职称英语考试综合类阅读理解练习题（2）
<p> <span word="All">All</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="clock">clock</span> <span word="located">located</span> <span word="inside">inside</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="brains">brains</span>. <span word="Similar">Similar</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="bedside">bedside</span> <span word="alarm">alarm</span> <span word="clock">clock</span>， <span word="your">your</span> <span word="internal">internal</span> <span word="clock">clock</span>2 <span word="runs">runs</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> 24-<span word="hour">hour</span> <span word="cycle">cycle</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="cycle">cycle</span>，<span word="called">called</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="circadian">circadian</span> <span word="rhythm">rhythm</span>，<span word="helps">helps</span> <span word="control">control</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="wake">wake</span>，<span word="when">when</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="eat">eat</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="sleep">sleep</span>. <span word="Somewhere">Somewhere</span> <span word="around">around</span> <span word="puberty">puberty</span>，<span word="something">something</span> <span word="happens">happens</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="timing">timing</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="biological">biological</span> <span word="clock">clock</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="clock">clock</span> <span word="pushes">pushes</span> <span word="forward">forward</span>，<span word="so">so</span> <span word="adolescents">adolescents</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="teenagers">teenagers</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="unable">unable</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="fall">fall</span> <span word="asleep">asleep</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="early">early</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="to">to</span>. <span word="When">When</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="mother">mother</span> <span word="tells">tells</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="bed">bed</span>，<span word="your">your</span> <span word="body">body</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="pushing">pushing</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="stay">stay</span> <span word="up">up</span>3 <span word="for">for</span> <span word="several">several</span> <span word="hours">hours</span> <span word="more">more</span>. <span word="And">And</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="light">light</span> <span word="coming">coming</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="computer">computer</span> <span word="screen">screen</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="TV">TV</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="pushing">pushing</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="stay">stay</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="later">later</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="shift">shift</span>4 <span word="is">is</span> <span word="natural">natural</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="teenagers">teenagers</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="staying">staying</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="late">late</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="sleeping">sleeping</span> <span word="late">late</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="bodys">bodys</span> <span word="clock">clock</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="sync">sync</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cycle">cycle</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="light">light</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="dark">dark</span>5. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="bed">bed</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="morning">morning</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="bring">bring</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="problems">problems</span>，<span word="too">too</span>. <span word="Teenagers">Teenagers</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="put">put</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="kind">kind</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="gray">gray</span> <span word="cloud">cloud</span>6 <span word="when">when</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="dont">dont</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="enough">enough</span> <span word="sleep">sleep</span>，<span word="says">says</span> <span word="Mary">Mary</span> <span word="Carskadon">Carskadon</span>，<span word="a">a</span> <span word="sleep">sleep</span> <span word="researcher">researcher</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="Brown">Brown</span> <span word="University">University</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Providence">Providence</span>，<span word="RI">RI</span>7 .<span word="It">It</span> <span word="affects">affects</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="mood">mood</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="ability">ability</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="learn">learn</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="alarm">alarm</span> <span word="clock">clock</span>，<span word="your">your</span> <span word="internal">internal</span> <span word="clock">clock</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="reset">reset</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="fact">fact</span>，<span word="it">it</span> <span word="automatically">automatically</span> <span word="resets">resets</span> <span word="itself">itself</span> <span word="every">every</span> <span word="day">day</span>. <span word="How">How</span>? <span word="By">By</span> <span word="using">using</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="light">light</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="gets">gets</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="eyes">eyes</span>. <span word="Scientists">Scientists</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="light">light</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="day">day</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="dark">dark</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="night">night</span> <span word="play">play</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="roles">roles</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="setting">setting</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="internal">internal</span> <span word="clocks">clocks</span>. <span word="For">For</span> <span word="years">years</span>，<span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="thought">thought</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="signals">signals</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="synchronize">synchronize</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bodys">bodys</span> <span word="clock">clock</span>8 <span word="were">were</span> <span word="handled">handled</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="pathways">pathways</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="see">see</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="recent">recent</span> <span word="discoveries">discoveries</span> <span word="show">show</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="eye">eye</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="separate">separate</span> <span word="light">light</span>-<span word="sensing">sensing</span> <span word="systems">systems</span>. <span word="One">One</span> <span word="system">system</span> <span word="allows">allows</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="see">see</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="second">second</span> <span word="system">system</span> <span word="tells">tells</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="body">body</span> <span word="whether">whether</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="day">day</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="night">night</span>. 词汇： <span word="circadian">circadian</span>/<span word="s">s</span>3:<span word="keidi">keidi</span>?<span word="n">n</span>/ <span word="adj">adj</span>. 昼夜节奏的，生理节奏的 <span word="adolescent">adolescent</span>/?<span word="d">d</span>?<span word="ules">ules</span>?<span word="nt">nt</span>/ <span word="n">n</span>.青少年;<span word="adj">adj</span>.青少年的 <span word="puberty">puberty</span>/ <span word="pju">pju</span>:<span word="b">b</span>?<span word="ti">ti</span>/ <span word="n">n</span>.发育;青春期 <span word="sync">sync</span>/<span word="si">si</span>?<span word="k">k</span>/ <span word="n">n</span>. 同步;和谐，协调 <span word="synchronize">synchronize</span>/<span word="si">si</span>?<span word="kr">kr</span>?<span word="naiz">naiz</span> / <span word="V">V</span>.同时发生;同步 注释： 1.<span word="make">make</span> <span word="light">light</span> <span word="of">of</span> ：轻视，不在乎。例如： <span word="We">We</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="light">light</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="achievements">achievements</span>.我们不应当低估他们的成就。 2. <span word="your">your</span> <span word="internal">internal</span> <span word="clock">clock</span> ：指的是第一句中的<span word="a">a</span> <span word="clock">clock</span> <span word="located">located</span> <span word="inside">inside</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="brains">brains</span> ，也即是第二段第一句中的<span word="the">the</span> <span word="biological">biological</span> <span word="clock">clock</span> 。 3. <span word="stay">stay</span> <span word="up">up</span>：不睡觉，熬夜 4. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="shift">shift</span>：这种调整。指上文所描述的由于生理时间的变化青少年上床时间越来越晚的现象。 5. <span word="get">get</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="bodys">bodys</span> <span word="clock">clock</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="sync">sync</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cycle">cycle</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="light">light</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="dark">dark</span> ：打乱了你的生物钟与昼夜时间循环之间的平衡 6. <span word="gray">gray</span> <span word="cloud">cloud</span> ：提不起精神的状态 7. <span word="Brown">Brown</span> <span word="University">University</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Providence">Providence</span>， <span word="RI">RI</span>：位于美国罗得岛州普罗维登斯的布朗大学。<span word="RI">RI</span>是<span word="Rhode">Rhode</span> <span word="Island">Island</span>的首字母缩写;<span word="Providence">Providence</span> 是罗得岛州的首府。布朗大学是美国一流大学，创建于1764 年，是世界闻名的美国常春藤联盟中的一员。 8. <span word="the">the</span> <span word="signals">signals</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="synchronize">synchronize</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bodys">bodys</span> <span word="clock">clock</span>：平衡生物钟的光信号 练习： 1 .<span word="The">The</span> <span word="clock">clock</span> <span word="located">located</span> <span word="inside">inside</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="brains">brains</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="similar">similar</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="bedside">bedside</span> <span word="alarm">alarm</span> <span word="clock">clock</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="A">A</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="controls">controls</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="wake">wake</span>，<span word="when">when</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="eat">eat</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="sleep">sleep</span>. <span word="B">B</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="cycle">cycle</span> <span word="of">of</span> 24 <span word="hours">hours</span>. <span word="C">C</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="cycle">cycle</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="circadian">circadian</span> <span word="rhythm">rhythm</span>. <span word="D">D</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="alarm">alarm</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="during">during</span> 24 <span word="hours">hours</span>. 2. <span word="What">What</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="implied">implied</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="second">second</span> <span word="paragraph">paragraph</span>? <span word="A">A</span> <span word="Young">Young</span> <span word="childrens">childrens</span> <span word="biological">biological</span> <span word="clock">clock</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="rhythm">rhythm</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="teenagers">teenagers</span>. <span word="B">B</span> <span word="People">People</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="puberty">puberty</span> <span word="begin">begin</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="bed">bed</span> <span word="earlier">earlier</span> <span word="due">due</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="change">change</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="biological">biological</span> <span word="clock">clock</span>. <span word="C">C</span> <span word="Children">Children</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="puberty">puberty</span> <span word="tend">tend</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="fall">fall</span> <span word="asleep">asleep</span> <span word="earlier">earlier</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="night">night</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="adolescents">adolescents</span>. <span word="D">D</span> <span word="Teenagers">Teenagers</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="bed">bed</span> <span word="later">later</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="due">due</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="light">light</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="computer">computer</span> <span word="screen">screen</span>. 3. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="third">third</span> <span word="paragraph">paragraph</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="author">author</span> <span word="wants">wants</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="tell">tell</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="reader">reader</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="A">A</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="natural">natural</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="teenagers">teenagers</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="stay">stay</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="late">late</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="late">late</span>. <span word="B">B</span> <span word="staying">staying</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="late">late</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="bad">bad</span> <span word="effect">effect</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="teenagers">teenagers</span> <span word="ability">ability</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="learn">learn</span>. <span word="C">C</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="puberty">puberty</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="teenagers">teenagers</span> <span word="experience">experience</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="kind">kind</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="gray">gray</span> <span word="cloud">cloud</span>. <span word="D">D</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="teenagers">teenagers</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="bed">bed</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="morning">morning</span>. 4. <span word="Which">Which</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="statements">statements</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="NOT">NOT</span> <span word="true">true</span> <span word="according">according</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fourth">fourth</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="fifth">fifth</span> <span word="paragraphs">paragraphs</span>? <span word="A">A</span> <span word="Our">Our</span> <span word="biological">biological</span> <span word="clock">clock</span> <span word="resets">resets</span> <span word="itself">itself</span> <span word="automatically">automatically</span>. <span word="B">B</span> <span word="light">light</span> <span word="gets">gets</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="eyes">eyes</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="resets">resets</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="biological">biological</span> <span word="clock">clock</span>. <span word="C">C</span> <span word="Our">Our</span> <span word="internal">internal</span> <span word="clock">clock</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="alarm">alarm</span> <span word="clock">clock</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="reset">reset</span> <span word="automatically">automatically</span>. <span word="D">D</span> <span word="Our">Our</span> <span word="internal">internal</span> <span word="clock">clock</span>，<span word="like">like</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="alarm">alarm</span> <span word="clock">clock</span>，<span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="reset">reset</span>. 5. <span word="According">According</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="paragraphs">paragraphs</span>， <span word="what">what</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="previous">previous</span> <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="eyes">eyes</span> <span word="light">light</span>-<span word="sensing">sensing</span> <span word="system">system</span>? <span word="A">A</span> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="eye">eye</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="light">light</span>-<span word="sensing">sensing</span> <span word="systems">systems</span>. <span word="B">B</span> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="eye">eye</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="light">light</span>-<span word="sensing">sensing</span> <span word="system">system</span>. <span word="C">C</span> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="eye">eye</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="sense">sense</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="light">light</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="day">day</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="quickly">quickly</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="dark">dark</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="night">night</span>. <span word="D">D</span> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="eye">eye</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="reset">reset</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="internal">internal</span> <span word="clocks">clocks</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="accordance">accordance</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="alarm">alarm</span> <span word="clocks">clocks</span>. 答案与题解： 1.<span word="B">B</span> 第一段第二句提供了答案。句中的<span word="your">your</span> <span word="internal">internal</span> <span word="clock">clock</span> 即指<span word="a">a</span> <span word="clock">clock</span> <span word="located">located</span> <span word="inside">inside</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="Brains">Brains</span>。 2. <span word="C">C</span> 第二段主要内容是告诉读者，过了青春期，由于生物钟节奏的变化，青少年比以前要晚睡几小时。所以<span word="C">C</span>是该段所隐含的内容。 3. <span word="B">B</span> 第三段的最后一句直接给出了答案。 4. <span word="C">C</span> 根据第四和第五段的内容，闹钟和生物钟都可以重新设定时间，但生物钟能通过眼睛接受的日光来自动调节生理节奏。所以<span word="A">A</span>、<span word="B">B</span>和<span word="D">D</span>都是这两段中所述内容，<span word="C">C</span>是正确选择，因为闹钟不能自动重新设定时间。 5.<span word="B">B</span> 问题使用的是过去时，问的是研究者在最新发现之前对眼睛感光系统的认识，即，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="signals">signals</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="synchronize">synchronize</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bodys">bodys</span> <span word="clock">clock</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="handled">handled</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="pathways">pathways</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="see">see</span> ，也就是说，研究者之前认为人类的眼睛只有一个感光系统。但最新发现却是，人的眼睛有两个感光系统。</p>
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