SAT英文阅读:人工智能与SAT学习
<p> <span word="We">We</span> <span word="care">care</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="AI">AI</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="implication">implication</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="SAT">SAT</span> <span word="study">study</span>, <span word="teaching">teaching</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="exam">exam</span>, <span word="potentially">potentially</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="enhance">enhance</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="scores">scores</span> <span word="dramatically">dramatically</span>. <span word="AI">AI</span> <span word="represents">represents</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="promising">promising</span> <span word="areas">areas</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="application">application</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="English">English</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="Chinese">Chinese</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="future">future</span>.</p><p> <span word="Artificial">Artificial</span> <span word="intelligence">intelligence</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="intelligence">intelligence</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="machines">machines</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="branch">branch</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="computer">computer</span> <span word="science">science</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="aims">aims</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="create">create</span> <span word="it">it</span>. <span word="AI">AI</span> <span word="textbooks">textbooks</span> <span word="define">define</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="field">field</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="design">design</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="intelligent">intelligent</span> <span word="agents">agents</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="intelligent">intelligent</span> <span word="agent">agent</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="system">system</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="perceives">perceives</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="environment">environment</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="takes">takes</span> <span word="actions">actions</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="maximize">maximize</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="chances">chances</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="success">success</span>. <span word="John">John</span> <span word="McCarthy">McCarthy</span>, <span word="who">who</span> <span word="coined">coined</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="term">term</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1956, <span word="defines">defines</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="science">science</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="engineering">engineering</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="making">making</span> <span word="intelligent">intelligent</span> <span word="machines">machines</span>.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="field">field</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="founded">founded</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="claim">claim</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="central">central</span> <span word="property">property</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="humans">humans</span>, <span word="intelligencethe">intelligencethe</span> <span word="sapience">sapience</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Homo">Homo</span> <span word="sapienscan">sapienscan</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="precisely">precisely</span> <span word="described">described</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="simulated">simulated</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="machine">machine</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="raises">raises</span> <span word="philosophical">philosophical</span> <span word="issues">issues</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="nature">nature</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mind">mind</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="limits">limits</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="scientific">scientific</span> <span word="inquiry">inquiry</span>, <span word="issues">issues</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="addressed">addressed</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="myth">myth</span>, <span word="fiction">fiction</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="philosophy">philosophy</span> <span word="since">since</span> <span word="antiquity">antiquity</span>. <span word="Artificial">Artificial</span> <span word="intelligence">intelligence</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="subject">subject</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="optimism">optimism</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="suffered">suffered</span> <span word="setbacks">setbacks</span> <span word="and">and</span>, <span word="today">today</span>, <span word="has">has</span> <span word="become">become</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="essential">essential</span> <span word="part">part</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="technology">technology</span> <span word="industry">industry</span>, <span word="providing">providing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="heavy">heavy</span> <span word="lifting">lifting</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="difficult">difficult</span> <span word="problems">problems</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="computer">computer</span> <span word="science">science</span>.</p><p> <span word="AI">AI</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="highly">highly</span> <span word="technical">technical</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="specialized">specialized</span>, <span word="deeply">deeply</span> <span word="divided">divided</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="subfields">subfields</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="fail">fail</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="communicate">communicate</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="other">other</span>. <span word="Subfields">Subfields</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="grown">grown</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="around">around</span> <span word="particular">particular</span> <span word="institutions">institutions</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="individual">individual</span> <span word="researchers">researchers</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="solution">solution</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="specific">specific</span> <span word="problems">problems</span>, <span word="longstanding">longstanding</span> <span word="differences">differences</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="opinion">opinion</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="AI">AI</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="done">done</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="application">application</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="widely">widely</span> <span word="differing">differing</span> <span word="tools">tools</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="central">central</span> <span word="problems">problems</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="AI">AI</span> <span word="include">include</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="traits">traits</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="reasoning">reasoning</span>, <span word="knowledge">knowledge</span>, <span word="planning">planning</span>, <span word="learning">learning</span>, <span word="communication">communication</span>, <span word="perception">perception</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ability">ability</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="move">move</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="manipulate">manipulate</span> <span word="objects">objects</span>. <span word="General">General</span> <span word="intelligence">intelligence</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="among">among</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fields">fields</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="term">term</span> <span word="goals">goals</span>.</p>
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