GRE Issue高频提纲——文化类
<p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="effective">effective</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="understand">understand</span> <span word="contemporary">contemporary</span> <span word="culture">culture</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="analyze">analyze</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="trends">trends</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="youth">youth</span>.</p><p> <span word="To">To</span> <span word="truly">truly</span> <span word="understand">understand</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="own">own</span> <span word="culture">culture</span> -- <span word="no">no</span> <span word="matter">matter</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="define">define</span> <span word="it">it</span> -- <span word="requires">requires</span> <span word="personal">personal</span> <span word="knowledge">knowledge</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="least">least</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="culture">culture</span>, <span word="one">one</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="distinctly">distinctly</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="own">own</span>.</p><p> <span word="Rituals">Rituals</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="ceremonies">ceremonies</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="define">define</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="culture">culture</span>. <span word="Without">Without</span> <span word="them">them</span>, <span word="societies">societies</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="groups">groups</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="diminished">diminished</span> <span word="sense">sense</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="are">are</span>.</p><p> 同意前半句，反对后半句。</p><p> <span word="a">a</span>) 礼节和典礼确实有助于定义一个文化，比如：中国的春节家人团聚体现着中国文化中的统一，放炮，西方国家的圣诞节，就是代表了两种不同的文化。伊斯兰<span word="Islamic">Islamic</span>的斋月<span word="Ramadan">Ramadan</span>，<span word="A">A</span> <span word="fast">fast</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="held">held</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="sunrise">sunrise</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="sunset">sunset</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="carried">carried</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="period">period</span>.成为伊斯兰文化的象征</p><p> <span word="b">b</span>) 但是礼节和典礼并不是唯一的定义文化的方面，因此也不会因为没有这些，社会和团体就会逐渐迷失自我，因为还有很多其他的方面，比如：穿着阿拉伯人女子戴纱巾，语言，习惯中国人适用筷子<span word="chopstick">chopstick</span>而西方人用刀叉<span word="knife">knife</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="fork">fork</span>，艺术中国的山水画<span word="traditional">traditional</span> <span word="Chinese">Chinese</span> <span word="painting">painting</span>与西方的油画<span word="oil">oil</span> <span word="painting">painting</span>，生活方式等等。</p><p> <span word="c">c</span>) 此外，有些礼节和典礼可能是不太好的方面，应该逐渐被取代，其中的很多礼节都是不太合理或者过于苛刻的，因此有时候这些礼节的消失不会不会让社会和团体迷失自己，反而还代表着社会的一种进步。比如：古代奴隶社会时期曾经有适用活人来祭祀的仪式<span word="sacrifice">sacrifice</span>，还有葬礼仪式上用活人陪葬的<span word="be">be</span> <span word="buried">buried</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="dead">dead</span></p>
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