职称英语理工类教材阅读理解的文章及译文(3)
<p> <span word="Citizen">Citizen</span> <span word="Scientists">Scientists</span> <span word="Understanding">Understanding</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="nature">nature</span> <span word="responds">responds</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="climate">climate</span> <span word="change">change</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="require">require</span> <span word="monitoring">monitoring</span> <span word="key">key</span> <span word="life">life</span> <span word="cycle">cycle</span>1 <span word="events">events</span>-<span word="flowering">flowering</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="appearance">appearance</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="leaves">leaves</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="frog">frog</span> <span word="calls">calls</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="spring">spring</span> - <span word="all">all</span> <span word="around">around</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="ecologists">ecologists</span> <span word="cant">cant</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="everywhere">everywhere</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="theyre">theyre</span> <span word="turning">turning</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="non">non</span>-<span word="scientists">scientists</span>, <span word="sometimes">sometimes</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="citizen">citizen</span> <span word="scientists">scientists</span>, <span word="for">for</span> <span word="help">help</span>. <span word="A">A</span> <span word="group">group</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="scientists">scientists</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="educators">educators</span> <span word="launched">launched</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="organization">organization</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="year">year</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="National">National</span> <span word="Pheonology">Pheonology</span>4 <span word="Network">Network</span>. <span word="Phenology">Phenology</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="scientists">scientists</span> <span word="call">call</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="timing">timing</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="events">events</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="nature">nature</span>. <span word="People">People</span> <span word="dont">dont</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="plant">plant</span> <span word="experts">experts</span> -<span word="they">they</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="look">look</span> <span word="around">around</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="whats">whats</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="neighborhood">neighborhood</span>, <span word="says">says</span> <span word="Jennifer">Jennifer</span> <span word="Schwartz">Schwartz</span>, <span word="an">an</span> <span word="education">education</span> <span word="consultant">consultant</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="project">project</span>. <span word="As">As</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="collect">collect</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="data">data</span>, <span word="well">well</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="able">able</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="estimate">estimate</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="plants">plants</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="eommunities">eommunities</span>5 <span word="of">of</span> <span word="plants">plants</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="animals">animals</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="respond">respond</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="climate">climate</span> <span word="changes">changes</span>. <span word="Frog">Frog</span> <span word="n">n</span>. 蛙 <span word="Ecologist">Ecologist</span> <span word="n">n</span>.生态学家 <span word="Phenology">Phenology</span> <span word="n">n</span>.物候学 <span word="Bud">Bud</span> <span word="v">v</span>.发芽，萌芽;<span word="n">n</span>.芽，花蕾 <span word="Professional">Professional</span> <span word="adj">adj</span>.专业的，职业的;<span word="n">n</span>.职业选手，专业人员 1. <span word="life">life</span> <span word="cycle">cycle</span>：生命周期，即生物发展过程的系列变化。 3. <span word="data">data</span> 是复数形式，但常用做单数，所以这里的代词是<span word="it">it</span>。另参见最后一段<span word="As">As</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="collect">collect</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="data">data</span>, ...。这里的<span word="data">data</span> 也用作单数。 5. <span word="communities">communities</span>：生态学词汇：生物群落，记载比较相似的环境条件下在特定自然区域或环境中生活和互相影响的一群植物和动物。 <span word="A">A</span>) <span word="to">to</span> <span word="provide">provide</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="personal">personal</span> <span word="life">life</span> <span word="cycles">cycles</span>. <span word="C">C</span>) <span word="to">to</span> <span word="collect">collect</span> <span word="data">data</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="life">life</span> <span word="cycle">cycle</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="living">living</span> <span word="things">things</span>. 2. <span word="What">What</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="citizen">citizen</span> <span word="scientists">scientists</span> <span word="asked">asked</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span>? <span word="B">B</span>) <span word="To">To</span> <span word="send">send</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="observations">observations</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="professional">professional</span> <span word="database">database</span>. <span word="D">D</span>) <span word="To">To</span> <span word="keep">keep</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="record">record</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="observations">observations</span>. <span word="A">A</span>) <span word="a">a</span> <span word="citizen">citizen</span> <span word="journalist">journalist</span>. <span word="C">C</span>) <span word="a">a</span> <span word="scientist">scientist</span>. 4. <span word="What">What</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="NOT">NOT</span> <span word="true">true</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Project">Project</span> <span word="BudBurst">BudBurst</span>? <span word="B">B</span>) <span word="Everybody">Everybody</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="participate">participate</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="it">it</span>. <span word="D">D</span>) <span word="It">It</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="own">own</span> <span word="website">website</span>. <span word="A">A</span>) <span word="To">To</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="plants">plants</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="buds">buds</span>. <span word="C">C</span>) <span word="To">To</span> <span word="collect">collect</span> <span word="life">life</span> <span word="cycle">cycle</span> <span word="data">data</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="variety">variety</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="common">common</span> <span word="plants">plants</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="across">across</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="United">United</span> <span word="States">States</span>. 答案与题解： 2. <span word="B">B</span>第二段第三句中<span word="encourage">encourage</span> <span word="ordinary">ordinary</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="observe">observe</span>的主语是<span word="The">The</span> <span word="citizen">citizen</span> <span word="scientist">scientist</span> <span word="movement">movement</span>，即公民参与科学观察的运动。所以<span word="D">D</span> 不是正确选择。<span word="A">A</span> 和<span word="C">C</span> 不符合文章的句意，因此也不是正确的选择。这个句子的大意是：这一运动鼓励普通公民根据自己的兴趣爱好进行科学观察，并将观察结果送交数据库，让专门领域的科学家做进一步的观察。<span word="B">B</span> 正确表达了这个意思。 4. <span word="A">A</span> 文章最后一段说，这个计划向所有人开放，所以应选择<span word="A">A</span>。<span word="B">B</span>，<span word="C">C</span>，<span word="D">D</span> 所述内容都在该段中提到。 译文：第三篇 公民科学家 气象科学家不可能足迹遍及天下。因为在世界上有如此多的地方，没有足够的科学家来观察它们。所以他们请求你来帮助观察全世界气候变化的迹象。公民科学家运动鼓励普通人根据自己的兴趣来观察某一个特定的方面鸟儿、树木、花卉等等一一并把他们的观察结果发送到一个巨大的数据库来供专业科学家研究。这有助于数量有限的科学家得到如果只靠他们自己根本收集不到的巨大数据。就像公民记者帮助报道传统资讯报道方式所忽略的小型社区的相关信息一样，公民科学家也对他们所居住的环境很熟悉。所需要的就是每天或每周留出儿分钟来搜集数据并发送过来。 其中一个小组的首要尝试就是依靠科学家和非科学家来收集关于每年植物开花和长叶子的数据。这一项目叫做花季追踪计划，它收集遍布美国的各种各样的植物生长周期的数据。参与这一项目的人们一一这一计划对所有人开放把他们的观察记录登录在花季追踪计划网站上。</p>
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