GRE阅读高频机经原文及试题：海底火山生物
<p> 32. 海底火山生物</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="deep">deep</span> <span word="sea">sea</span> <span word="typically">typically</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="sparse">sparse</span> <span word="fauna">fauna</span> <span word="dominated">dominated</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="tiny">tiny</span> <span word="worms">worms</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="crustaceans">crustaceans</span>, <span word="with">with</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="sparser">sparser</span> <span word="distribution">distribution</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="larger">larger</span> <span word="animals">animals</span>. <span word="However">However</span>, <span word="near">near</span> <span word="hydrothermal">hydrothermal</span> <span word="vents">vents</span>, <span word="areas">areas</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ocean">ocean</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="warm">warm</span> <span word="water">water</span> <span word="emerges">emerges</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="subterranean">subterranean</span> <span word="sources">sources</span>, <span word="live">live</span> <span word="remarkable">remarkable</span> <span word="densities">densities</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="huge">huge</span> <span word="clams">clams</span>, <span word="blind">blind</span> <span word="crabs">crabs</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="fish">fish</span>.</p><p> <span word="Most">Most</span> <span word="deep">deep</span>-<span word="sea">sea</span> <span word="faunas">faunas</span> <span word="rely">rely</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="food">food</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="particulate">particulate</span> <span word="matter">matter</span>, <span word="ultimately">ultimately</span> <span word="derived">derived</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="photosynthesis">photosynthesis</span>, <span word="falling">falling</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="above">above</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="food">food</span> <span word="supplies">supplies</span> <span word="necessary">necessary</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="sustain">sustain</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="vent">vent</span> <span word="communities">communities</span>, <span word="however">however</span>, <span word="must">must</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="times">times</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ordinary">ordinary</span> <span word="fallout">fallout</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="reports">reports</span> <span word="describing">describing</span> <span word="vent">vent</span> <span word="faunas">faunas</span> <span word="proposed">proposed</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="possible">possible</span> <span word="sources">sources</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="nutrition">nutrition</span>: <span word="bacterial">bacterial</span> <span word="chemosynthesis">chemosynthesis</span>, <span word="production">production</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="food">food</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="bacteria">bacteria</span> <span word="using">using</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="derived">derived</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="chemical">chemical</span> <span word="changes">changes</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="advection">advection</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="drifting">drifting</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="food">food</span> <span word="materials">materials</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="surrounding">surrounding</span> <span word="regions">regions</span>. <span word="Later">Later</span>, <span word="evidence">evidence</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="support">support</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="intense">intense</span> <span word="local">local</span> <span word="chemosynthesis">chemosynthesis</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="accumulated">accumulated</span>: <span word="hydrogen">hydrogen</span> <span word="sulfide">sulfide</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="vent">vent</span> <span word="water">water</span>; <span word="many">many</span> <span word="vent">vent</span>-<span word="site">site</span> <span word="bacteria">bacteria</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="capable">capable</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="chemosynthesis">chemosynthesis</span>; <span word="and">and</span> <span word="extremely">extremely</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="concentrations">concentrations</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="bacteria">bacteria</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="samples">samples</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="vent">vent</span> <span word="water">water</span> <span word="thought">thought</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="pure">pure</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="final">final</span> <span word="observation">observation</span> <span word="seemed">seemed</span> <span word="decisive">decisive</span>. <span word="If">If</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="astonishing">astonishing</span> <span word="concentrations">concentrations</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="bacteria">bacteria</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="typical">typical</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="vent">vent</span> <span word="outflow">outflow</span>, <span word="then">then</span> <span word="food">food</span> <span word="within">within</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="vent">vent</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="dwarf">dwarf</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="contribution">contribution</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="advection">advection</span>. <span word="Hence">Hence</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="widely">widely</span> <span word="quoted">quoted</span> <span word="conclusion">conclusion</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="reached">reached</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="bacterial">bacterial</span> <span word="chemosynthesis">chemosynthesis</span> <span word="provides">provides</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="foundation">foundation</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="hydrothermal">hydrothermal</span>-<span word="vent">vent</span> <span word="food">food</span> <span word="chainsan">chainsan</span> <span word="exciting">exciting</span> <span word="prospect">prospect</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="communities">communities</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="Earth">Earth</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="independent">independent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="photosynthesis">photosynthesis</span>.</p>
页:
[1]