如 <span word="alike">alike</span>(相同), <span word="alone">alone</span>(单独), <span word="amiss">amiss</span>(差别), <span word="afire">afire</span>(燃烧着), <span word="adrift">adrift</span>(漂流), <span word="afloat">afloat</span>(漂浮), <span word="afoot">afoot</span>(徒步)等,既是表语形容词,又是副词,要注意它们的用法。试比较:</p>
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