2014年职称英语考试综合类阅读理解练习题(1)
<p> <span word="Technology">Technology</span> <span word="Transfer">Transfer</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Germany">Germany</span> <span word="When">When</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="comes">comes</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="translating">translating</span> <span word="basic">basic</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="industrial">industrial</span> <span word="success">success</span>, <span word="few">few</span> <span word="nations">nations</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="match">match</span> <span word="Germany">Germany</span>. <span word="Since">Since</span> <span word="the">the</span> 1940<span word="s">s</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="nations">nations</span> <span word="vast">vast</span> <span word="industrial">industrial</span> <span word="base">base</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="fed">fed</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="constant">constant</span> <span word="stream">stream</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="ideas">ideas</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="expertise">expertise</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="science">science</span>. <span word="And">And</span> <span word="though">though</span> <span word="German">German</span> <span word="prosperity">prosperity</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="faltered">faltered</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span> <span word="decade">decade</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="huge">huge</span> <span word="cost">cost</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="unifying">unifying</span> <span word="east">east</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="west">west</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="global">global</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="decline">decline</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="enviable">enviable</span> <span word="record">record</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="turning">turning</span> <span word="ideas">ideas</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="profit">profit</span>. <span word="Much">Much</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="reason">reason</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="success">success</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Fraunhofer">Fraunhofer</span> <span word="Society">Society</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="network">network</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="institutes">institutes</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="exists">exists</span> <span word="solely">solely</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="solve">solve</span> <span word="industrial">industrial</span> <span word="problems">problems</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="create">create</span> <span word="sought">sought</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="technologies">technologies</span>-<span word="But">But</span> <span word="today">today</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Fraunhofer">Fraunhofer</span> <span word="institutes">institutes</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="competition">competition</span>. <span word="Universities">Universities</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="taking">taking</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="ever">ever</span> <span word="larger">larger</span> <span word="role">role</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="technology">technology</span> <span word="transfer">transfer</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="technology">technology</span> <span word="parks">parks</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="springing">springing</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="over">over</span>. <span word="These">These</span> <span word="efforts">efforts</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="complemented">complemented</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="federal">federal</span> <span word="programs">programs</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="pumping">pumping</span> <span word="money">money</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="start">start</span>-<span word="up">up</span> <span word="companies">companies</span>- <span word="Such">Such</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="strategy">strategy</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="sound">sound</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="recipe">recipe</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="success">success</span>, <span word="but">but</span> 1<span word="t">t</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="without">without</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="critics">critics</span>. <span word="These">These</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="worry">worry</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="favoring">favoring</span> <span word="applied">applied</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="mean">mean</span> <span word="neglecting">neglecting</span> <span word="basic">basic</span> <span word="science">science</span>, <span word="eventually">eventually</span> <span word="starving">starving</span> <span word="industry">industry</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="flesh">flesh</span> <span word="ideas">ideas</span>.<span word="If">If</span> <span word="every">every</span> <span word="scientist">scientist</span> <span word="starts">starts</span> <span word="thinking">thinking</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="entrepreneur">entrepreneur</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="argument">argument</span> <span word="goes">goes</span>, <span word="then">then</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="traditional">traditional</span> <span word="principles">principles</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="university">university</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="curiosity">curiosity</span> <span word="driven">driven</span>: <span word="free">free</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="widely">widely</span> <span word="available">available</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="suffer">suffer</span>. <span word="Others">Others</span> <span word="claim">claim</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="programs">programs</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="promote">promote</span> <span word="technology">technology</span> <span word="transfer">transfer</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="waste">waste</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="money">money</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="half">half</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="businesses">businesses</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="promoted">promoted</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="bound">bound</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="bankrupt">bankrupt</span> <span word="within">within</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="years">years</span>- <span word="While">While</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="debate">debate</span> <span word="continues">continues</span>, <span word="new">new</span> <span word="ideas">ideas</span> <span word="flow">flow</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="steady">steady</span> <span word="rate">rate</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="Germanys">Germanys</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="networks">networks</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="bear">bear</span> <span word="famous">famous</span> <span word="names">names</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="Helmholtz">Helmholtz</span>, <span word="Max">Max</span> <span word="Planck">Planck</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Leibniz">Leibniz</span>. <span word="Yet">Yet</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fourth">fourth</span> <span word="network">network</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Fraunhofer">Fraunhofer</span> <span word="Society">Society</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="plays">plays</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="greatest">greatest</span> <span word="role">role</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="technology">technology</span> <span word="transfer">transfer</span>. <span word="Founded">Founded</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1949.<span word="the">the</span> <span word="Fraunhofer">Fraunhofer</span> <span word="Society">Society</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="Europes">Europes</span> <span word="largest">largest</span> <span word="organization">organization</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="applied">applied</span> <span word="technology">technology</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="has">has</span> 59 <span word="institutes">institutes</span> <span word="employing">employing</span> 1 2,000 <span word="people">people</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="continues">continues</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="grow">grow</span>. <span word="Last">Last</span> <span word="year">year</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="swallowed">swallowed</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Heinrich">Heinrich</span> <span word="Hertz">Hertz</span> <span word="Institute">Institute</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="Communication">Communication</span> <span word="Technology">Technology</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Berlin">Berlin</span>. <span word="Today">Today</span>, <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="Fraunhofers">Fraunhofers</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="US">US</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Asia">Asia</span>. 41 <span word="What">What</span> <span word="factor">factor</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="attributed">attributed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="German">German</span> <span word="prosperity">prosperity</span>? <span word="A">A</span> <span word="Technology">Technology</span> <span word="transfer">transfer</span> <span word="B">B</span> <span word="Good">Good</span> <span word="management">management</span> <span word="C">C</span> <span word="Hard">Hard</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="D">D</span> <span word="Fierce">Fierce</span> <span word="competition">competition</span> 42 <span word="Which">Which</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="NOT">NOT</span> <span word="true">true</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="traditional">traditional</span> <span word="university">university</span> <span word="research">research</span>? <span word="A">A</span> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="free">free</span> <span word="B">B</span> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="profit">profit</span>-<span word="driven">driven</span> <span word="C">C</span> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="widely">widely</span> <span word="available">available</span> <span word="D">D</span> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="curiositydriven">curiositydriven</span> 43 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Fraunhofer">Fraunhofer</span> <span word="Society">Society</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="largest">largest</span> <span word="organization">organization</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="applied">applied</span> <span word="technology">technology</span> <span word="in">in</span> ________ <span word="A">A</span> <span word="Asia">Asia</span> <span word="B">B</span> <span word="USA">USA</span> <span word="C">C</span> <span word="Europe">Europe</span> <span word="D">D</span> <span word="Africa">Africa</span> 44 <span word="When">When</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Fraunhofer">Fraunhofer</span> <span word="Society">Society</span> <span word="founded">founded</span>? <span word="A">A</span> <span word="In">In</span> 1940 <span word="B">B</span> <span word="Last">Last</span> <span word="year">year</span> <span word="C">C</span> <span word="After">After</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="unification">unification</span> <span word="D">D</span> <span word="In">In</span> 1949 45 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="word">word</span> <span word="expertise">expertise</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="line">line</span> 3 <span word="could">could</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="replaced">replaced</span> <span word="by">by</span> _________ <span word="A">A</span> <span word="experts">experts</span> <span word="B">B</span> <span word="scientists">scientists</span> <span word="C">C</span> <span word="scholars">scholars</span> <span word="D">D</span> <span word="special">special</span> <span word="knowledge">knowledge</span> 答案解析 41.正确答案为<span word="A">A</span>。答案在第一段可以找到,该段的最后一句话<span word="it">it</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="enviable">enviable</span> <span word="record">record</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="turning">turning</span> <span word="ideas">ideas</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="profit">profit</span>是该段的总结,明确指出了德国的繁荣归功于技术的转换。 42.正确答案为<span word="B">B</span>。答案可以在第三段里找到,这一段里有这样一句话：<span word="traditional">traditional</span> <span word="principles">principles</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="university">university</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="curiosity">curiosity</span>-<span word="driven">driven</span>, <span word="free">free</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="widely">widely</span> <span word="available">available</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="suffer">suffer</span>,传统的大学科研原则有三个特点,惟独没有<span word="profit">profit</span>-<span word="driven">driven</span>,即受利益驱动。 43.正确答案为<span word="C">C</span>。答案在最后一段里讲得很清楚。 44.正确答案为<span word="D">D</span>。答案在最后一段的第一句话里。 45.正确答案为<span word="D">D</span>。<span word="expertise">expertise</span>是非凡领域的知识和学问的意思,另外三个选项都用来指人,在这个上下文里根本不合适。</p>
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