GMAT阅读长句攻克妙招
<p> <span word="GMAT">GMAT</span>阅读 <span word="GMAT">GMAT</span>阅读中有很多带有修饰成分的长句，包括从句，分词，不定式，插入语，介词短语，读起来拗口。在遇到这类句子时，我们不必细细梳理，而要先抓住句子主干。有些成分根本就对我们做题没有任何影响，倘若浪费太多时间去分析句子的某一处，就是浪费宝贵时间。 1. 首先，我们要明确长句究竟在哪里断开，找到有用的，抛弃无用的。先来看看下面这个句子：<span word="Even">Even</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="circumstances">circumstances</span>, <span word="fierce">fierce</span> <span word="competition">competition</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="larger">larger</span>, <span word="more">more</span> <span word="established">established</span> <span word="companies">companies</span> <span word="makes">makes</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="difficult">difficult</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="concerns">concerns</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="broaden">broaden</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="customer">customer</span> <span word="bases">bases</span>: <span word="when">when</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="firms">firms</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="nearly">nearly</span> <span word="guaranteed">guaranteed</span> <span word="orders">orders</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="single">single</span> <span word="corporate">corporate</span> <span word="benefactor">benefactor</span>, <span word="they">they</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="truly">truly</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="struggle">struggle</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="complacency">complacency</span> <span word="arising">arising</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="current">current</span> <span word="success">success</span>. 2. 在阅读时要注意辨别这些复杂修饰成分，找出真正的主语和谓语。很显然，这句话应该在冒号处断开，冒号后是对前半句的解释，所以在读在这句话时，我们不必把太多精力放在前半句上，而要着重理解后半句，这才是与文章内容相关的部分。整句话的复杂修饰成分包括介词短语<span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="circumstances">circumstances</span>, <span word="from">from</span> <span word="larger">larger</span>, <span word="more">more</span> <span word="established">established</span> <span word="companies">companies</span>，以及不定式<span word="to">to</span> <span word="broaden">broaden</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="customer">customer</span> <span word="bases">bases</span>，和现在分词<span word="arising">arising</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="current">current</span> <span word="success">success</span>. 再来看一个复杂修饰成分为从句的例子：<span word="Civil">Civil</span> <span word="rights">rights</span> <span word="activists">activists</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="argued">argued</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="principal">principal</span> <span word="reasons">reasons</span> <span word="why">why</span> <span word="Blacks">Blacks</span>, <span word="Hispanics">Hispanics</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="minority">minority</span> <span word="groups">groups</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="difficulty">difficulty</span> <span word="establishing">establishing</span> <span word="themselves">themselves</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="business">business</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="lack">lack</span> <span word="access">access</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sizable">sizable</span> <span word="orders">orders</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="subcontracts">subcontracts</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="generated">generated</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="companies">companies</span>. 3 原句中的定语从句、宾语从句对句意表达的作用不大，可以略过不读。通过对复杂修饰成分的加工处理，这个句子变得十分简单：<span word="One">One</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="principal">principal</span> <span word="reasons">reasons</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="lack">lack</span> <span word="access">access</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sizable">sizable</span> <span word="orders">orders</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="subcontracts">subcontracts</span>. <span word="GMAT">GMAT</span>阅读的复杂修饰成分往往放在一个比较复杂的句子框架中，例如下面这句话<span word="Although">Although</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="samurais">samurais</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="reduced">reduced</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="idleness">idleness</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="peace">peace</span>, <span word="encouraged">encouraged</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="engage">engage</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="scholarship">scholarship</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="martial">martial</span> <span word="exercises">exercises</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="perform">perform</span> <span word="administrative">administrative</span> <span word="tasks">tasks</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="took">took</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="time">time</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="surprising">surprising</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="tastes">tastes</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="habits">habits</span> <span word="grew">grew</span> <span word="expensive">expensive</span>. 4. 先明确句子大体框架再剥离复杂修饰成分。整个句子是镶嵌在<span word="althoughit">althoughit</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="surprising">surprising</span> 这个框架中的，但是由于中间插入成分多，容易打断考生思路，导致无法准确把握句意，同时运用了介词短语<span word="by">by</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="peace">peace</span>，定语从句<span word="tasks">tasks</span> <span word="that">that</span>.以及过去分词<span word="encouraged">encouraged</span> <span word="to">to</span> 通过本文分析，我们可以看出<span word="GMAT">GMAT</span>阅读长句并不是不能攻克，干扰阻碍我们解题的无非就是以上几种常见的形式，天道小编在这里提醒各位考生，辨别并适当处理其复杂修饰成分能帮助考生快速领会文章实质，轻松应对考题.中有很多带有修饰成分的长句，包括从句，分词，不定式，插入语，介词短语，读起来拗口。在遇到这类句子时，我们不必细细梳理，而要先抓住句子主干。有些成分根本就对我们做题没有任何影响，倘若浪费太多时间去分析句子的某一处，就是浪费宝贵时间。 1. 首先，我们要明确长句究竟在哪里断开，找到有用的，抛弃无用的。先来看看下面这个句子：<span word="Even">Even</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="circumstances">circumstances</span>, <span word="fierce">fierce</span> <span word="competition">competition</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="larger">larger</span>, <span word="more">more</span> <span word="established">established</span> <span word="companies">companies</span> <span word="makes">makes</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="difficult">difficult</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="concerns">concerns</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="broaden">broaden</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="customer">customer</span> <span word="bases">bases</span>: <span word="when">when</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="firms">firms</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="nearly">nearly</span> <span word="guaranteed">guaranteed</span> <span word="orders">orders</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="single">single</span> <span word="corporate">corporate</span> <span word="benefactor">benefactor</span>, <span word="they">they</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="truly">truly</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="struggle">struggle</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="complacency">complacency</span> <span word="arising">arising</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="current">current</span> <span word="success">success</span>. 2. 在阅读时要注意辨别这些复杂修饰成分，找出真正的主语和谓语。很显然，这句话应该在冒号处断开，冒号后是对前半句的解释，所以在读在这句话时，我们不必把太多精力放在前半句上，而要着重理解后半句，这才是与文章内容相关的部分。整句话的复杂修饰成分包括介词短语<span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="circumstances">circumstances</span>, <span word="from">from</span> <span word="larger">larger</span>, <span word="more">more</span> <span word="established">established</span> <span word="companies">companies</span>，以及不定式<span word="to">to</span> <span word="broaden">broaden</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="customer">customer</span> <span word="bases">bases</span>，和现在分词<span word="arising">arising</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="current">current</span> <span word="success">success</span>. 再来看一个复杂修饰成分为从句的例子：<span word="Civil">Civil</span> <span word="rights">rights</span> <span word="activists">activists</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="argued">argued</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="principal">principal</span> <span word="reasons">reasons</span> <span word="why">why</span> <span word="Blacks">Blacks</span>, <span word="Hispanics">Hispanics</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="minority">minority</span> <span word="groups">groups</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="difficulty">difficulty</span> <span word="establishing">establishing</span> <span word="themselves">themselves</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="business">business</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="lack">lack</span> <span word="access">access</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sizable">sizable</span> <span word="orders">orders</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="subcontracts">subcontracts</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="generated">generated</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="companies">companies</span>. 3 原句中的定语从句、宾语从句对句意表达的作用不大，可以略过不读。通过对复杂修饰成分的加工处理，这个句子变得十分简单：<span word="One">One</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="principal">principal</span> <span word="reasons">reasons</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="lack">lack</span> <span word="access">access</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sizable">sizable</span> <span word="orders">orders</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="subcontracts">subcontracts</span>. <span word="GMAT">GMAT</span>阅读的复杂修饰成分往往放在一个比较复杂的句子框架中，例如下面这句话<span word="Although">Although</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="samurais">samurais</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="reduced">reduced</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="idleness">idleness</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="peace">peace</span>, <span word="encouraged">encouraged</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="engage">engage</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="scholarship">scholarship</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="martial">martial</span> <span word="exercises">exercises</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="perform">perform</span> <span word="administrative">administrative</span> <span word="tasks">tasks</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="took">took</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="time">time</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="surprising">surprising</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="tastes">tastes</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="habits">habits</span> <span word="grew">grew</span> <span word="expensive">expensive</span>. 4. 先明确句子大体框架再剥离复杂修饰成分。整个句子是镶嵌在<span word="althoughit">althoughit</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="surprising">surprising</span> 这个框架中的，但是由于中间插入成分多，容易打断考生思路，导致无法准确把握句意，同时运用了介词短语<span word="by">by</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="peace">peace</span>，定语从句<span word="tasks">tasks</span> <span word="that">that</span>.以及过去分词<span word="encouraged">encouraged</span> <span word="to">to</span> 通过本文分析，我们可以看出<span word="GMAT">GMAT</span>阅读长句并不是不能攻克，干扰阻碍我们解题的无非就是以上几种常见的形式，天道小编在这里提醒各位考生，辨别并适当处理其复杂修饰成分能帮助考生快速领会文章实质，轻松应对考题.</p>
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