综合类职称英语阅读理解专项练习及答案(4)
<p> <span word="An">An</span> <span word="underground">underground</span> <span word="revolution">revolution</span> <span word="begins">begins</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="winter">winter</span>.<span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="flipof">flipof</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="switch">switch</span>，30，000 <span word="homes">homes</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="part">part</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Detroit">Detroit</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="soon">soon</span> <span word="become">become</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="country">country</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="receive">receive</span> <span word="electricity">electricity</span> <span word="transmitted">transmitted</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="ice">ice</span>.<span word="cold">cold</span> <span word="high">high</span>.<span word="performance">performance</span> <span word="cables">cables</span>.<span word="Other">Other</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="cities">cities</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="expected">expected</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="follow">follow</span> <span word="Detroits">Detroits</span> <span word="example">example</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ahead">ahead</span>.<span word="which">which</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="conserve">conserve</span> <span word="enormous">enormous</span> <span word="amounts">amounts</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="power">power</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="electrical">electrical</span> <span word="cables">cables</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Frisbie">Frisbie</span> <span word="power">power</span> <span word="station">station</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Detroit">Detroit</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="revolutionary">revolutionary</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="superconductors">superconductors</span>.<span word="A">A</span> <span word="superconductor">superconductor</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="material">material</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="transmits">transmits</span> <span word="electricity">electricity</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="resistance">resistance</span>.<span word="Resistance">Resistance</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="degree">degree</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="substance">substance</span> <span word="resists">resists</span> <span word="electric">electric</span> <span word="current">current</span>.<span word="All">All</span> <span word="common">common</span> <span word="electrical">electrical</span> <span word="conductors">conductors</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="certain">certain</span> <span word="amount">amount</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="electrical">electrical</span> <span word="resistance">resistance</span>.<span word="They">They</span> <span word="convert">convert</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="least">least</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="electrical">electrical</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="passing">passing</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="waste">waste</span> <span word="heat">heat</span>.<span word="Superconductors">Superconductors</span> <span word="dont">dont</span>? <span word="No">No</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="understands">understands</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="superconductivity">superconductivity</span> <span word="works">works</span>.<span word="It">It</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="does">does</span>. <span word="Making">Making</span> <span word="superconductors">superconductors</span> <span word="isnt">isnt</span> <span word="easy">easy</span>.<span word="A">A</span> <span word="superconductor">superconductor</span> <span word="material">material</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="cooled">cooled</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="extremely">extremely</span> <span word="low">low</span> <span word="temperature">temperature</span> <span word="to">to</span> 10<span word="se">se</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="resistance">resistance</span>.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="superconductors">superconductors</span>，<span word="made">made</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> 50 <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>，<span word="had">had</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="cooled">cooled</span> <span word="to">to</span> -263 <span word="degrees">degrees</span> <span word="Celsius">Celsius</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="lost">lost</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="resistance">resistance</span>.<span word="Newer">Newer</span> <span word="superconducting">superconducting</span> <span word="materials">materials</span> 10<span word="se">se</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="resistance">resistance</span> <span word="at">at</span> -143 <span word="degrees">degrees</span> <span word="Celsius">Celsius</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="superconductors">superconductors</span> <span word="cable">cable</span> <span word="installed">installed</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Frisbie">Frisbie</span> <span word="station">station</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="ceramic">ceramic</span> <span word="material">material</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="contains">contains</span> <span word="copper">copper</span>.<span word="oxygen">oxygen</span>.<span word="bismuth">bismuth</span>。<span word="strontium">strontium</span>。<span word="and">and</span> <span word="calcium">calcium</span>。<span word="A">A</span> <span word="ceramic">ceramic</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="hard">hard</span>.<span word="strong">strong</span> <span word="compound">compound</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="clay">clay</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="minerals">minerals</span>.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="superconducting">superconducting</span> <span word="ceramic">ceramic</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="fashioned">fashioned</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="tape">tape</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="wrapped">wrapped</span> <span word="lengthwise">lengthwise</span> <span word="around">around</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="tube">tube</span> <span word="filled">filled</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="liquid">liquid</span> <span word="nitrogen">nitrogen</span>. <span word="Liquid">Liquid</span> <span word="nitrogen">nitrogen</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="super">super</span> <span word="cold">cold</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="lowers">lowers</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="temperature">temperature</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ceramic">ceramic</span> <span word="tape">tape</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="point">point</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="conveys">conveys</span> <span word="electricity">electricity</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="zero">zero</span> <span word="resistance">resistance</span>.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="United">United</span> <span word="States">States</span> <span word="loses">loses</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="enormous">enormous</span> <span word="amount">amount</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="electricity">electricity</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="year">year</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="resistance">resistance</span>.<span word="Because">Because</span> <span word="cooled">cooled</span> <span word="superconductors">superconductors</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="resistance">resistance</span>.<span word="they">they</span> <span word="waste">waste</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="power">power</span>.0<span word="ther">ther</span> <span word="cities">cities</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="watching">watching</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Frisbie">Frisbie</span> <span word="experiment">experiment</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="hope">hope</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="switch">switch</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="superconducting">superconducting</span> <span word="cable">cable</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="conserve">conserve</span> <span word="power">power</span> <span word="too">too</span>. 36 <span word="What">What</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="benefit">benefit</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="revolution">revolution</span> <span word="mentioned">mentioned</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="paragraph">paragraph</span>? <span word="A">A</span> <span word="With">With</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="flip">flip</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="swish">swish</span>.<span word="electricity">electricity</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="transmitted">transmitted</span>. <span word="B">B</span> <span word="Other">Other</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="cities">cities</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="benefit">benefit</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="performance">performance</span> <span word="cables">cables</span>. <span word="C">C</span> <span word="Great">Great</span> <span word="amounts">amounts</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="power">power</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="conserved">conserved</span>. <span word="D">D</span> <span word="Detroit">Detroit</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="receive">receive</span> <span word="electricity">electricity</span> <span word="transmitted">transmitted</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="electrical">electrical</span> <span word="cables">cables</span> 37 <span word="Compared">Compared</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="common">common</span> <span word="electrical">electrical</span> <span word="conductors">conductors</span>，<span word="superconductors">superconductors</span> <span word="A">A</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="electrical">electrical</span> <span word="resistance">resistance</span>. <span word="B">B</span> <span word="Can">Can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="time">time</span>. <span word="C">C</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="energy">energy</span>-<span word="efficient">efficient</span>. <span word="D">D</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="easily">easily</span>. 38 <span word="At">At</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="temperature">temperature</span> <span word="does">does</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="superconducting">superconducting</span> <span word="ceramic">ceramic</span> <span word="lose">lose</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="resistance">resistance</span>? <span word="A">A</span> -143 <span word="degree">degree</span> <span word="Celsius">Celsius</span>. <span word="B">B</span> -263 <span word="degree">degree</span> <span word="Celsius">Celsius</span>. <span word="C">C</span> <span word="As">As</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="ice">ice</span>-<span word="cold">cold</span>. <span word="D">D</span> <span word="Absolute">Absolute</span> <span word="zero">zero</span>. 39 <span word="What">What</span> <span word="element">element</span> <span word="enables">enables</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ceramic">ceramic</span> <span word="tape">tape</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="lower">lower</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="temperature">temperature</span>? <span word="A">A</span> <span word="Copper">Copper</span>. <span word="B">B</span> <span word="Liquid">Liquid</span> <span word="nitrogen">nitrogen</span>. <span word="C">C</span> <span word="Clay">Clay</span>. <span word="D">D</span> <span word="Calcium">Calcium</span>. 40 <span word="According">According</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="paragraph">paragraph</span>，<span word="which">which</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="statements">statements</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="NOT">NOT</span> <span word="true">true</span>? <span word="A">A</span> <span word="Other">Other</span> <span word="cities">cities</span> <span word="hope">hope</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="Can">Can</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="conserve">conserve</span> <span word="power">power</span>. <span word="B">B</span> <span word="Other">Other</span> <span word="cities">cities</span> <span word="hope">hope</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="Can">Can</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="superconducting">superconducting</span> <span word="cables">cables</span> <span word="soon">soon</span>. <span word="C">C</span> <span word="Superconductors">Superconductors</span> <span word="waste">waste</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="power">power</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="heir">heir</span> <span word="low">low</span> <span word="resistance">resistance</span>. <span word="D">D</span> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Frisbie">Frisbie</span> <span word="experiment">experiment</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="successful">successful</span>. 参考答案：<span word="C">C</span> <span word="A">A</span> <span word="A">A</span> <span word="B">B</span> <span word="D">D</span> 答案解析： 36.正确答案为<span word="C">C</span>.第一段的最后一句也提供了答案。尽管<span word="A">A</span>、<span word="B">B</span>、<span word="D">D</span>的内容都在第一段中被提及，但不是这场革命所带来的主要利益所在。 37.正确答案为<span word="A">A</span>.第二段的第二句和第四句提供了明确的答案，超导体几乎没有电阻，而普通导体都有一定量的电阻，故选<span word="A">A</span>. 38.正确答案为<span word="A">A</span>.题句的意思是：在什么温度下，超导体失去电阻?第三段最后一句提供了答案。<span word="B">B</span>是50年前第一代超导体的温度数。<span word="C">C</span>和<span word="D">D</span>都不是正确说法。 39.正确答案为<span word="B">B</span>.此题是细节题。第四段第四句提供了答案。<span word="A">A</span>和<span word="D">D</span>中的<span word="copper">copper</span>和<span word="calcium">calcium</span>是用来制造超导体的陶瓷材料的成分;<span word="C">C</span>中的<span word="clay">clay</span>是陶瓷材料的来源。 40.正确答案为<span word="D">D</span>.本题属于判断题。<span word="A">A</span>、<span word="B">B</span>、<span word="C">C</span>三个选项的信息在最后一段中都提到了，只有选项<span word="D">D</span>的意思没提到，所以选<span word="D">D</span>.</p>
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