职称英语理工类b级阅读理解经典练习题(7)
<p> <span word="Drug">Drug</span> <span word="Resistancet">Resistancet</span> <span word="Fades">Fades</span> <span word="Quickly">Quickly</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Key">Key</span> <span word="Aids">Aids</span>2 <span word="Drug">Drug</span> <span word="International">International</span> <span word="medical">medical</span> <span word="guidelines">guidelines</span> <span word="call">call</span> <span word="for">for</span>5 <span word="pregnant">pregnant</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="advanced">advanced</span> <span word="HIV">HIV</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="combination">combination</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="AIDS">AIDS</span> <span word="drugs">drugs</span> <span word="including">including</span> <span word="nevirapine">nevirapine</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="prevent">prevent</span> <span word="passing">passing</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="infection">infection</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="newborns">newborns</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="delivery">delivery</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="poor">poor</span> <span word="countries">countries</span>, <span word="combinations">combinations</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="expensive">expensive</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="nevirapine">nevirapine</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="Used">Used</span> <span word="al">al</span>. <span word="one">one</span>, <span word="since">since</span> <span word="studies">studies</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="shown">shown</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="single">single</span> <span word="dose">dose</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="cut">cut</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="transmission">transmission</span> <span word="rate">rate</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="half">half</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="further">further</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="exposure">exposure</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="single">single</span> <span word="dose">dose</span> <span word="nevirapine">nevirapine</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="detectable">detectable</span> <span word="nevirapine">nevirapine</span> <span word="resistance">resistance</span> <span word="is">is</span>6, <span word="said">said</span> <span word="Shahin">Shahin</span> <span word="Lockman">Lockman</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Harvard">Harvard</span> <span word="School">School</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Public">Public</span> <span word="Health">Health</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Boston">Boston</span>7. <span word="She">She</span> <span word="says">says</span> <span word="waiting">waiting</span> <span word="period">period</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="single">single</span> <span word="dose">dose</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="nevirapine">nevirapine</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="delivery">delivery</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="short">short</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="six">six</span> <span word="months">months</span>. <span word="If">If</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="started">started</span> <span word="nevirapine">nevirapine</span>-<span word="based">based</span> <span word="treatment">treatment</span> <span word="six">six</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="months">months</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="nevirapine">nevirapine</span> <span word="exposure">exposure</span>, <span word="their">their</span> <span word="treatment">treatment</span> <span word="response">response</span>8 <span word="was">was</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="good">good</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="really">really</span> <span word="quite">quite</span> <span word="high">high</span>, <span word="compared">compared</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="single">single</span> <span word="dose">dose</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="nevirapine">nevirapine</span>, <span word="she">she</span> <span word="added">added</span>. <span word="However">However</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="started">started</span> <span word="nevirapine">nevirapine</span>-<span word="based">based</span> <span word="treatment">treatment</span> <span word="within">within</span> <span word="six">six</span> <span word="months">months</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="nevirapine">nevirapine</span> <span word="exposure">exposure</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="experience">experience</span> <span word="treatment">treatment</span> <span word="failure">failure</span>. <span word="I">I</span>.<span word="ynne">ynne</span> <span word="Mofenson">Mofenson</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="chief">chief</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="child">child</span>, <span word="adolescent">adolescent</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="maternal">maternal</span> <span word="AIDS">AIDS</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="U">U</span>. <span word="S">S</span>. <span word="National">National</span> <span word="Institute">Institute</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Child">Child</span> <span word="Health">Health</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Human">Human</span> <span word="Development">Development</span>10. <span word="She">She</span> <span word="says">says</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="finding">finding</span> <span word="supports">supports</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="World">World</span> <span word="Health">Health</span> <span word="Organization">Organization</span> <span word="H">H</span> <span word="recommendation">recommendation</span> <span word="restricting">restricting</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="single">single</span> <span word="dose">dose</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="nevirapine">nevirapine</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="pregnant">pregnant</span> <span word="HIV">HIV</span>-<span word="infected">infected</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="healthy">healthy</span> <span word="enough">enough</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="wait">wait</span> <span word="six">six</span> <span word="months">months</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="childbirth">childbirth</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="nevirapine">nevirapine</span>-<span word="based">based</span> <span word="therapy">therapy</span>. <span word="Otherwise">Otherwise</span>, <span word="they">they</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="drugs">drugs</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="labor">labor</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="shows">shows</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="importance">importance</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="screening">screening</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="treatment">treatment</span> <span word="while">while</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="pregnant">pregnant</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="putting">putting</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="appropriate">appropriate</span> <span word="therapy">therapy</span> <span word="while">while</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="pregnant">pregnant</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="avoid">avoid</span> <span word="having">having</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="start">start</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="soon">soon</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="received">received</span> <span word="preventive">preventive</span> <span word="therapy">therapy</span>, <span word="she">she</span> <span word="explained">explained</span>. 练习： <span word="A">A</span> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="broad">broad</span>-<span word="spectrum">spectrum</span> <span word="antibiotic">antibiotic</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="kills">kills</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="kinds">kinds</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="bacteria">bacteria</span>. <span word="C">C</span> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="prevents">prevents</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="transmission">transmission</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="AIDS">AIDS</span> <span word="virus">virus</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="protects">protects</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="heart">heart</span> <span word="attack">attack</span>. 2. <span word="Why">Why</span> <span word="does">does</span> <span word="HIV">HIV</span> <span word="resistance">resistance</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="nevirapine">nevirapine</span> <span word="build">build</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="quickly">quickly</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="drug">drug</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="alone">alone</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="once">once</span>? <span word="B">B</span> <span word="Because">Because</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="susceptibility">susceptibility</span> <span word="test">test</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="using">using</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="drug">drug</span>. <span word="D">D</span> <span word="Because">Because</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="mutations">mutations</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="HIV">HIV</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="nevirapine">nevirapine</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="deal">deal</span> <span word="with">with</span>. <span word="A">A</span> <span word="She">She</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="start">start</span> <span word="nevirapine">nevirapine</span>-<span word="based">based</span> <span word="treatment">treatment</span> <span word="soon">soon</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="delivery">delivery</span>. <span word="C">C</span> <span word="She">She</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="wait">wait</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="least">least</span> <span word="six">six</span> <span word="months">months</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="nevirapine">nevirapine</span> <span word="exposure">exposure</span>. 4. <span word="We">We</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="learn">learn</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="passage">passage</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="HIV">HIV</span> <span word="resistance">resistance</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="nevirapine">nevirapine</span> <span word="B">B</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="forever">forever</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="woman">woman</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="took">took</span> <span word="nevirapine">nevirapine</span>. <span word="D">D</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="problem">problem</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="difficult">difficult</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="solved">solved</span>. <span word="A">A</span> <span word="negative">negative</span> <span word="C">C</span> <span word="uncertain">uncertain</span> 答案与题解 1．<span word="D">D</span> 第一段第一句及第二段第二句均提到<span word="nevirapine">nevirapine</span>可以防止母亲在分娩时将<span word="HIV">HIV</span>病毒传染给新生儿的问题，故<span word="D">D</span>项是正确答案。 3．<span word="C">C</span> 第四段第二句说到，等待的时间最短可到六个月，第五段第一句又说，最少等待六个月的妇女，她们以<span word="nevirapine">nevirapine</span>为主的药物综合治疗的疗效要比等待不足六个月的妇女高70％，可见<span word="C">C</span>项最少要等待六个月是正确答案。 5．<span word="B">B</span> 第一段是文章的提要，最能说明作者观点，其中最后一句就明确提到，已经服用 <span word="nevirapine">nevirapine</span>的已感染上<span word="HIV">HIV</span>的母亲们不应该放弃服用这种能用得起的药物。而且通篇文章都在探讨如何更有效地利用此药物，因此作者对使用此药的态度应该是积极的、肯定的。</p>
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