职称英语综合类阅读理解原文模拟第4篇
<p> 阅读下面的短文。每篇短文的后面有五个问题，每个问题有四个备选答案。请根据短文的内容选择最佳答案。每个试题计3分,共计15分 <span word="Find">Find</span> <span word="Yourself">Yourself</span> <span word="Packing">Packing</span> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="On">On</span>?<span word="Blame">Blame</span> <span word="Friends">Friends</span> <span word="Obesity">Obesity</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="spread">spread</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="person">person</span>，<span word="much">much</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="virus">virus</span>，<span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="reporting">reporting</span> <span word="today">today</span>.<span word="When">When</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="gains">gains</span> <span word="weight">weight</span>，<span word="close">close</span> <span word="friends">friends</span> <span word="tend">tend</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="gain">gain</span> <span word="weight">weight</span>，<span word="too">too</span>. <span word="Their">Their</span> <span word="study">study</span>，<span word="published">published</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="New">New</span> <span word="England">England</span> <span word="Journal">Journal</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Medicine">Medicine</span>，<span word="involved">involved</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="detailed">detailed</span> <span word="analysis">analysis</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="network">network</span> <span word="of">of</span> 12，067 <span word="people">people</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="closely">closely</span> <span word="followed">followed</span> <span word="for">for</span> 32 <span word="years">years</span>，<span word="from">from</span> 1971 <span word="to">to</span> 2003. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="investigators">investigators</span> <span word="knew">knew</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="friends">friends</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="whom">whom</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="spouse">spouse</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="sibling">sibling</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="neighbor">neighbor</span>，<span word="and">and</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="knew">knew</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="weighed">weighed</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="various">various</span> <span word="times">times</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="decades">decades</span>.1 <span word="That">That</span> <span word="let">let</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="reconstruct">reconstruct</span>2 <span word="what">what</span> <span word="happened">happened</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="individuals">individuals</span> <span word="became">became</span> <span word="obese">obese</span>.<span word="Did">Did</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="friends">friends</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="become">become</span> <span word="obese">obese</span>?<span word="Did">Did</span> <span word="family">family</span> <span word="members">members</span>?<span word="Or">Or</span> <span word="neighbors">neighbors</span>? <span word="The">The</span> <span word="answer">answer</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="report">report</span>，<span word="was">was</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="become">become</span> <span word="obese">obese</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="friend">friend</span> <span word="became">became</span> <span word="obese">obese</span>.<span word="That">That</span> <span word="increased">increased</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="persons">persons</span> <span word="chances">chances</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="becoming">becoming</span> <span word="obese">obese</span> <span word="by">by</span> 57 <span word="percent">percent</span>. 3 <span word="There">There</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="effect">effect</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="neighbor">neighbor</span> <span word="gained">gained</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="lost">lost</span> <span word="weight">weight</span>4，<span word="however">however</span>，<span word="and">and</span> <span word="family">family</span> <span word="members">members</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="influence">influence</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="friends">friends</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="matter">matter</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="friend">friend</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="hundreds">hundreds</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="miles">miles</span> <span word="away">away</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="influence">influence</span> <span word="remained">remained</span>. 5<span word="And">And</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="greatest">greatest</span> <span word="influence">influence</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="close">close</span> <span word="mutual">mutual</span> <span word="friends">friends</span>.<span word="There">There</span>，<span word="if">if</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="became">became</span> <span word="obese">obese</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="a">a</span> 171 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="increased">increased</span> <span word="chance">chance</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="becoming">becoming</span> <span word="obese">obese</span>，<span word="too">too</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="effect">effect</span> <span word="seemed">seemed</span> <span word="tO">tO</span> <span word="occur">occur</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="weight">weight</span> <span word="loss">loss</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="investigators">investigators</span> <span word="say">say</span>.<span word="But">But</span> <span word="since">since</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="gaining">gaining</span>，<span word="not">not</span> <span word="losing">losing</span>，<span word="over">over</span> <span word="the">the</span> 32 <span word="years">years</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="result">result</span> <span word="was">was</span>，<span word="on">on</span> <span word="average">average</span>，<span word="that">that</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="grew">grew</span> <span word="fatter">fatter</span>. <span word="Dr">Dr</span>.<span word="Nicholas">Nicholas</span> <span word="A">A</span>.<span word="Christakis">Christakis</span>，<span word="a">a</span> <span word="physician">physician</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="professor">professor</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="medical">medical</span> <span word="sociology">sociology</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="Harvard">Harvard</span> <span word="Medical">Medical</span> <span word="School">School</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="principal">principal</span> <span word="investigator">investigator</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="study">study</span>，<span word="said">said</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="explanation">explanation</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="friends">friends</span> <span word="affected">affected</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="others">others</span> <span word="perception">perception</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="fatness">fatness</span>6.<span word="When">When</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="close">close</span> <span word="friend">friend</span> <span word="becomes">becomes</span> <span word="obese">obese</span>，<span word="obesity">obesity</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="look">look</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="bad">bad</span>. <span word="You">You</span> <span word="change">change</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="acceptable">acceptable</span> <span word="body">body</span> <span word="type">type</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="looking">looking</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="around">around</span> <span word="you">you</span>，<span word="Dr">Dr</span>.<span word="Christakis">Christakis</span> <span word="said">said</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="investigators">investigators</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="findings">findings</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="explain">explain</span> <span word="why">why</span> <span word="Americans">Americans</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="become">become</span> <span word="fatter">fatter</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="recent">recent</span> <span word="yearseach">yearseach</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="became">became</span> <span word="obese">obese</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="drag">drag</span> <span word="along">along</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="friends">friends</span>. 7 <span word="Their">Their</span> <span word="analysis">analysis</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="unique">unique</span>，<span word="Dr">Dr</span>.<span word="Christakis">Christakis</span> <span word="said">said</span>，<span word="because">because</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="moved">moved</span> <span word="beyond">beyond</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="simple">simple</span> <span word="analysis">analysis</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="contacts">contacts</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="instead">instead</span> <span word="examined">examined</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="entire">entire</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="network">network</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="once">once</span>，<span word="looking">looking</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="persons">persons</span> <span word="friends">friends</span> <span word="friends">friends</span>，<span word="or">or</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="spouses">spouses</span> <span word="siblings">siblings</span> <span word="friends">friends</span>，<span word="could">could</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="influence">influence</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="persons">persons</span> <span word="weight">weight</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="effects">effects</span>，<span word="he">he</span> <span word="said">said</span>，<span word="highlight">highlight</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="importance">importance</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="spreading">spreading</span> <span word="process">process</span>，<span word="a">a</span> <span word="kind">kind</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="contagion">contagion</span>8，<span word="that">that</span> <span word="spreads">spreads</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="network">network</span>. <span word="Of">Of</span> <span word="course">course</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="investigators">investigators</span> <span word="say">say</span>，<span word="social">social</span> <span word="networks">networks</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="factors">factors</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="affect">affect</span> <span word="body">body</span> <span word="weight">weight</span>.<span word="There">There</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="strong">strong</span> <span word="genetic">genetic</span> <span word="component">component</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="work">work</span>，<span word="too">too</span>. <span word="Science">Science</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="shown">shown</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="individuals">individuals</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="genetically">genetically</span> <span word="determined">determined</span> <span word="ranges">ranges</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="weights">weights</span>，<span word="spanning">spanning</span> <span word="perhaps">perhaps</span> 30 <span word="or">or</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="pounds">pounds</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="person">person</span>.<span word="But">But</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="leaves">leaves</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="role">role</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="environment">environment</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="determining">determining</span> <span word="whether">whether</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="persons">persons</span> <span word="weight">weight</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="near">near</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="top">top</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="range">range</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="near">near</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bottom">bottom</span>.<span word="As">As</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="gotten">gotten</span> <span word="fatter">fatter</span>，<span word="it">it</span> <span word="appears">appears</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="edging">edging</span> <span word="toward">toward</span>9 <span word="the">the</span> <span word="top">top</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="ranges">ranges</span>.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="question">question</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="why">why</span>. <span word="If">If</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="correct">correct</span>，<span word="it">it</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="something">something</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="environment">environment</span> <span word="seeded">seeded</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="call">call</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="obesity">obesity</span> <span word="epidemic">epidemic</span>，<span word="making">making</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="gain">gain</span> <span word="weight">weight</span>.<span word="Then">Then</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="networks">networks</span> <span word="let">let</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="obesity">obesity</span> <span word="spread">spread</span> <span word="rapidly">rapidly</span>. 注释： 1. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="investigators">investigators</span> <span word="knew">knew</span>...<span word="over">over</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="decades">decades</span>.：调查人员了解被调查人的朋友以及夫妻、兄弟姐妹或者邻居，并且了解他们三十年来各个时期的体重。<span word="as">as</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="as">as</span>表示和、又。 2. <span word="reconstruct">reconstruct</span>：重建，推想。<span word="re">re</span>是表示又，再之义的词根。 3. <span word="That">That</span> <span word="increased">increased</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="persons">persons</span> <span word="chances">chances</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="becoming">becoming</span> <span word="obese">obese</span> <span word="by">by</span> 57 <span word="percent">percent</span>.：这使得发胖的几率增加了57％。<span word="chance">chance</span>这里指机率、可能性。 4. <span word="gained">gained</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="lost">lost</span> <span word="weight">weight</span>：体重增加或减肥。 5. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="matter">matter</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="friend">friend</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="hundreds">hundreds</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="miles">miles</span> <span word="away">away</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="influence">influence</span> <span word="remained">remained</span>.：即使朋友远在千里之外，这种影响仍然存在。 6. <span word="verception">verception</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="fatness">fatness</span>：对于肥胖的感知。 7. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="investigators">investigators</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="findings">findings</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="explain">explain</span> <span word="why">why</span> <span word="Americans">Americans</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="become">become</span> <span word="fatter">fatter</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="recent">recent</span> <span word="yearseach">yearseach</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="became">became</span> <span word="obese">obese</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="drag">drag</span> <span word="along">along</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="friends">friends</span>：调查人员声称他们的发现可以帮助解释近年来美国人变得越来越胖的原因：每个发胖的人都可能带动朋友一起变胖。 8. <span word="contagion">contagion</span>：传染，传染病。 9. <span word="edge">edge</span> <span word="toward">toward</span>：向缓慢或逐渐地前进。</p>
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