2015职称英语理工类教材新增内容阅读理解篇(6)
<p> <span word="Ants">Ants</span> <span word="Have">Have</span> <span word="Big">Big</span> <span word="Impact">Impact</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="Environment">Environment</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="Ecosystem">Ecosystem</span> <span word="Engineers">Engineers</span></p><p> <span word="Firstly">Firstly</span>, <span word="through">through</span> <span word="moving">moving</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="soil">soil</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="nest">nest</span> <span word="building">building</span>2 <span word="activity">activity</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="collecting">collecting</span> <span word="food">food</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="affect">affect</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="level">level</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="nutrients">nutrients</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="soil">soil</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="indirectly">indirectly</span> <span word="impact">impact</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="local">local</span> <span word="populations">populations</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="animal">animal</span> <span word="groups">groups</span>, <span word="from">from</span> <span word="decomposers">decomposers</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="species">species</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="higher">higher</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="food">food</span> <span word="chain">chain</span>.</p><p> <span word="Dirk">Dirk</span> <span word="Sanders">Sanders</span>, <span word="an">an</span> <span word="author">author</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="universitys">universitys</span> <span word="Centre">Centre</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="Ecology">Ecology</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Conservation">Conservation</span>, <span word="said">said</span>:<span word="Ants">Ants</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="effective">effective</span> <span word="predators">predators</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="thrive">thrive</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="huge">huge</span> <span word="numbers">numbers</span>. <span word="Theyre">Theyre</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="territorial">territorial</span>3 <span word="and">and</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="aggressive">aggressive</span>, <span word="defending">defending</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="resources">resources</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="territory">territory</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="predators">predators</span>. <span word="All">All</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="means">means</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="strong">strong</span> <span word="influence">influence</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="surrounding">surrounding</span> <span word="area">area</span>.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="study">study</span>, <span word="carried">carried</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Germany">Germany</span>, <span word="studied">studied</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="impact">impact</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="presence">presence</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="combinations">combinations</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="densities">densities</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="black">black</span> <span word="garden">garden</span> <span word="ants">ants</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="common">common</span> <span word="red">red</span> <span word="ants">ants</span>, <span word="both">both</span> <span word="species">species</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="across">across</span> <span word="Europe">Europe</span>, <span word="including">including</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="UK">UK</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="low">low</span> <span word="density">density</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="ants">ants</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="area">area</span> <span word="increased">increased</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="diversity">diversity</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="density">density</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="animals">animals</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="local">local</span> <span word="area">area</span>, <span word="particularly">particularly</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="density">density</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="herbivores">herbivores</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="decomposers">decomposers</span>. <span word="At">At</span> <span word="higher">higher</span> <span word="densities">densities</span> <span word="ants">ants</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="opposite">opposite</span> <span word="effect">effect</span>, <span word="showing">showing</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="predation">predation</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="counteracting">counteracting</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="positive">positive</span> <span word="influence">influence</span>.</p><p> <span word="Ants">Ants</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="components">components</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="ecosystems">ecosystems</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="constitute">constitute</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="part">part</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="animal">animal</span> <span word="biomass">biomass</span>5 <span word="but">but</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="act">act</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="ecosystem">ecosystem</span> <span word="engineers">engineers</span>. <span word="Ant">Ant</span> <span word="biodiversity">biodiversity</span>6 <span word="is">is</span> <span word="incredibly">incredibly</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="organisms">organisms</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="highly">highly</span> <span word="responsive">responsive</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="impact">impact</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="obviously">obviously</span> <span word="reduces">reduces</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="richness">richness</span>. <span word="However">However</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="clear">clear</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="disturbance">disturbance</span> <span word="damages">damages</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="maintenance">maintenance</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="ant">ant</span> <span word="services">services</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ecosystem">ecosystem</span>. <span word="Ants">Ants</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="below">below</span> <span word="ground">ground</span> <span word="processes">processes</span>8 <span word="through">through</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="alteration">alteration</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="physical">physical</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="chemical">chemical</span> <span word="environment">environment</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="effects">effects</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="plants">plants</span>, <span word="microorganisms">microorganisms</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="soil">soil</span> <span word="organisms">organisms</span>.</p>
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