GRE类比分类汇总——种属关系与组成关系的区别
<p> 在<span word="GRE">GRE</span>类比题中，最容易混淆的就是种属关系和组成关系，原因有两点：第一，他们涉及的都是名词的关系类比;第二，他们都是小和大的关系范围概念。但是他们之间的区别是很大的，那就是，种属关系是一个词是另一个词的一种，他们一定是属于同一范围的动物，植物，职务等等，总之他们是一种东西，只不过一个概念小，一个概念大。例如，鲨鱼是鱼的一种。而组成关系呢?两个词一定不是同一个东西，只不过是部分与完整的关系，例如：鱼鳞是组成鱼的一个部分，鱼头是鱼的一部分。你不能说鱼头是鱼的一种。因此用什么去判断最为方便呢?小宝老师告诉大家一个技巧----看前后两个词本质上是不是一个类别，不是的话一定是组成关系，是的话一定是种属关系。当然这个方法仅在这两类关系前选择和判断时，如遇到其他关系，还要斟酌。</p><p> 1.种属关系</p><p> 有时只有一个选项具备种属关系，非常简单，但有时会有几个具备种属关系的选项，这时需考虑这个具体名词的特点、性质等的上下的对应。如<span word="limousine">limousine</span>和<span word="automobi">automobi</span>1<span word="e">e</span>只能对应<span word="mansion">mansion</span>和<span word="residence">residence</span>而不能对应<span word="tuxedo">tuxedo</span>和<span word="wardrobe">wardrobe</span>，因<span word="tuxedo">tuxedo</span>是一种普通的衣服。<span word="tornado">tornado</span>，<span word="hurricane">hurricane</span>，<span word="typhoon">typhoon</span>均属于<span word="cyclone">cyclone</span>。</p><p> 其它常见种属关系如<span word="turquoise">turquoise</span>和<span word="gem">gem</span>，<span word="snow">snow</span>和<span word="precipitation">precipitation</span>，<span word="violet">violet</span>和<span word="f">f</span>1<span word="ower">ower</span>，<span word="compendium">compendium</span>和<span word="summary">summary</span>，<span word="anthology">anthology</span>和<span word="collection">collection</span>，<span word="cacophony">cacophony</span>和<span word="sound">sound</span>，<span word="lampoon">lampoon</span>和<span word="satire">satire</span>，<span word="sonnet">sonnet</span>和<span word="poem">poem</span>，<span word="royalty">royalty</span>和<span word="payment">payment</span>，<span word="tango">tango</span>和<span word="dance">dance</span>，<span word="bowl">bowl</span>和<span word="receptacle">receptacle</span>，<span word="glare">glare</span>和<span word="light">light</span>，<span word="granite">granite</span>和<span word="rock">rock</span>，<span word="magazine">magazine</span>和<span word="periodica">periodica</span>1，<span word="gust">gust</span>和<span word="wind">wind</span>，<span word="cloudburst">cloudburst</span>和<span word="rainfall">rainfall</span>，<span word="mimicry">mimicry</span>和<span word="camouflage">camouflage</span>，<span word="mutation">mutation</span>和<span word="variation">variation</span>，<span word="enzyme">enzyme</span>和<span word="cata">cata</span>1<span word="yst">yst</span>，<span word="bacterium">bacterium</span>和<span word="microbe">microbe</span>，<span word="ostrich">ostrich</span>和<span word="bird">bird</span>，<span word="tiger">tiger</span>和<span word="cat">cat</span>，<span word="suitcase">suitcase</span>和<span word="luggage">luggage</span>，<span word="hat">hat</span>和<span word="millinery">millinery</span>。</p>
页:
[1]