GRE阅读背景材料：厄尔尼诺现象
<p> 新<span word="gre">gre</span>阅读之厄尔尼诺。下面为大家搜索整理的新<span word="gre">gre</span>阅读之厄尔尼诺，对于新<span word="gre">gre</span> 阅读考试，考生除了采取题海战术，其实更应该做的就是总结。今天带来的<span word="gre">gre</span> 阅读<span word="neirong">neirong</span>希望对同学们的<span word="gre">gre</span> 考试有所帮助，下面一起来看看吧：</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="recent">recent</span>, <span word="apparently">apparently</span> <span word="successful">successful</span> <span word="prediction">prediction</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="mathematical">mathematical</span> <span word="models">models</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="appearance">appearance</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="EI">EI</span> <span word="Nino">Nino</span>- <span word="the">the</span> <span word="warm">warm</span> <span word="ocean">ocean</span> <span word="current">current</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="periodically">periodically</span> <span word="develops">develops</span> <span word="along">along</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Pacific">Pacific</span> <span word="coast">coast</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="South">South</span> <span word="America">America</span>-<span word="has">has</span> <span word="excited">excited</span> <span word="researchers">researchers</span>. <span word="Jacob">Jacob</span> <span word="Bjerknes">Bjerknes</span> <span word="pointed">pointed</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="over">over</span> 20 <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="winds">winds</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="create">create</span> <span word="either">either</span> <span word="abnormally">abnormally</span> <span word="warm">warm</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="abnormally">abnormally</span> <span word="cold">cold</span> <span word="water">water</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="eastern">eastern</span> <span word="equatorial">equatorial</span> <span word="Pacific">Pacific</span>. <span word="Nonetheless">Nonetheless</span>, <span word="until">until</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="development">development</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="models">models</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="explain">explain</span> <span word="why">why</span> <span word="conditions">conditions</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="regularly">regularly</span> <span word="shift">shift</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span>, <span word="as">as</span> <span word="happens">happens</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="periodic">periodic</span> <span word="oscillations">oscillations</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="appearances">appearances</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="warm">warm</span> <span word="EI">EI</span> <span word="Nino">Nino</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cold">cold</span> <span word="so">so</span>-<span word="called">called</span> <span word="anti">anti</span>-<span word="El">El</span> <span word="Nino">Nino</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="answer">answer</span>, <span word="at">at</span> <span word="least">least</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="current">current</span> <span word="model">model</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="links">links</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="behavior">behavior</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ocean">ocean</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="atmosphere">atmosphere</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="correct">correct</span>, <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ocean">ocean</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="El">El</span> <span word="Nino">Nino</span>, <span word="two">two</span> <span word="conditions">conditions</span> <span word="exist">exist</span>: <span word="unusually">unusually</span> <span word="warm">warm</span> <span word="water">water</span> <span word="extends">extends</span> <span word="along">along</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="eastern">eastern</span> <span word="Pacific">Pacific</span>, <span word="principally">principally</span> <span word="along">along</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="coasts">coasts</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Ecuador">Ecuador</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Peru">Peru</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="winds">winds</span> <span word="blow">blow</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="west">west</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="warmer">warmer</span> <span word="air">air</span> <span word="rising">rising</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="warm">warm</span> <span word="water">water</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="east">east</span>. <span word="These">These</span> <span word="winds">winds</span> <span word="tend">tend</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="create">create</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="feedback">feedback</span> <span word="mechanism">mechanism</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="driving">driving</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="warmer">warmer</span> <span word="surface">surface</span> <span word="water">water</span> <span word="int">int</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="pile">pile</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="blocks">blocks</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="normal">normal</span> <span word="upwelling">upwelling</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="deeper">deeper</span>, <span word="cold">cold</span> <span word="water">water</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="east">east</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="further">further</span> <span word="warms">warms</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="eastern">eastern</span> <span word="water">water</span>, <span word="thus">thus</span> <span word="strengthening">strengthening</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="wind">wind</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="more">more</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="contribution">contribution</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="model">model</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="show">show</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="winds">winds</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="El">El</span> <span word="Nino">Nino</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="raise">raise</span> <span word="sea">sea</span> <span word="level">level</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cast">cast</span>, <span word="simultaneously">simultaneously</span> <span word="send">send</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="signal">signal</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="west">west</span> <span word="lowering">lowering</span> <span word="sea">sea</span> <span word="level">level</span>. <span word="According">According</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="model">model</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="signal">signal</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="generated">generated</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="negative">negative</span> <span word="Rossby">Rossby</span> <span word="wave">wave</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="wave">wave</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="depressed">depressed</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="negative">negative</span>, <span word="sea">sea</span> <span word="level">level</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="moves">moves</span> <span word="westward">westward</span> <span word="parallel">parallel</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="equator">equator</span> <span word="at">at</span> 25 <span word="to">to</span> 85 <span word="kilometers">kilometers</span> <span word="per">per</span> <span word="day">day</span>. <span word="Taking">Taking</span> <span word="months">months</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="traverse">traverse</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Pacific">Pacific</span>, <span word="Rossby">Rossby</span> <span word="waves">waves</span> <span word="march">march</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="western">western</span> <span word="boundary">boundary</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Pacific">Pacific</span> <span word="basin">basin</span>,<span word="which">which</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="modeled">modeled</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="smooth">smooth</span> <span word="wall">wall</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="reality">reality</span> <span word="consists">consists</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="quite">quite</span> <span word="irregular">irregular</span> <span word="island">island</span> <span word="chains">chains</span>, <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Philippines">Philippines</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Indonesia">Indonesia</span>.</p>
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