2015年综合类阅读理解职称英语专项练习(五)
<p> <span word="Architecture">Architecture</span></p><p> <span word="Architecture">Architecture</span> is to building as literature is to the printed word. The best buildings are often so well constructed that they outlast their original use. They then survive not only as beautiful objects, but as documents of the history of cultures. These achievements are never wholly the work of individuals. Architecture is a social art.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="renaissance">renaissance</span> <span word="brought">brought</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="entirely">entirely</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="age">age</span>, <span word="not">not</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="philosophy">philosophy</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="literature">literature</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="visual">visual</span> <span word="arts">arts</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="well">well</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="architecture">architecture</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="principles">principles</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="styles">styles</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="ancient">ancient</span> <span word="Greece">Greece</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Rome">Rome</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="bought">bought</span> <span word="back">back</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="life">life</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="reinterpreted">reinterpreted</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="remain">remain</span> <span word="dominant">dominant</span> <span word="until">until</span> <span word="the">the</span> 20<span word="th">th</span> <span word="century">century</span>.</p><p> <span word="Many">Many</span> <span word="kinds">kinds</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="stone">stone</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="building">building</span> <span word="materials">materials</span>. <span word="Stone">Stone</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="marble">marble</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="chosen">chosen</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="monuments">monuments</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="burnable">burnable</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="expected">expected</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="endure">endure</span>. <span word="Stone">Stone</span> <span word="architecture">architecture</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="blended">blended</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="stone">stone</span> <span word="sculpture">sculpture</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="stone">stone</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="declined">declined</span>, <span word="however">however</span>, <span word="because">because</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="materials">materials</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="adaptable">adaptable</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="industrial">industrial</span> <span word="use">use</span>.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="complexity">complexity</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="modern">modern</span> <span word="life">life</span> <span word="calls">calls</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="variety">variety</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="buildings">buildings</span>. <span word="More">More</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="live">live</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="mass">mass</span> <span word="housing">housing</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="office">office</span> <span word="buildings">buildings</span>; <span word="they">they</span> <span word="spend">spend</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="income">income</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="shopping">shopping</span> <span word="centers">centers</span>, <span word="send">send</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="kinds">kinds</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="schools">schools</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="sick">sick</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="specialized">specialized</span> <span word="hospitals">hospitals</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="clinics">clinics</span>. <span word="All">All</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="types">types</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="buildings">buildings</span> <span word="accumulated">accumulated</span> <span word="experiences">experiences</span> <span word="needed">needed</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="designers">designers</span>.</p><p> <span word="By">By</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="middle">middle</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> 20<span word="th">th</span> <span word="century">century</span>, <span word="modern">modern</span> <span word="architecture">architecture</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="influenced">influenced</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="technology">technology</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="mass">mass</span> <span word="production">production</span>, <span word="was">was</span> <span word="dealing">dealing</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="increasingly">increasingly</span> <span word="complex">complex</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="needs">needs</span>. <span word="Important">Important</span> <span word="characteristics">characteristics</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="modern">modern</span> <span word="architectural">architectural</span> <span word="works">works</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="expanses">expanses</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="glass">glass</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="reinforced">reinforced</span> <span word="concrete">concrete</span>. <span word="Advanced">Advanced</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="elevator">elevator</span> <span word="technology">technology</span>, <span word="air">air</span> <span word="conditioning">conditioning</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="electric">electric</span> <span word="lighting">lighting</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="effects">effects</span>.</p>
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