综合类职称英语考试阅读理解练习题(5)
<p> <span word="Ancient">Ancient</span> <span word="Egypt">Egypt</span> <span word="Brought">Brought</span> <span word="Down">Down</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="Famine">Famine</span> <span word="Even">Even</span> <span word="ancient">ancient</span> <span word="Egypts">Egypts</span> <span word="mighty">mighty</span> <span word="pyramidbuilders">pyramidbuilders</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="powerless">powerless</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="face">face</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="faminethat">faminethat</span> <span word="helped">helped</span> <span word="bring">bring</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="civilization">civilization</span> <span word="around">around</span> 2180 <span word="B">B</span>.<span word="C">C</span>..<span word="Now">Now</span> <span word="evidence">evidence</span> <span word="collected">collected</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="mud">mud</span> <span word="deposited">deposited</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="River">River</span> <span word="Nile">Nile</span> <span word="suggests">suggests</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="shift">shift</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="climate">climate</span> <span word="thousands">thousands</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="kilometers">kilometers</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="south">south</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="ultimately">ultimately</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="blame">blame</span>--<span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="worse">worse</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="happen">happen</span> <span word="today">today</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="ancient">ancient</span> <span word="Egyptians">Egyptians</span> <span word="depended">depended</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Niles">Niles</span> <span word="annual">annual</span> <span word="floods">floods</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="irrigate">irrigate</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="crops">crops</span>.<span word="But">But</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="change">change</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="climate">climate</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="pushed">pushed</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="African">African</span> <span word="monsoonssouthwards">monsoonssouthwards</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="reduced">reduced</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="floods">floods</span>. <span word="Declining">Declining</span> <span word="rains">rains</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Ethiopian">Ethiopian</span> <span word="highlands">highlands</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="meant">meant</span> <span word="fewer">fewer</span> <span word="plants">plants</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="stabilize">stabilize</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="soil">soil</span>.<span word="W">W</span>.1<span word="len">len</span> <span word="rain">rain</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="fall">fall</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="washed">washed</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="amounts">amounts</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="soil">soil</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Blue">Blue</span> <span word="Nile">Nile</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="Egypt">Egypt</span>，<span word="along">along</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="sedimentfrom">sedimentfrom</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="White">White</span> <span word="Nile">Nile</span>. <span word="Blue">Blue</span> <span word="Nile">Nile</span> <span word="mud">mud</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="isotopesignature">isotopesignature</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="white">white</span> <span word="Nile">Nile</span>.<span word="So">So</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="analyzing">analyzing</span> <span word="isotope">isotope</span> <span word="differences">differences</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="mud">mud</span> <span word="deposited">deposited</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Nile">Nile</span> <span word="Delta">Delta</span>.<span word="Michael">Michael</span> <span word="Krom">Krom</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="LeedsUniversity">LeedsUniversity</span> <span word="worked">worked</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="proportion">proportion</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="sediment">sediment</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="branch">branch</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="river">river</span>. <span word="Krom">Krom</span> <span word="reasons">reasons</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="periods">periods</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="drought">drought</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="amount">amount</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Blue">Blue</span> <span word="Nile">Nile</span> <span word="mud">mud</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="river">river</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="relatively">relatively</span> <span word="high">high</span>.<span word="He">He</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="periods">periods</span>，<span word="from">from</span> 4500 <span word="to">to</span> 4200 <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>。<span word="immediately">immediately</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fall">fall</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Egypts">Egypts</span> <span word="old">old</span> <span word="Kingdom">Kingdom</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="weakened">weakened</span> <span word="waters">waters</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="disaster">disaster</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Egyptians">Egyptians</span>.<span word="Changes">Changes</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="affect">affect</span> <span word="food">food</span> <span word="supply">supply</span> <span word="dont">dont</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="rippleeffect">rippleeffect</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="societies">societies</span>，<span word="says">says</span> <span word="Bill">Bill</span> <span word="Ryan">Ryan</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Lamont">Lamont</span> <span word="Doherty">Doherty</span> <span word="Earth">Earth</span> <span word="Observatory">Observatory</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="New">New</span> <span word="York">York</span>. <span word="Similar">Similar</span> <span word="events">events</span> <span word="today">today</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="devastating">devastating</span>，<span word="says">says</span> <span word="team">team</span> <span word="member">member</span> <span word="Daniel">Daniel</span> <span word="Stanley">Stanley</span>.<span word="ascientist">ascientist</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Smithsonian">Smithsonian</span> <span word="Institution">Institution</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Washington">Washington</span> <span word="D">D</span>.<span word="C">C</span>.<span word="Anything">Anything</span> <span word="humans">humans</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="shift">shift</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="climate">climate</span> <span word="belts">belts</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="worse">worse</span> <span word="effect">effect</span> <span word="along">along</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Nile">Nile</span> <span word="system">system</span> <span word="today">today</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="populations">populations</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="increased">increased</span> <span word="dramatically">dramatically</span>. 36 <span word="Why">Why</span> <span word="does">does</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="author">author</span> <span word="mention">mention</span> <span word="Egypts">Egypts</span> <span word="mighty">mighty</span> <span word="pyramid">pyramid</span> <span word="builders">builders</span>? <span word="A">A</span> <span word="Because">Because</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="once">once</span> <span word="worked">worked</span> <span word="miracles">miracles</span>. <span word="B">B</span> <span word="Because">Because</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="wellbuilt">wellbuilt</span>. <span word="C">C</span> <span word="Because">Because</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="actually">actually</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="weak">weak</span>. <span word="D">D</span> <span word="Because">Because</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="unable">unable</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="rescue">rescue</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="civilization">civilization</span>. 37 <span word="Which">Which</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="factors">factors</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="ultimately">ultimately</span> <span word="responsible">responsible</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="bringing">bringing</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="civilization">civilization</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="ancient">ancient</span> <span word="Egypt">Egypt</span>? <span word="A">A</span> <span word="Change">Change</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="climate">climate</span>. <span word="B">B</span> <span word="Corrulption">Corrulption</span>. <span word="C">C</span> <span word="flood">flood</span>. <span word="D">D</span> <span word="Population">Population</span> <span word="growth">growth</span>. 38 <span word="which">which</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="statements">statements</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="true">true</span>? <span word="A">A</span> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="White">White</span> <span word="Nile">Nile</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="trunk">trunk</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="River">River</span> <span word="Nile">Nile</span>. <span word="B">B</span> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="White">White</span> <span word="Nile">Nile</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="trunk">trunk</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Blue">Blue</span> <span word="Nile">Nile</span>. <span word="C">C</span> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="White">White</span> <span word="Nile">Nile</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="branch">branch</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Blue">Blue</span> <span word="Nile">Nile</span>. <span word="D">D</span> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="White">White</span> <span word="Nile">Nile</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="branch">branch</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="River">River</span> <span word="Nile">Nile</span>. 39 <span word="According">According</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Krom">Krom</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="Egypts">Egypts</span> <span word="o">o</span>1<span word="d">d</span> <span word="Kingdom">Kingdom</span> <span word="fell">fell</span> <span word="A">A</span> <span word="immediately">immediately</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="period">period</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="drought">drought</span>. <span word="B">B</span> <span word="immediately">immediately</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="period">period</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="flood">flood</span>. <span word="C">C</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="drought">drought</span> <span word="struck">struck</span>. <span word="D">D</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="flood">flood</span> <span word="struck">struck</span>. 40 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="word">word</span> <span word="devastating">devastating</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="paragraph">paragraph</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="replaced">replaced</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="A">A</span> <span word="frustrating">frustrating</span>. <span word="B">B</span> <span word="damaging">damaging</span>. <span word="C">C</span> <span word="defeating">defeating</span>. <span word="D">D</span> <span word="worrying">worrying</span>. 答案解析 36.<span word="D">D</span>这道题问的是：作者为什么提及古埃及伟大的金字塔建筑者?文章开头有这么一句话，中文意思是：即使古埃及伟大的金字塔建筑者面对那场在公元前2180年促使他们的文明毁灭的饥荒也无能为力。<span word="D">D</span>说的是：即使是他们也不能挽救他们的文明。因此<span word="D">D</span>是正确的答案。<span word="A">A</span>说的是：他们曾创造过奇迹。<span word="B">B</span>说的是：他们很强壮。<span word="C">C</span>说的是：他们其实很弱。 37.<span word="A">A</span>这道题问的是：下面列出的几种因素中哪一种因素是造成古埃及文明毁灭的根本性因素。<span word="A">A</span>说的是：气候变化。第一段中有这样一个子句：<span word="a">a</span> <span word="shift">shift</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="climatewas">climatewas</span> <span word="ultimately">ultimately</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="blame">blame</span>最终归咎于气候的变化。在第一题的题解中，我们提到了饥荒 与古埃及文明毁灭的关系。但饥荒是表层的因素，气候的变化才是古埃及 文明毁灭的深层的因素。因此，<span word="A">A</span>是正确的答案。<span word="B">B</span>：腐败。<span word="c">c</span>：水灾。<span word="D">D</span>：人口增长。 38.<span word="D">D</span>这道题问的是：下面列出的几种陈述哪一种是正确的?<span word="D">D</span>说的是：白尼罗河是尼罗河的支流。第四段中的最后一句话是这么说的：<span word="worked">worked</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="whatproportion">whatproportion</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="sediment">sediment</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="branch">branch</span> <span word="ofthe">ofthe</span> <span word="river">river</span>.找到了来自河的每条支流的沉积物的比例。这里的河是指尼罗河，每条支流回指上文所说的青尼罗河和白尼罗河。因此，<span word="D">D</span> 是正确的答案。<span word="A">A</span>：白尼罗河是尼罗河的干流。<span word="B">B</span>：白尼罗河是青尼罗河的干流。<span word="c">c</span>：白尼罗河是青尼罗河的支流：显然，这些都不构成答案。 39.<span word="A">A</span>这道题问的是：古埃及王朝毁灭发生在什么时候?<span word="A">A</span>说的是：就在一个时期的干旱之后。第五段有这么一个句子：<span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="periodsimmediately">periodsimmediately</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fall">fall</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Egypts">Egypts</span> <span word="Old">Old</span> <span word="Kingdom">Kingdom</span>.其中的一个时期就发生在古埃及王国毁灭之前。可以看出，<span word="A">A</span>应该是正确的答案。<span word="B">B</span>：就在一个时期的水灾之后。<span word="C">C</span>：就在遇到一次旱灾之前。<span word="D">D</span>：就在遇到一次水灾之前。 40.<span word="B">B</span> <span word="devastate">devastate</span>是及物动词。意思是：使荒芜;破坏。<span word="devastating">devastating</span>既是现在分词，又是形容词。此处<span word="devastating">devastating</span>不是现在分词，因为它后面不跟名词短语，它只能是形容词。它的意思是：破坏性的。<span word="frustrate">frustrate</span>是动词。意思是：使受挫;受挫。<span word="frustrating">frustrating</span>是现在分词，同时也是形容词。作形容词时，它的意思是：失望的。可以看出，它跟<span word="devastating">devastating</span>的意思相差很远。<span word="damage">damage</span>：破坏，毁灭。<span word="damaging">damaging</span>是它的现在分词，但它本身也是形容词，意思是：破坏的或毁灭的。跟<span word="devastating">devastating</span>意思相近，是合适的选择。<span word="defeat">defeat</span>：击败。<span word="worry">worry</span>：担忧，发愁。<span word="worrying">worrying</span>：令人担忧的，令人发愁的。</p>
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