突破GRE逻辑阅读之并列平行结构篇
<p> 编辑点评： 英语常用并列连词来连接两个或两个以上的同等成分，而这种结构我们称之为并列平行结构。针对<span word="GRE">GRE</span>阅读考试中的平行结构，本文为您带来专业解读，供考生阅读中进行准确理解和分析。</p><p> 英语常用并列连词来连接两个或两个以上的同等成分，而这种结构我们称之为并列平行结构，而比较常用的连词有：<span word="and">and</span>, <span word="but">but</span>, <span word="so">so</span>, <span word="yet">yet</span>, <span word="for">for</span>, <span word="nor">nor</span>, <span word="or">or</span> , <span word="not">not</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="also">also</span>, <span word="either">either</span> <span word="or">or</span>,以及<span word="neither">neither</span> <span word="nor">nor</span>等等。一般说来连接的同等成分可以是两个或几个动词，两个或几个动词的宾语，两个或几个名词的定语，两个或几个介词短语等。如果并列连词连接的是两个或几个简单句，就构成了一个并列句。这里举几个小的例子：</p><p> <span word="In">In</span> <span word="fact">fact</span>, <span word="privatization">privatization</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="rescued">rescued</span> <span word="individual">individual</span> <span word="industries">industries</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="whole">whole</span> <span word="economy">economy</span> <span word="headed">headed</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="disaster">disaster</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="raised">raised</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="level">level</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="performance">performance</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="every">every</span> <span word="area">area</span>.</p><p> 这句话的中文意思是：事实上，私有化不仅挽救了个别企业和走向毁灭的整个经济，而且还提高了各行业的运作水平。在这个句子中，用<span word="and">and</span>连接了<span word="individual">individual</span> <span word="industries">industries</span>和<span word="a">a</span> <span word="whole">whole</span> <span word="economy">economy</span>这两个作为动词<span word="rescued">rescued</span>的宾语，并且还使用了<span word="not">not</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="also">also</span>连接了<span word="rescued">rescued</span>和<span word="raised">raised</span>这两个动词引导的平行的谓语成分。</p><p> 但是需要注意的是并不是每个<span word="and">and</span>简单的认为它只有连接作用，其实它的用法在英语中十分丰富，它在句子中可以表示许多不同的目的。例如：<span word="We">We</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="singing">singing</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="dancing">dancing</span>.我们又唱又跳。<span word="The">The</span> <span word="old">old</span> <span word="lady">lady</span> <span word="fell">fell</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="street">street</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="broke">broke</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="leg">leg</span>.老妇人跌倒在街上，腿都摔断了。<span word="Fix">Fix</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bicycle">bicycle</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="ll">ll</span> <span word="pay">pay</span> <span word="you">you</span> $6.修理这辆自行车，我就付给你6美元。<span word="He">He</span> <span word="finished">finished</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="homework">homework</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="dining">dining</span> <span word="room">room</span>.他作完家庭作业后去了食堂。<span word="The">The</span> <span word="girl">girl</span> <span word="grows">grows</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="knows">knows</span> <span word="nothing">nothing</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="family">family</span>.这女孩长大了，对家里的事还是一无所知。</p>
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