GRE Issue高频提纲——历史类(四)
<p> <span word="k">k</span>) 其他：</p><p> <span word="An">An</span> <span word="individuals">individuals</span> <span word="greatness">greatness</span> <span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="judged">judged</span> <span word="objectively">objectively</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="contemporaries">contemporaries</span>; <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="objective">objective</span> <span word="evaluators">evaluators</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="persons">persons</span> <span word="greatness">greatness</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="belong">belong</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="later">later</span> <span word="time">time</span>.</p><p> <span word="l">l</span>) 科学和社会都是不断发展的，从前认为是真理的以后也许就是错误的，一个人的成就与贡献需要时间来显现它是否伟大，是否有价值。比如<span word="DDT">DDT</span>当初被发现时侯，因为它对害虫有很好的效果<span word="pesticide">pesticide</span>，<span word="Milluer">Milluer</span>获得了诺贝尔奖.但是现在人们的研究认为<span word="DDT">DDT</span>的杀虫效果远低于它对环境和人造成的损害，到处都有<span word="DDT">DDT</span>的残留。比如哥白尼的日心说当时被人物是对的，但是现在的天文知识证明太阳仅仅是太阳系<span word="solar">solar</span> <span word="system">system</span>的中心，并不是宇宙的中心。</p><p> <span word="m">m</span>) 当少数杰出的人有勇气打破旧框架提出新理论或者新的艺术风格时，一般很难被当时的流行观点所接受。比如<span word="Wegener">Wegener</span>提出板块漂移<span word="plate">plate</span> <span word="tectonics">tectonics</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="continental">continental</span> <span word="drift">drift</span>。<span word="Monet">Monet</span>的印象派<span word="impressionism">impressionism</span>当时突破了传统的绘画风格，饱受评论家的批评，但是后来证明他把印象主意推向了顶峰。</p><p> <span word="n">n</span>) 但也有很多伟人是在他的时代就被认可的，当代人比如<span word="Nash">Nash</span>，他的<span word="Nash">Nash</span> <span word="Equilibrium">Equilibrium</span>对经济学的研究起到了极大的推动作用，获得了诺贝尔经济学奖。比如<span word="Watson">Watson</span>和<span word="Crick">Crick</span>发现了<span word="double">double</span> <span word="helix">helix</span>结构，获得了科学界的承认与荣誉</p>
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