GRE阅读：学会化整为零
<p> 结构分割：</p><p> 在英语中常常出现这样的现象：语法关系密切的两个句子成分被其他句子成分所分割开来，而有这种现象的句子结构我们称之为分割结构。</p><p> 它的种类十分繁多，但我们常常遇到这样的情况，即在主语与谓语之间插入介词短语或是从句等比较长的结构用于描述一个状态，或是修饰说明主语，在这种情况下，其目的往往是为了保持语义的严密，结构的紧凑。</p><p> 例如：</p><p> <span word="Most">Most</span> <span word="novelists">novelists</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="historians">historians</span> <span word="writing">writing</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="early">early</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="mid">mid</span>-<span word="twentieth">twentieth</span> <span word="century">century</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="considered">considered</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="West">West</span>, <span word="when">when</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="considered">considered</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="all">all</span>, <span word="fell">fell</span> <span word="under">under</span> <span word="Turners">Turners</span> <span word="spell">spell</span>.这句话的中文意思是从本世纪初到本世纪中叶从事写作的小说家和历史学家只要描写妇女，就会描述西部妇女，而且都被特纳迷住。</p><p> 这句话的主干是 <span word="Most">Most</span> <span word="novelists">novelists</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="historians">historians</span> <span word="fell">fell</span> <span word="under">under</span> <span word="Turners">Turners</span> <span word="spell">spell</span>.其主语和谓语间被<span word="writing">writing</span>引导的修饰用的短语，一个由<span word="who">who</span>引导的用于修饰<span word="Most">Most</span> <span word="novelists">novelists</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="historians">historians</span>的定语从句，和在这个由<span word="who">who</span>引导的定语从句中的状语从句所分割开来。</p><p> 当然有时还会存在这样的情况，即同位语或同位语从句与先行词的分割是为了照顾句子结构平衡或突出强调的需要。还有定语与中心词被分割;某些词与其所要求的介词被分割;动词与其宾语被分割等等许多情况。</p>
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