2014年职称英语考试基础篇精读荟萃(11)
<p> <span word="Passage">Passage</span> <span word="Eleven">Eleven</span></p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="stone">stone</span> <span word="age">age</span>, <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Iron">Iron</span> <span word="Age">Age</span>.<span word="Entire">Entire</span> <span word="epochs">epochs</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="named">named</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="materials">materials</span>. <span word="So">So</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="call">call</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="decades">decades</span> <span word="ahead">ahead</span>?<span word="The">The</span> <span word="choice">choice</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="tough">tough</span>. <span word="Welcome">Welcome</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="age">age</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="superstuff">superstuff</span>. <span word="Material">Material</span> <span word="science">science</span> --<span word="once">once</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="least">least</span> <span word="sexy">sexy</span> <span word="technology">technology</span><span word="is">is</span> <span word="bursting">bursting</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="new">new</span>, <span word="practical">practical</span> <span word="discoveries">discoveries</span> <span word="ledby">ledby</span> <span word="superconducting">superconducting</span> <span word="ceramics">ceramics</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="revolutionize">revolutionize</span> <span word="electronics">electronics</span>. <span word="Butsuperconductors">Butsuperconductors</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="part">part</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="picture">picture</span>: <span word="from">from</span> <span word="house">house</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="cars">cars</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="cook">cook</span> <span word="potsand">potsand</span> <span word="artificial">artificial</span> <span word="teeth">teeth</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="someday">someday</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="stuff">stuff</span>. <span word="Exoticplastics">Exoticplastics</span>, <span word="glass">glass</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="ceramics">ceramics</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="shape">shape</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="future">future</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="surely">surely</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="havegenetic">havegenetic</span> <span word="engineering">engineering</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="computer">computer</span> <span word="science">science</span>.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="key">key</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="materials">materials</span> <span word="isresearchers">isresearchers</span> <span word="increasing">increasing</span> <span word="ability">ability</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="manipulate">manipulate</span> <span word="substances">substances</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="molecular">molecular</span> <span word="level">level</span>.<span word="Ceramics">Ceramics</span>, <span word="for">for</span> <span word="example">example</span>, <span word="have">have</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="limited">limited</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="brittleness">brittleness</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="byminimizing">byminimizing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="microscopic">microscopic</span> <span word="imperfections">imperfections</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="cause">cause</span> <span word="it">it</span>, <span word="scientists">scientists</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="makingfar">makingfar</span> <span word="stronger">stronger</span> <span word="ceramics">ceramics</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="retain">retain</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="qualities">qualities</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="hardness">hardness</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="heatresistance">heatresistance</span>. <span word="Ford">Ford</span> <span word="Motor">Motor</span> <span word="Co">Co</span>. <span word="now">now</span> <span word="uses">uses</span> <span word="ceramic">ceramic</span> <span word="tools">tools</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="cut">cut</span> <span word="steel">steel</span>. <span word="A">A</span> <span word="firm">firm</span> <span word="calledKyocera">calledKyocera</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="created">created</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="line">line</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="ceramic">ceramic</span> <span word="scissors">scissors</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="knives">knives</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="stay">stay</span> <span word="sharp">sharp</span> <span word="foryears">foryears</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="rust">rust</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="corrode">corrode</span>.</p><p> <span word="A">A</span> <span word="similar">similar</span> <span word="transformation">transformation</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="overtakenplastics">overtakenplastics</span>. <span word="High">High</span>-<span word="strength">strength</span> <span word="polymers">polymers</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="form">form</span> <span word="bridges">bridges</span>, <span word="ice">ice</span>-<span word="skating">skating</span> <span word="rinks">rinks</span> <span word="andhelicopter">andhelicopter</span> <span word="rotors">rotors</span>. <span word="And">And</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="plastic">plastic</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="generates">generates</span> <span word="electricity">electricity</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="vibratedor">vibratedor</span> <span word="pushed">pushed</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="electric">electric</span> <span word="guitars">guitars</span>, <span word="touch">touch</span> <span word="sensors">sensors</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="robot">robot</span> <span word="hands">hands</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="karatejackets">karatejackets</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="automatically">automatically</span> <span word="record">record</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="punch">punch</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="chop">chop</span>. <span word="Even">Even</span> <span word="plastic">plastic</span> <span word="litter">litter</span>,<span word="which">which</span> <span word="once">once</span> <span word="threatened">threatened</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="permanently">permanently</span> <span word="blot">blot</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="landscape">landscape</span>, <span word="has">has</span> <span word="proved">proved</span> <span word="amenable">amenable</span> <span word="tomolecular">tomolecular</span> <span word="tinkering">tinkering</span>. <span word="Several">Several</span> <span word="manufacturers">manufacturers</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="biodegradable">biodegradable</span> <span word="forms">forms</span>; <span word="someplastic">someplastic</span> <span word="six">six</span>-<span word="pack">pack</span> <span word="rings">rings</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="example">example</span>, <span word="gradually">gradually</span> <span word="decompose">decompose</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="exposed">exposed</span> <span word="tosunlight">tosunlight</span>. <span word="Researchers">Researchers</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="developing">developing</span> <span word="ways">ways</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="plastics">plastics</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="recyclable">recyclable</span> <span word="asmetal">asmetal</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="glass">glass</span>. <span word="Besides">Besides</span>, <span word="composites">composites</span><span word="plastic">plastic</span> <span word="reinforced">reinforced</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="fibers">fibers</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="graphiteor">graphiteor</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="compounds">compounds</span><span word="made">made</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="round">round</span>-<span word="the">the</span>-<span word="world">world</span> <span word="flight">flight</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="voyager">voyager</span> <span word="possible">possible</span> <span word="andhave">andhave</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="proved">proved</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="combat">combat</span>: <span word="a">a</span> <span word="helmet">helmet</span> <span word="saved">saved</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="infantrymans">infantrymans</span> <span word="life">life</span> <span word="bydeflecting">bydeflecting</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="bullets">bullets</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Grenada">Grenada</span> <span word="invasion">invasion</span>.</p>
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