从语法角度解析GRE阅读
<p> 对于考生来说，<span word="GRE">GRE</span>阅读最困难的就是长难句的翻译，下面列举了一些新<span word="GRE">GRE</span>阅读理解中长难句的语法难点和应该注意的翻译技巧。考生可以作为参考来复习。</p><p> 1. <span word="Such">Such</span> <span word="large">large</span>, <span word="impersonal">impersonal</span> <span word="manipulation">manipulation</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="capital">capital</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="industry">industry</span> <span word="GREatly">GREatly</span> <span word="increased">increased</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="numbers">numbers</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="importance">importance</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="shareholders">shareholders</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="class">class</span> , <span word="an">an</span> <span word="element">element</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="national">national</span> <span word="life">life</span> <span word="representing">representing</span> <span word="irresponsible">irresponsible</span> <span word="wealth">wealth</span> <span word="detached">detached</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="land">land</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="duties">duties</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="landowners">landowners</span>; <span word="and">and</span> <span word="almost">almost</span> <span word="equally">equally</span> <span word="detached">detached</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="responsible">responsible</span> <span word="management">management</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="business">business</span>.</p><p> <span word="Such">Such</span> <span word="large">large</span>, <span word="impersonal">impersonal</span> <span word="manipulation">manipulation</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="capital">capital</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="industry">industry</span> <span word="GREatly">GREatly</span> <span word="increased">increased</span> <span word="shareholders">shareholders</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="class">class</span>, <span word="an">an</span> <span word="element">element</span></p><p> 本句是典型的非限定性定语从句，难点在其主语和宾语都有较长的短语和<span word="of">of</span>结构限定，并且分句是由两个<span word="and">and</span>相连的3个部分组成的。分句<span word="an">an</span> <span word="elementlandowners">elementlandowners</span> 又带有两个定语从句，一个是<span word="representing">representing</span> ，另一个是<span word="detached">detached</span>。</p><p> 可见，定语从句的难点在于经常省略引导词+<span word="be">be</span>的结构，从而在理解上容易和分词结构相混淆。</p><p> 对资本和企业的这种大规模的非个人操纵大大增加了股东作为一个阶级的数量和重要性。这个阶层作为国计民生的一部分，代表了非个人责任的财富与土地及土地所有者应尽义务的分离，而且也几乎与责任管理相分离。</p><p> 实际上定语从句并不符合汉语的使用习惯。所以翻译时遇上定语从句，一定不要机械地按照原来的顺序生搬硬套。像这样分句较长的情况，把主句和分句拆为两句是比较好的方法。所以这里从这个阶层开始另起一句。</p>
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